Download or read book Measurements of Materials Shielding Properties with 1 GeV written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of future spacecraft such as the Crew ExplorationVehicle must take into account the radiation shielding properties of boththe structural components as well as dedicated shielding materials. Sincemodest depths of shielding stop the vast majority of Solar EnergeticParticles (SEP), the greater challenge is posed by the need to shieldcrew from the Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), which include highly-chargedand highly-energetic particles. Here, we report on results from testsperformed with beams of 1 GeV/nuc 56Fe at the Brookhaven NationalLaboratory. A wide variety of targets, both elemental and composite, wereplaced in the particle beams, and the spectra of particles emerging from the targets were measured using a stack of silicon detectors. Results arepresented primarily in terms of dose reduction per g cm-2 of targetmaterial, and support the conclusions of an earlier calculation by Wilsonet al. showing that performance improves as the shield's mass numberdecreases, with hydrogen being by far the most effective. The data alsoshow that, as depth increases, the incremental benefit of addingshielding decreases, particularlyfor aluminum and other elements withhigher atomic mass numbers.
Download or read book Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials written by Sarika Verma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Radiation Shielding Materials: Radiation and Radiological Protection provides an in-depth evaluation of the different types of radiation (x-rays, gamma rays, neutron, UV and EMI) and the development of radiation shielding materials that can be exploited for designing and use in multiple applications. The book also presents a review of the process parameters necessary to develop radiation shielding materials which will assist in the ongoing research to optimize and enhance processes such as the use of 3D orienting and CVD to create efficient radiation shielding material. This book will play a pivotal role and opens new avenues for global research and development by providing an understanding of the mechanisms of radiation shielding and bringing these concepts to application using different materials. - Provides comprehensive information on how to develop and characterize advanced radiation shielding materials using current state-of-the-art technologies - Analyzes and compares experimental data on the physical parameters of advanced radiation shielding materials - Presents the latest knowledge on radiation shielding materials for various applications, including space, healthcare, and nuclear energy - Discusses environmental, ethical, and medical guidelines related to the use of advanced radiation shielding materials
Download or read book Measurement of the Shielding Properties of Composite Materials Comparison of the Dual TEM and Noncontact Probe Methods written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a comparative study of the use of a non-contact probe method and the dual transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell method for the measurement of the surface impedance of composite materials used in electromagnetic shielding. The theory of both techniques is explained and the equipment used in the comparison experiments is described. Results are presented regarding measurements of shielding effectiveness of various composites containing carbon, glass, or boron fibres in an epoxy matrix. Differences between measurements made on anisotropic and pseudo-isotropic composites are discussed.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ICRP Publication 123 written by ICRP, and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During their occupational activities in space, astronauts are exposed to ionising radiation from natural radiation sources present in this environment. They are, however, not usually classified as being occupationally exposed in the sense of the general ICRP system for radiation protection of workers applied on Earth. The exposure assessment and risk-related approach described in this report is clearly restricted to the special situation in space, and should not be applied to any other exposure situation on Earth. The report describes the terms and methods used to assess the radiation exposure of astronauts, and provides data for the assessment of organ doses.
Download or read book Charged Particles in Oncology written by Marco Durante and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-energy charged particles represent a cutting-edge technique in radiation oncology. Protons and carbon ions are used in several centers all over the world for the treatment of different solid tumors. Typical indications are ocular malignancies, tumors of the base of the skull, hepatocellular carcinomas and various sarcomas. The physical characteristics of the charged particles (Bragg peak) allow sparing of much more normal tissues than it is possible using conventional X-rays, and for this reason all pediatric tumors are considered eligible for protontherapy. Ions heavier than protons also display special radiobiological characteristics, which make them effective against radioresistant and hypoxic tumors. On the other hand, protons and ions with high charge (Z) and energy (HZE particles) represent a major risk for human space exploration. The main late effect of radiation exposure is cancer induction, and at the moment the dose limits for astronauts are based on cancer mortality risk. The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) measured the dose on the route to Mars and on the planet’s surface, suggesting that a human exploration missions will exceed the radiation risk limits. Notwithstanding many studies on carcinogenesis induced by protons and heavy ions, the risk uncertainty remains very high. In this research topic we aim at gathering the experiences and opinions of scientists dealing with high-energy charged particles either for cancer treatment or for space radiation protection. Clinical results with protons and heavy ions, as well as research in medical physics and pre-clinical radiobiology are reported. In addition, ground-based and spaceflight studies on the effects of space radiation are included in this book. Particularly relevant for space studies are the clinical results on normal tissue complications and second cancers. The eBook nicely demonstrates that particle therapy in oncology and protection of astronauts from space radiation share many common topics, and can learn from each other.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Bioastronautics written by Laurence R. Young and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive encyclopedia serves the needs of biomedical researchers, space mission planners and engineers, aerospace medicine physicians, graduate students, and professors interested in obtaining an up-to-date and readable introduction to bioastronautics, the science of humans in space. Following the excitement and progress of the birth of the space age in the fifties and sixties, with the successes in human space flight – culminating with the Moon landings – the field of bioastronautics retreated into the more workmanlike arena of successively longer stays in low Earth orbit. At this time, major new initiatives are ahead both in human and robotic space exploration. The International Space Station, along with the developing Chinese space station and lunar program, will permit the development and testing of the means of astronaut protection for long duration missions – eventually to Mars and its moons, as well as visits to asteroids, other NEOs, and the Lagrange points. New life support systems and innovative approaches to radiation protection beyond Earth’s magnetic field will all be developed and tested. Meanwhile, the search for extraterrestrial life, past or even present, is accelerating – with the spectacular finds of Martian water and the discovery of potentially habitable extra-solar planets. A new generation of scientists is ready to attack a new set of problems, and is in need of an efficient, accurate and searchable means of discovering the essentials of the field. This reference work also covers the challenges, past achievements, and potential solutions inherent to the safe exploration of distant space and the search for life off our planet. The entries summarize the tertiary literature and include sufficient data and illustrations to introduce each topic, while avoiding the length and detail of scientific review articles.
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Composite Materials written by It Meng Low and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-06-18 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite materials have been well developed to meet the challenges of high-performing material properties targeting engineering and structural applications. The ability of composite materials to absorb stresses and dissipate strain energy is vastly superior to that of other materials such as polymers and ceramics, and thus they offer engineers many mechanical, thermal, chemical and damage-tolerance advantages with limited drawbacks such as brittleness. Composite Materials: Manufacturing, Properties and Applications presents a comprehensive review of current status and future directions, latest technologies and innovative work, challenges and opportunities for composite materials. The chapters present latest advances and comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart composites. The book targets researchers in the field of advanced composite materials and ceramics, students of materials science and engineering at the postgraduate level, as well as material engineers and scientists working in industrial R& D sectors for composite material manufacturing. - Comprehensive coverage of material types, design, fabrication, modelling, properties and applications from conventional composite materials to advanced composites such as nanocomposites, self-healing and smart composites - Features latest advances in terms of mechanical properties and other material parameters which are essential for designers and engineers in the composite and composite reinforcement manufacturing industry, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the subject - Offers a good platform for end users to refer to the latest technologies and topics fitting into specific applications and specific methods to tackle manufacturing or material processing issues in relation to different types of composite materials
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High energy physics index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Study of the Shielding Properties of Various Materials Against Neutrons and Gamma rays written by John E. Dacey and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ERDA energy research abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
