Download or read book Measurement of the National Airspace System written by United States. Federal Aviation Agency. Systems Research and Development Service and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report contains a limited description of the present FAA system for measurement of the Nation al Airspace System. It suggests that measures of operational effectiveness be added to the present system to provide inputs for cost/benefit studies and to assist top management in dm1ision making functions. (Author).

Download or read book National Airspace System written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book National Airspace System Setting On Time Performance Targets at Congested Airports Could Help Focus FAA s Actions written by Susan Fleming and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flight delays have beset the U.S. national airspace system. In 2007, more than one-quarter of all flights either arrived late or were canceled across the system. The FAA is making substantial investments in transforming to a new air traffic control system -- the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) -- a system that is expected to reduce delays over the next decade. This report explains the extent to which: (1) flight delays in the U.S. national airspace system have changed since 2007 and the contributing factors to these changes; and (2) actions by the FAA are expected to reduce delays in the next 2 to 3 years. Includes recommendations. Charts and tables.

Download or read book Metrics for the NASA Airspace Systems Program written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-16 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document defines an initial set of metrics for use by the NASA Airspace Systems Program (ASP). ASP consists of the NextGen-Airspace Project and the NextGen-Airportal Project. The work in each project is organized along multiple, discipline-level Research Focus Areas (RFAs). Each RFA is developing future concept elements in support of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), as defined by the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO). In addition, a single, system-level RFA is responsible for integrating concept elements across RFAs in both projects and for assessing system-wide benefits. The primary purpose of this document is to define a common set of metrics for measuring National Airspace System (NAS) performance before and after the introduction of ASP-developed concepts for NextGen as the system handles increasing traffic. The metrics are directly traceable to NextGen goals and objectives as defined by the JPDO and hence will be used to measure the progress of ASP research toward reaching those goals. The scope of this document is focused on defining a common set of metrics for measuring NAS capacity, efficiency, robustness, and safety at the system-level and at the RFA-level. Use of common metrics will focus ASP research toward achieving system-level performance goals and objectives and enable the discipline-level RFAs to evaluate the impact of their concepts at the system level. Smith, Jeremy C. and Neitzke, Kurt W. Langley Research Center WBS 411931.02.71.07.01

Download or read book Metrics for the NASA Airspace Systems Program written by Jeremy C. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This document defines an initial set of metrics for use by the NASA Airspace Systems Program (ASP). ASP consists of the NextGen-Airspace Project and the NextGen-Airportal Project. The work in each project is organized along multiple, discipline-level Research Focus Areas (RFAs). Each RFA is developing future concept elements in support of the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen), as defined by the Joint Planning and Development Office (JPDO). In addition, a single, system-level RFA is responsible for integrating concept elements across RFAs in both projects and for assessing system-wide benefits. The primary purpose of this document is to define a common set of metrics for measuring National Airspace System (NAS) performance before and after the introduction of ASP-developed concepts for NextGen as the system handles increasing traffic. The metrics are directly traceable to NextGen goals and objectives as defined by the JPDO and hence will be used to measure the progress of ASP research toward reaching those goals. The scope of this document is focused on defining a common set of metrics for measuring NAS capacity, efficiency, robustness, and safety at the system-level and at the RFA-level. Use of common metrics will focus ASP research toward achieving system level performance goals and objectives and enable the discipline-level RFAs to evaluate the impact of their concepts at the system level."--Page iii.

Download or read book National Airspace System transformation will require cultural change balanced funding priorities and use of all available management tools report to congressional requesters written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book National Airspace System longterm capacity planning needed despite recent reduction in flight delays written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, airline flight delays have been among the most vexing problems in the national transportation system. They reached unprecedented levels in 2000, when one flight in four was delayed. Although bad weather has historically been the main cause of delays, a growing reason has been the inability of the nations air transport system to efficiently absorb all of the aircraft trying to use limited airspace or trying to take off or land at busy airports. Recent events most notably the terrorist attacks on buildings in New York City and Washington, D.C., using hijacked airliners, and the economic slowdown that preceded these attacks have changed the extent of the delay problem, at least for the short term. With many airlines cutting their flights by 20 percent or more, the air transport system is having less difficulty absorbing the volume of flights. Whether the volume of flights will continue at these lowered levels is unknown. However, it is likely that a more robust economy and less public apprehension about flying will lead to renewed demands on the air transport system. If so, concerns about delays and the actions being taken to address them may once again command national attention.

Download or read book National Airspace System Plan written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transformation in the Air written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is currently undertaking a broad program known as Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) to develop, introduce, and certify new technologies into the National Airspace System. NextGen is a fundamentally transformative change that is being implemented incrementally over a period of many years. Currently, the FAA is putting into place the foundation that provides support for the future building blocks of a fully operational NextGen. NextGen is a challenging undertaking that includes ground systems, avionics installed in a wide range of aircraft, and procedures to take advantage of the new technology. Transformation in the Air assesses the FAA's plan for research on methods and procedures to improve both confidence in and the timeliness of certification of new technologies for their introduction into the National Airspace System. This report makes recommendations to include both ground and air elements and document the plan's relationship to the other activities and procedures required for certification and implementation into the National Airspace System.

Download or read book Air Traffic Services written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book National Airspace System written by John H. Anderson and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-04 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FAA undertook a multibillion-dollar modernization effort in 1981, but it has experienced serious delays. To get the modernization effort back on track, the FAA -- in consultation with the aviation community -- is developing a phased approach to modernization, including a new way of managing air traffic known as "free flight." This report reviews: (1) the status of the FAA's efforts to implement free flight, including a planned operational demonstration formerly known as Flight 2000; and (2) the views of the aviation community and FAA on the challenges that must be met to implement free flight in a cost-effective manner. Tables.

Download or read book National Airspace System Plan written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fact3 written by Federal Aviation Federal Aviation Administration and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, FAA convened a team to assess the Nation's future airport capacity needs. This effort, which became known as the Future Airport Capacity Task (FACT), represents a strategic approach to identify the airports that have the greatest need for additional capacity in the future. The identification is based on a macro-level analysis of the factors and trends contributing to congestion and delay at the busiest airports in the Nation. By embarking on this initiative, FAA seeks to ensure that the long-term capacity of the U.S. aviation system can adequately serve future demand. The team is led by the Office of Airports (ARP) and includes active participation from the Air Traffic Organization (ATO) Capacity Analysis Group and the MITRE Corporation's Center for Advanced Aviation System Development (CAASD). The FAA's Office of Aviation Policy and Plans (APO) and the NextGen office (ANG) are also involved in the conduct of the studies. The first report in the series, commonly known as FACT1, was published in 2004 and identified shortfalls in the system through 2020. This study was the first top-down review of the busiest commercial service airports in the Nation. The report's findings supported the need for a substantial number of major airport capacity projects nationwide. After considering all planned improvements at the time, 18 airports were projected as needing additional capacity by 2020. An updated report, FACT2, was published in 2007 to identify shortfalls through 2025. FACT2 included a more transparent methodology and refined analytical methods. Fourteen busy hub airports located in the Nation's most populated regions (such as the Northeast Corridor and California coast) were projected to be capacity-constrained in 2025 even with completion of all planned improvements, as then contemplated. Notably, the report also reaffirmed that key runway projects would allow several hub airports to reduce delays and continue growing; this supported the completion of five new runways that have been commissioned at hub airports since the report's publication. The report provided an initial look at capacity benefits from the Next Generation air traffic control (ATC) system, better known as NextGen. The FAA's investment in NextGen began in 2007. The graphic following the Administrator's letter provides a comparison of the FACT1, 2, and 3 report results. All of the FACT reports have begun with a broad sampling of several hundred commercial service and busy general aviation airports nationwide. From this initial step, a smaller number of airports are identified for more detailed study. Both FACT1 and FACT2 evaluated capacity and delay at 56 airports, including the 35 airports that were part of the now completed Operational Evolution Plan (OEP). FACT3 conducted a more detailed evaluation of 48 airports, including the 30 Core airports that FAA currently tracks as a measure of system performance in the National Airspace System (NAS). Since the publication of FACT2, the aviation industry in the United States has continued to rapidly evolve. Due to the Great Recession and volatile (often higher) fuel costs, airlines have emphasized better ticket yields, fees, and load factors, rather than improved market share as a strategy for profitability. Airlines have consolidated through mergers and have increasingly focused their connecting operations at major hubs. While the use of 50-seat regional jets (RJ) has grown substantially during the last decade, these aircraft are now leaving the fleet due to their higher fuel costs and upcoming major maintenance cycles. Airlines are replacing these smaller RJs with larger RJs and narrow-body aircraft, enabling airlines to accommodate passenger growth but with fewer operations. Collectively, these factors have resulted in relatively flat traffic growth over the last few years.

Download or read book Unmanned Aircraft Systems written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-11 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Measuring Progress and Mitigating Potential Privacy Concerns Would Facilitate Integration Into the National Airspace System

Download or read book Impacts of Technology on the Capacity Needs of the US National Airspace System written by Raymond A. Ausrotas and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: Air passenger traffic in the United States showed remarkable growth during the economic expansion of the 1980's. Each day a million and a quarter passengers board commercial flights. The boom coincided with the advent of airline deregulation in 1978. This drastic change in the industry has inspired professional and newspaper articles, graduate student theses, and books which have discussed the causes, effects, costs, and benefits of deregulation with predictably mixed conclusions. Economists, who like to predict the future by exercising econometric models, are finding that conditions in air transportation have become too dynamic (chaotic?) for their models to cope. Certainly the future of the air transportation industry is unclear. There has been, however, an unmistakable trend toward oligopoly, or, as industry spokesmen describe it, "hardball competition among the major airlines." This trend has been accompanied by formations of hub fortresses owned by these survivors. Air traffic has always been concentrated in a few large cities; airplanes will go where there is a demand for them. But airline (rather than traffic) hubs have created artificial demand. Up to seventy percent of travellers boarding airplanes in the hub cities do not live anywhere near these cities - in fact, they may have no idea at which airport they are changing planes. Most passengers do not care, while travel cognoscenti soon learn to avoid certain airports (and airlines which frequent these airports). A hub airport is a frenzy of activity for short periods of time during the day, as complexes of airplanes descend, park and interchange passengers, and take off. Then the airport lies quietly. If observers were to arrive at a major hub between times of complexes, they would be perplexed to hear that "this is one of the most congested airports in the world." Thus congestion and its evil twin, delay, are not constants in the system. Rather, they appear only if a number of conditions conspire to manifest themselves simultaneously, or nearly so. First, the weather must deteriorate from visual flight conditions to instrument flight conditions. Then, this must occur near peak demand conditions at the airport. Of course, some airports in the Unites States are always near peak conditions, among them the so-called slot constrained airports: New York's La Guardia and Kennedy, Washington's National, and Chicago's O'Hare. When weather goes bad at these airports or other major hubs during complexes, ripple effects start nearly all over the country, because some airlines have now designed schedules to maximize utilization of their airplanes. Very little slack time is built into the schedules to account for potential delays, although "block-time creep" exists: the phenomenon that travellers discover when they arrive at their destinations ahead of schedule (if they happen to leave on time). This "creep" protects the airlines from being branded as laggards by the DOT's Consumer On-Time Performance Data hit list. Thus a combination of management practices by airlines (which place great demand on terminal airspace over a concentrated period of time) and mother nature (which provides currently unpredictable behavior of weather near the airport) conspire to limit the capabilities to handle arrivals and departures at various airports below the numbers that had been scheduled. Travellers complain that the schedules aren't being met, and if enough people complain to Congress, or if the travellers themselves happen to be members of Congress, a national problem appears. How much of a problem is this? In 1988 there were 21 airports, according to the FAA, which exceeded 20,000 hours of annual aircraft delay, perhaps 50,000 hours per year, or 140 hours per day. (One, Chicago's O'Hare, exceeded 100,000 hours.) These airports, in turn, averaged 1,000 operations (arrivals and departures) per day, so that each operation would have averaged about 8 minutes of delay. At O'Hare, for example, 6% of all operations experienced in excess of 15 minutes of delay. (In excess means just that - there is no knowledge of how much "in excess" is.) Conversely, this means that at that most congested airport in the United States, 94% of all airplanes arrive or depart with less than 15 minutes of delay. However, airline delay statistics may be similar to the apocryphal story of the Boy Scout troop which drowned wading across a creek which averaged two feet in depth. There are estimates that on a dollar basis, delay accounts for a $3 billion cost to airlines, or a net societal cost of $5 billion if travellers' wasted time is included. Since in their best years U.S. airlines make about $3 billion in profit, reducing delay is a sure-fire way for airlines to climb out of their all too frequent financial morasses, as well as diminishing their passenger frustrations. Even though all of the numbers mentioned in the paragraphs above are subject to substantial caveats, it is indisputable that on certain days during the year the air transportation system seems to come to a crawl, if not a halt. Travellers either find themselves sitting at airport lounges observing cancellation and delay notices appearing on the departure and arrival screens, or sitting in airplanes (on runways or at gates) being told that there is an "air traffic delay." Old-timers grumble that the only difference twenty years of technology improvements has made to the U.S. airspace system is that the wait is now on the ground instead of circling in the air near their destinations. To the casual observer, it would appear that a number of solutions exist to solve this problem. The most obvious is to pour more concrete: more airports, more and longer runways, more taxiways, more gates and terminals. This is analogous to widening highways and building more interstates for ground transportation congestion. The concrete solution, alas, runs into both financial and citizen roadblocks. It is very expensive - the latest airport coming off the drawing boards (Denver International) carries a tag of some $2 billion, with about $400 million of that in bonds being backed by a new funding creature, the Passenger Facility Charge (a head tax of up to 3 dollars assessed to every passenger enplaning at an airport - voluntary or not). The citizen roadblock is community objections to airport noisiness. The bill creating the PFC in 1990 also carried with it a mandate for the FAA to create a national noise policy so that individual airports would not wreak havoc with the whole system by creating their own local operational rules, such as curfews. The bill also attempted to pacify airport neighborhoods by setting a deadline for all U.S. aircraft to be quiet(er) - complying with Stage 3 regulations by the year 2000. More damaging than financial difficulties are the anti-noise sentiments, and the concomitant not-in-my-backyard syndrome, that are at the forefronts of protests of either an alert citizenry, or New Age Luddites, when any expansion plans are made public. Whatever one's view, it is a crowd vocal and seemingly powerful enough in local political circles to stop any large- scale progress to ground solutions of the congestion problem. That, then, leaves the air. It is intuitive that if airplanes were closer spaced than they are now, much more traffic would move through a given area in the same amount of time, and consequently airplanes would land (and take off) quicker, reducing any waiting (queue) time. This obviously increases airport noise levels. There are two problems with this approach. The first trick is to accomplish this safely. Safety has at least two dimensions: there is the physical, i.e., airplanes should not run into each other (or the ground, as a result of weather disturbances and wake vortices); and pilots (and controllers) should feel they are still in control of the situation, even after separation standards are reduced. The first aspect is mostly a matter of technology, the second mostly a matter of human factors. But if traffic moved quicker and noise of the aircraft is not reduced, the same citizens who had vehemently opposed the construction of additional ground facilities would once again rise in righteous anger and demand a stop to the more efficient techniques of flying airplanes which have caused an increase in the noise levels in their neighborhood. They, too, must be considered. This report will attempt to address some of the issues outlined above. The focus will be on technology and where it is best suited to provide an equitable and efficient expansion of capacity in the air transportation system. Ultimately, the discussion will be centered on NASA's potential contributions to solving the capacity problem

Download or read book Design for the National Airspace Utilization System written by United States. Federal Aviation Agency. Systems Research and Development Service and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessing the Risks of Integrating Unmanned Aircraft Systems UAS into the National Airspace System written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-10-04 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When discussing the risk of introducing drones into the National Airspace System, it is necessary to consider the increase in risk to people in manned aircraft and on the ground as well as the various ways in which this new technology may reduce risk and save lives, sometimes in ways that cannot readily be accounted for with current safety assessment processes. This report examines the various ways that risk can be defined and applied to integrating these Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) into the National Airspace System managed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). It also identifies needs for additional research and developmental opportunities in this field.