Download or read book Measurement of the Glass Dissolution Rate in the Presence of Alteration Phases written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissolution rate of LD6-5412 glass was measured at 90{circ}C in the presence of its alteration phases with the Product Consistency Test (PCT) Method B, the Vapor Hydration Test (VHT), and the Accelerated Dissolution Test (ADT). Alteration phases formed during the PCTs and VHTs, but variations in the time required for their nucleation resulted in large uncertainties in the measured rates. The alteration phases are generated separately for use in the SDTs, so the measured rates are not affected by the kinetics of alteration phase nucleation. The rates measured in the PCTs, VHTs, and ADTs were 0.4 g/(m2{sm_bullet}d) (a lower bound), 2 g/(m2{sm_bullet}d) (extrapolated from the results of tests run at high temperatures), and 1.4 g/(m2{sm_bullet}d), respectively. The solution pHs were about 12 in all the tests.
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Glass written by J. David Musgraves and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-08 with total page 1851 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides comprehensive treatment of the current state of glass science from the leading experts in the field. Opening with an enlightening contribution on the history of glass, the volume is then divided into eight parts. The first part covers fundamental properties, from the current understanding of the thermodynamics of the amorphous state, kinetics, and linear and nonlinear optical properties through colors, photosensitivity, and chemical durability. The second part provides dedicated chapters on each individual glass type, covering traditional systems like silicates and other oxide systems, as well as novel hybrid amorphous materials and spin glasses. The third part features detailed descriptions of modern characterization techniques for understanding this complex state of matter. The fourth part covers modeling, from first-principles calculations through molecular dynamics simulations, and statistical modeling. The fifth part presents a range of laboratory and industrial glass processing methods. The remaining parts cover a wide and representative range of applications areas from optics and photonics through environment, energy, architecture, and sensing. Written by the leading international experts in the field, the Springer Handbook of Glass represents an invaluable resource for graduate students through academic and industry researchers working in photonics, optoelectronics, materials science, energy, architecture, and more.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect of Alteration Phase Formation on the Glass Dissolution Rate written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissolution rates of many glasses have been observed to increase upon the formation of certain alteration phases. It is important to understand the mechanism by which alteration phases affect glass corrosion behavior and the glass dissolution rate to reliably predict whether or not similar effects will occur in a disposal environment and the impact of phase formation on the long-term performance of waste glass. While solid state transformation of a glass to thermodynamically more stable phases in kinetically prohibitive, contact by water provides an energetically favorable pathway for this transformation to occur by a dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism. The kinetics of the transformation depends on the dissolution kinetics of the glass and the precipitation kinetics of the alteration phases. The rates of these two processes are linked primarily through the solution activity of orthosilicic acid (and perhaps also that of an aluminum-bearing species).
Download or read book The Alteration of the SON68 Reference Waste Glass in Silica Saturated Conditions and in the Presence of Water Vapor written by James Joseph Neeway and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Natural Analogue Studies in the Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes written by W.M. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first purpose of this book is to provide a comprehensive review of the state of development of natural analogue studies with emphasis on those studies which are relevant to the following repository designs: Nagra (Switzerland) disposal concepts for high-level waste/low and intermediate-level waste; SKB (Sweden) disposal concepts for spent fuel/low and intermediate-level waste; and Nirex (UK) disposal concept for low and intermediate-level waste.The book's second aim is to discuss the expanding application of natural analogues for non-performance assessment purposes, especially their potential for presenting the concept of geological disposal to various interested audiences in a coherent, understandable and scientifically legitimate manner.Much of the discussion of the book is relevant to concepts for geological disposal of radioactive wastes by other countries, and is concerned only with those physico-chemical processes which control the release of radionuclides from the near-field, and their subsequent retardation and transport in the geosphere.
Download or read book The Office of Environmental Management Technical Reports A Bibliography written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Environmental Management's (EM) technical reports bibliography is an annual publication that contains information on scientific and technical reports sponsored by the Office of Environmental Management added to the Energy Science and Technology Database from July 1, 1994 through June 30, 1995. This information is divided into the following categories: Focus Areas, Cross-Cutting Programs, and Support Programs. In addition, a category for general information is included. EM's Office of Science and Technology sponsors this bibliography.
Download or read book High Level Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Issues and Waste Management Technologies in the Materials and Nuclear Industries XII written by Alex Cozzi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents a special collection of articles from a select group of invited prominent scientists from academia, national laboratories and industry who presented their work at the symposia on Environmental and Energy Issues at the 2008 Materials Science and Technology (MS&T’08) conference held in Pittsburgh, PA. These articles represent a summary of the presentations focusing on topics in nuclear, environmental, and green engineering were held, including a discussion of Waste Glass Leach Testing and Modeling.
Download or read book Environmental Issues and Waste Management Technologies in the Ceramic and Nuclear Industries written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consists of proceedings of various symposia held during the Annual Meeting of the American Ceramic Society.
Download or read book Dissolution Rates of DWPF Glasses from Long term PCT written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have characterized the corrosion behavior of several Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) reference waste glasses by conducting static dissolution tests with crushed glasses. Glass dissolution rates were calculated from measured B concentrations in tests conducted for up to five years. The dissolution rates of all glasses increased significantly after certain alteration phases precipitated. Calculation of the dissolution rates was complicated by the decrease in the available surface area as the glass dissolves. We took the loss of surface area into account by modeling the particles to be spheres, then extracting from the short-term test results the dissolution rate corresponding to a linear decrease in the radius of spherical particles. The measured extent of dissolution in tests conducted for longer times was less than predicted with this linear dissolution model. This indicates that advanced stages of corrosion are affected by another process besides dissolution, which we believe to be associated with a decrease in the precipitation rate of the alteration phases. These results show that the dissolution rate measured soon after the formation of certain alteration phases provides an upper limit for the long-term dissolution rate, and can be used to determine a bounding value for the source term for radionuclide release from waste glasses. The long-term dissolution rates measured in tests at 20,000 per m at 90 °C in tuff groundwater at pH values near 12 for the Environmental Assessment glass and glasses made with SRL 131 and SRL 202 frits, respectively.
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Wastes and Natural Analogues written by W. Miller and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-09 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries are currently exploring the option to dispose of highly radioactive solid wastes deep underground in purpose built, engineered repositories. A number of surface and shallow repositories for less radioactive wastes are already in operation. One of the challenges facing the nuclear industry is to demonstrate confidently that a repository will contain wastes for so long that any releases that might take place in the future will pose no significant health or environmental risk. One method for building confidence in the long-term future safety of a repository is to look at the physical and chemical processes which operate in natural and archaeological systems, and to draw appropriate parallels with the repository. For example, to understand why some uranium orebodies have remained isolated underground for billions of years. Such studies are called 'natural analogues'. This book investigates the concept of geological disposal and examines the wide range of natural analogues which have been studied. Lessons learnt from studies of archaeological and natural systems can be used to improve our capabilities for assessing the future safety of a radioactive waste repository.
Download or read book Uhlig s Corrosion Handbook written by R. Winston Revie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-12 with total page 1299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a reference for engineers, scientists, and students concerned with the use of materials in applications where reliability and resistance to corrosion are important. It updates the coverage of its predecessor, including coverage of: corrosion rates of steel in major river systems and atmospheric corrosion rates, the corrosion behavior of materials such as weathering steels and newer stainless alloys, and the corrosion behavior and engineering approaches to corrosion control for nonmetallic materials. New chapters include: high-temperature oxidation of metals and alloys, nanomaterials, and dental materials, anodic protection. Also featured are chapters dealing with standards for corrosion testing, microbiological corrosion, and electrochemical noise.
Download or read book Advances in Transport Phenomena written by Liqiu Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term transport phenomena is used to describe processes in which mass, momentum, energy and entropy move about in matter. Advances in Transport Phenomena provide state-of-the-art expositions of major advances by theoretical, numerical and experimental studies from a molecular, microscopic, mesoscopic, macroscopic or megascopic point of view across the spectrum of transport p- nomena, from scientific enquiries to practical applications. The annual review series intends to fill the information gap between regularly published journals and university-level textbooks by providing in-depth review articles over a broader scope than in journals. The authoritative articles, contributed by international- leading scientists and practitioners, establish the state of the art, disseminate the latest research discoveries, serve as a central source of reference for fundamentals and applications of transport phenomena, and provide potential textbooks to senior undergraduate and graduate students. The series covers mass transfer, fluid mechanics, heat transfer and thermo- namics. The 2009 volume contains the four articles on biomedical, environmental and nanoscale transports. The editorial board expresses its appreciation to the c- tributing authors and reviewers who have maintained the standard associated with Advances in Transport Phenomena. We also would like to acknowledge the efforts of the staff at Springer who have made the professional and attractive pr- entation of the volume. Serial Editorial Board Editor-in-Chief Professor L. Q. Wang The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; lqwang@hku. hk Editors Professor A. R. Balakrishnan Indian Institute of Technology Madras, India Professor A.
Download or read book High Level Radioactive Waste Management written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by American Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 1996 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection contains 178 papers on the technical and societal impacts of high-level radioactive waste presented at the Seventh Annual International Conference on High Level Radioactive Waste Management, held in Las Vegas, Nevada, April 29-May 3, 1996.
