Download or read book Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature and Galactic Emission at 8 0 and 8 3 GHZ with the ARCADE 2 Experiment written by Jack Edward Singal and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents a measurement of the radiometric temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and of the intensity of Galactic emission at 8.1 and 8.3 GHz. These are the science results of the first flight of the ARCADE 2 instrument, on which the author's design, fabrication, and data analysis work forms the basis of this dissertation.

Download or read book Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature at 1 47 GHz written by Marc John Bensadoun and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature at 1 47 GHz written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A radiofrequency-gain total power radiometer measured the intensity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at a frequency of 1.47 GHz (20.4 cm wavelength) from White Mountain, California, in September 1988 and from the South Pole, Antarctica, in December 1989. The CMB thermodynamic temperature, TCMB, is 2.27 {plus minus} 0.25 K (68% C.L.) measured from White Mountain and 2.26 {plus minus} 0.21 K from the South Pole site. The combined result is 2.27 {plus minus} 0.19 K. The correction for galactic emission has been derived from scaled low-frequency maps and constitutes the main source, of error. The atmospheric signal is found by extrapolation from zenith scan measurements at higher frequencies. The result is consistent with previous low-frequency measurements, including a measurement at 1.41 GHz (Levin et al. 1988) made with an earlier version of this instrument. The result is -2.5? ( -l% probability) from the 2.74 {plus minus} 0.02,K global average CMB temperature.

Download or read book A Low frequency Measurement of the Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation written by Steven Mark Levin and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation At3 8 GHz Results of a Measurement from the South Pole Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Measurement of the Temperature of the Cosmic MicrowaveBackground at a Frequency of 7 5 GHz written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have measured the intensity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at a frequency of 7.5 GHz (wavelength 4.0 cm) using a ground-based, total power radiometer calibrated at the horn aperture by an external cryogenic reference target. The radiometer measured the difference in antenna temperature between the reference target and the zenith sky from a dry, high-altitude site. Subtraction of foreground signals (primarily atmospheric and galactic emission) measured with the same instrument leaves the CMB as the residual. The radiometer measured the atmospheric antenna temperature by correlating the signal change with the airmass in the beam during tip scans. The small galactic signal was subtracted based on extrapolation from lower frequencies, and was checked by differential drift scans. The limiting uncertainty in the CMB measurement was the effect of ground radiation in the antenna sidelobes during atmospheric measurements. The thermodynamic temperature of the CMB at 7.5 GHz is 2.59 ± 0.07 K (68% confidence level).

Download or read book Measurements of the Anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation on Degree Angular Scales written by Andre Charles Clapp and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Spectral Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background written by Alan John Kogut and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Foregrounds with the Planck and BOORERanG Experiments written by Marcella Veneziani and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cosmic Micro wave Background (CMB) is one of the main observables in cosmology. Many experiments are aimed at studying its temperature and polarization fluctuations. Several components. called foregrounds, pollute the CMB signal. Using measurements at multiple frequencies, the foregrounds can be studied and removed from the CMB. In the first part of my thesis I collaborated in the characterization and calibration of the focal plane of the High Frequency Instrument of PLANCK in order to measure the orientation and polarization efficiency of the detectors. Understanding these quantities is very important for the analysis of future PLANCK data, especially for the polarization analysis. In the second part of my thesis I worked on BOOMERanG 2003 (B03) data focusing on the science of foregrounds. At B03 frequencies, the brightest signal besides the CMB is the emission of thermal dust from our own Galaxy. Combining B03 data with other experiments I measured the temperature and spectral index of emissivity of several dust structures. I found two different temperature components, and an inverse correlation between dust temperature and spectral index. The B03 frequencies range is also well suited to study the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. The SZ is the inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons by hot electrons in galaxy clusters. I separated the SZ component from the others present in this region and frequency range, produced a multi-frequency power spectrum, and used it to constrain the our understanding of matter fluctuations in the Universe.

Download or read book Measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Temperature At1 47 GHz written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Simultaneous Measurements of Atmospheric Emissions at 10 33 and 90 GHz written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a larger experiment to measure the cosmic microwave background radiation spectrum, frequent simultaneous measurements of the microwave thermal emission from the earth's atmosphere were made at three fixed frequencies, namely, 10 GHz, 33 GHz and 90 GHz. We performed these measurements at two separate locations, Berkeley and White Mountain, which greatly differed in altitude and climatic conditions. Typical values measured in Berkeley of the atmospheric antenna temperature during good weather are 3.13 +- 0.30°K, 12.3 +- 0.3°K and 34.6 +- 0.5°K, for 10, 33, and 90 GHz respectively. Corresponding values measured at White Mountain are 1.15 +- 0.1°K, 4.51 +- 0.18°K and 11.0 +- 0.2°K. Because the measurements are simultaneous in nature, correlations between the measurements taken at the various frequencies provide constraints on models of the microwave emission of the earth's atmosphere, especially models describing atmospheric emission as a function of precipitable water content.

Download or read book 3K The Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation written by R. B. Partridge and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-07-13 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review covering all aspects of the study of the cosmic background radiation remnant of the hot Big Bang origin of the Universe.

Download or read book Precision Measurements of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization to Study Cosmic Inflation and Large Scale Structure written by Darcy Riley Barron and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) are a powerful tool to study and understand our universe. Detailed characterizations of the temperature of the CMB played a key role in the development of the current standard cosmological model, Lambda CDM. Although this model, along with the standard model of particle physics, describes much of the observed large-scale structure of the universe and its evolution, there are still gaps in our understanding. The next step for answering many of these outstanding questions in cosmology and particle physics lies in the characterization of the CMB B-mode polarization pattern. This faint signal is expected to be imprinted at the formation of the CMB by inflationary gravitational waves in the early universe. Detection of this primordial B-mode signal would not only be the first direct evidence for inflation, but would also constrain inflationary models and determine the energy scale of inflation. Gravitational lensing of CMB E-mode polarization by intervening matter also produces a secondary B-mode polarization signal at smaller angular scales. This signal traces large scale structure in the universe, with information about the distribution and composition of matter. This dissertation describes research in instrumentation, observations, and data analysis for measurements of the CMB B-mode signal, including work on three generations of experiments in this rapidly evolving field. Analysis of the galactic plane and CMB multi-frequency data from the BICEP1 CMB polarization telescope helped further our understanding of polarized CMB foregrounds by studying polarized galactic emission and the structure of the galactic magnetic field. The deployment and first season of observations with the POLARBEAR-1 instrument, a CMB polarization telescope, are described. This instrument reached a milestone in sensitivity with our measurement of a non-zero B-mode polarization power spectrum. Finally, this thesis discusses the design and development of the POLARBEAR-2 instrument, a new receiver with expanded capabilities and sensitivity, scheduled to deploy alongside POLARBEAR-1 in 2016.

Download or read book A Measurement of the Cosmic Background Radiation Temperature At3 0 Cm written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We describe a measurement of the cosmic background radiation temperature at a wavelength of 3.0 cm. The experiment was made in conjunction with measurements at four other wavelengths in an effort to measure the long wavelength spectrum to high accuracy. The result at 3 cm, T{sub CBR} = 2.91 ± 0.19 K, is in good agreement with the values at neighboring wavelengths, and consistent with previous results.

Download or read book Background Microwave Radiation and Intracluster Cosmology written by F. Melchiorri and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2006-01-24 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is devoted to the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (S-Z) effect, and important related topics in cluster and CMB research. S-Z science is about to be significantly enhanced by unique, multi-faceted cluster and cosmological yield, at a level of precision in accord with the high standards of the current era that was heralded by spectacular achievements in cosmological CMB research. The pedagogical reviews and technical seminars included in this volume represent most of the important current topics in S-Z work and in the astrophysics of clusters. The publication touches upon all relevant aspects of the S-Z effect and its use as a precise cluster and cosmological probe. To commemorate the 40th anniversary of the detection of the CMB by Penzias and Wilson (in 1964), there is a chapter devoted to the history of this discovery. In his fascinating account of their work, he outlines also some lessons pertinent to current scientific issues. Other chapters discuss very interesting related observational work in Europe and the US.

Download or read book The Infrared and Submillimetre Sky after COBE written by M. Signore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Les Houches, France, March 20-30, 1991

Download or read book The Cosmic Microwave Background 25 Years Later written by N. Mandolesi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the result of a Meeting held in L'Aquila (Italy) from the 19th to the 23rd of June 1989. The aim of the Meeting was to gather together the people actively working on the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, both from an experimental and from a theoretical point of view. In view of the intensive current activity in this field, including ongoing (COBE) and forthcoming (RELIC II, ISO, AELITA, etc. ) space missions, a meeting fully dedicated to this important topic was timely. The meeting also celebrated the 25th anniversary of the Microwave Background discovery made in 1964 by the Nobel Prize winners A. Penzias and R. Wilson. We greatly regret that we were not able to have them at the Meeting. There is of course another person whose absence we regret, namely R. H. Dicke, who motivated a generation of experimentalists and theoreticians to open and study this new field of research. As organizers of the Meeting, we would like to express our gratitude to the people who contributed to its success. We want to thank the members of the Scientific Organizing Committee for their assistance, suggestions and encouragement, the invited speakers for their excellent presentations, and the chairmen for their help in handling the various Sessions. We would like to thank P. Palazzi for her help in secretarial work, dr. L.