Download or read book Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by 2 m 2 my M Doppler Lidar written by Igor Smalikho and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by 2 m63m 2 my M Doppler Lidar written by Igor Smalikho and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by 2 mym Doppler Lidar written by Igor Smalikho and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of atmospheric turbulence by 2 m Doppler lidar written by Igor Smalikho and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coherent Doppler Wind Lidars in a Turbulent Atmosphere written by Viktor Banakh and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2013-09-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiophysical tools for measuring atmospheric dynamics include sodars, Doppler radars, and Doppler lidars. Among these, coherent Doppler lidars (CDLs) have been considered the best for remote measurement of wind turbulence. This is important not only for understanding the exchange processes in the boundary layer, but also in the applied aspect, such as aviation safety. CDLs significantly extend possibilities of experimental investigation of not only wind turbulence, but also coherent structures such as aircraft wake vortices. The authors of this book conducted field tests of the developed methods of lidar measurements of the wind velocity, atmospheric turbulence parameters, and aircraft wake vortices. This valuable resource, containing over 500 equations based on original results from the authors’ work, gives professionals a comprehensive description of the operating principles of continuous wave and pulsed coherent Doppler lidars. This book studies the possibilities of obtaining information about wind turbulence from data measured by continuous wave and pulsed CDLs. The procedures for estimation are described, as well as algorithms for numerical simulation. Results on the vortex behavior and evolution are then presented.
Download or read book Measurement of Atmospheric Turbulence by Doppler Lidar written by Friedrich Köpp and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of Wind and Turbulence Measurements from Doppler Lidar and Instrumented Aircraft written by and published by . This book was released on 198? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploratory Meeting on Airborne Doppler Lidar Wind Velocity Measurements written by George H. Fichtl and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relation of Infrared Doppler Lidar to Remote Wind Measurements in the Turbulent Atmosphere written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The performance of a coherent Doppler lidar is affected by the atmosphere. Refractive index inhomogeneities limit the effective aperture of our system to 15.5 cm + or - 4% on the average for a 2.6 km horizontal path 2 m above the surface under daytime conditions. Effective aperture scales as range to the -3/5 power. A differential Doppler technique can measure the wind vector in a single atmospheric volume with three (or mor) closely-spaced beams. This method works even when the distribution of velocities in the volume is wider than the velocity separation from beam angle differences. The structure function for backscatter and wind inhomogeneities scales approximately as r to the 2/3 power between the minimum detectable scale in our experiment and an outer scale of 100 to 500 m, depending on atmospheric condition. (Author).
Download or read book Exploratory Meeting on Airborne Doppler Lidar Wind Velocity Measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Optimizing Dual Doppler Lidar Measurements of Surface Layer Coherent Structures with Large Eddy Simulations written by Stawiarski, Christina and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coherent structures are patterns in the wind field of the atmospheric boundary layer. The deployment of two scanning Doppler lidars facilitates the measurement of the horizontal wind field, but the inherent averaging processes complicate an interpretation of the results. To assess the suitability of this technique for coherent structure detection large-eddy simulations are used as a basis for virtual measurements, and the effects of the lidar technique on the wind field structure are analyzed.
Download or read book Estimating Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence in the Marine Environment Using Lidar Systems with Applications for Offshore Wind Energy written by Praneeth Gurumurthy and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimating turbulence in the marine-atmospheric boundary layer is critical to many industrial, commercial and scientific fields, but of particular importance to the wind energy industry. Contributing to both the efficiency of energy extraction and the life-cycle cost of the turbine itself, turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer is estimated within the wind energy industry as Turbulence Intensity (TI) and more recently by Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE). Traditional in-situ methods to measure turbulence are extremely difficult to deploy in the marine environment, resulting in a recent movement to and dependence on remote sensing methods. One type of remote sensing instrument, Doppler lidars, have shown to reliably estimate the wind speed and atmospheric turbulence while being cost effective and easily deployable, and hence are being increasingly utilized as a standard for wind energy assessments. In this thesis, the ability of lidars to measure turbulence up to a height of 200 m above mean sea level in the marine-atmospheric boundary layer was tested using a 7-month data set spanning winter to early summer. Lidar-based TI and TKE were estimated by three methods using observations from a highly validated lidar system and compared under both convective and stable atmospheric stability conditions. Convective periods were found to have higher turbulence at all the heights compared to stable conditions, while mean wind speed and shear were higher during stable conditions. The study period was characterized by generally low turbulent conditions with high turbulence events occurring at timescales of a few days. Mean vertical profiles of TKE were non-uniformly distributed in height during low turbulent conditions. During highly turbulent events, TKE increased more strongly with height. The definition of TI--following the industry or meteorology conventions -- had no real effect on the results, and differences between cup or sonic anemometers and lidar TI values were small except at low wind speeds. All the three lidar-based TKE methods tested corresponded closely to independent estimates, and differences between the methods were small relative to the temporal variability of TKE observed at the offshore site.
Download or read book Analysis of the Uncertainty in Wind Measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Doppler Lidar During XPIA written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March and April of 2015, the ARM Doppler lidar that was formerly operated at the Tropical Western Pacific site in Darwin, Australia (S/N 0710-08) was deployed to the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory (BAO) for the eXperimental Planetary boundary-layer Instrument Assessment (XPIA) field campaign. The goal of the XPIA field campaign was to investigate methods of using multiple Doppler lidars to obtain high-resolution three-dimensional measurements of winds and turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer, and to characterize the uncertainties in these measurements. The ARM Doppler lidar was one of many Doppler lidar systems that participated in this study. During XPIA the 300-m tower at the BAO site was instrumented with well-calibrated sonic anemometers at six levels. These sonic anemometers provided highly accurate reference measurements against which the lidars could be compared. Thus, the deployment of the ARM Doppler lidar during XPIA offered a rare opportunity for the ARM program to characterize the uncertainties in their lidar wind measurements. Results of the lidar-tower comparison indicate that the lidar wind speed measurements are essentially unbiased (~1cm s-1), with a random error of approximately 50 cm s-1. Two methods of uncertainty estimation were tested. The first method was found to produce uncertainties that were too low. The second method produced estimates that were more accurate and better indicators of data quality. As of December 2015, the first method is being used by the ARM Doppler lidar wind value-added product (VAP). One outcome of this work will be to update this VAP to use the second method for uncertainty estimation.
Download or read book Lidar written by Claus Weitkamp and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2006-06-03 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experts in optical radar, or lidar, this book brings all the recent practices up-to-date. With a Foreword by one of the founding fathers in the area. Its broad cross-disciplinary scope should appeal to scientists ranging from the view of optical sciences to environmental engineers. Optical remote sensing has matured to become a lead method for cross-disciplinary research. This new multi-authored book reviews the state-of-the-art in a readable monograph.
Download or read book Atmospheric Boundary Layer Flows written by J. C. Kaimal and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text gives a simple view of the structure of the boundary layer, the instruments available for measuring its mean and turbulent properties, how best to make the measurements, and ways to process and analyze the data.
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications written by Charlotte Bay Hasager and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue “Atmospheric Conditions for Wind Energy Applications” hosts papers on aspects of remote sensing for atmospheric conditions for wind energy applications. Wind lidar technology is presented from a theoretical view on the coherent focused Doppler lidar principles. Furthermore, wind lidar for applied use for wind turbine control, wind farm wake, and gust characterizations is presented, as well as methods to reduce uncertainty when using lidar in complex terrain. Wind lidar observations are used to validate numerical model results. Wind Doppler lidar mounted on aircraft used for observing winds in hurricane conditions and Doppler radar on the ground used for very short-term wind forecasting are presented. For the offshore environment, floating lidar data processing is presented as well as an experiment with wind-profiling lidar on a ferry for model validation. Assessments of wind resources in the coastal zone using wind-profiling lidar and global wind maps using satellite data are presented.
Download or read book Lidar Measurement of Optical Turbulence written by Robert R. Beland and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
