Download or read book Materials for Accelerator Technologies Beyond the Niobium Family written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three niobium-based materials make up the entire present portfolio of superconducting technology for accelerators: Nb-Ti and Nb3Sn magnet wires and pure niobium for RF cavities. Because these materials are at a high level of maturity, limits imposed by the boundaries of their superconductivity constrain the energy reach of accelerators to several TeV. We sketch here a plan for targeted development of emerging higher field and higher temperature superconductors that could enable accelerators at significantly higher energies. Niobium-based superconductors are the crucial enablers of present accelerators. The Nb-Ti LHC dipole and quadrupole wires, with transition temperature T{sub c} of 9 K and upper critical field H{sub c2} of 15 T, represent the highest form of superconductor strand art: massive, quarter-ton conductor billets are drawn from 300 mm diameter to (almost equal to)1 mm as a single, multi-kilometer-long piece, while retaining uniformity of the several thousand Nb-Ti filaments to within 5% at the scale of a few micrometers. Strands are twisted into fully transposed cables with virtually no loss, preserving a carefully tuned nanostructure that generates the high flux-pinning forces and high current densities to enable high magnetic fields. Nb3Sn, with twice the T{sub c} and H{sub c2}, is now approaching this level of conductor art, where over the last 5 years the LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) and the Next European Dipole (NED) program have demonstrated that Nb3Sn can be made into 4 meter long quadrupoles with 12 T fields and 250 T/m gradients. Linear accelerators at TJNAF, ORNL (SNS), and under construction for the European XFEL exploit niobium superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) technology, with gradients at (almost equal to)20 MV/m. Tremendous research and development is underway to realize high-power goals for Project X at FNAL and for a possible ILC at 35 MV/m gradients. Despite these impressive achievements, the very maturity of these niobium-based technologies makes them incapable of additional leaps from the several-TeV scale. Nb-Ti is already nearly perfect and operates at the limit of the superconducting phase. Further perfection of Nb cavities and Nb3Sn magnets might provide 50 % growth in energy, based on proof-of-principle demonstrations that approach theoretical limits, e.g. 52 MV/m gradient in re-entrant Nb cavities and 18 T dipoles made from Nb3Sn strand. However, operation close to superconducting margins is risky, and cost tradeoffs to execute such a high degrees of perfection are likely to be negative.
Download or read book Materials Engineering and Science written by Brian S. Mitchell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-11-14 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Engineering and Science Understand the relationship between processing and material properties with this streamlined introduction Materials engineering focuses on the complex and crucial relationship between the physical properties of materials and the chemical bonds that comprise them. Specifically, this field of study seeks to understand how materials can be designed to meet specific design and performance criteria. This ‘materials paradigm’ has, in recent years, become integral to numerous cutting-edge areas of technological development. Materials Engineering and Science seeks to introduce this vital and fast-growing subject to a new generation of scientists and engineers. It integrates core thermodynamic, kinetic, and transport principles into its analysis of the structural, mechanical, and physical properties of materials, creating a streamlined and intuitive approach that fosters understanding. Now fully revised to reflect the latest research and educational paradigms, this is an essential resource. Readers of the second edition will also find: Detailed discussion of all major classes of materials, including polymers, composites, and biologics New and expanded treatment of nanomaterials, additive manufacturing (3D printing), and molecular simulation Web-based and physical supplementary materials including an instructor guide, solutions manual, and sample lecture slides Materials Engineering and Science is ideal for all advanced undergraduate and early graduate students in engineering, materials science, and related subjects.
Download or read book Superconducting Super Collider written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1090 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nature s Building Blocks written by John Emsley and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A readable, informative, fascinating entry on each one of the 100-odd chemical elements, arranged alphabetically from actinium to zirconium. Each entry comprises an explanation of where the element's name comes from, followed by Body element (the role it plays in living things), Element ofhistory (how and when it was discovered), Economic element (what it is used for), Environmental element (where it occurs, how much), Chemical element (facts, figures and narrative), and Element of surprise (an amazing, little-known fact about it). A wonderful 'dipping into' source for the familyreference shelf and for students.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nb3Sn Accelerator Magnets written by Alexander V Zlobin and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is written by world-recognized experts in the fields of applied superconductivity and superconducting accelerator magnet technologies. It provides a contemporary review and assessment of the experience in research and development of high-field accelerator dipole magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor over the past five decades. The reader attains clear insight into the development and the main properties of Nb3Sn composite superconducting wires and Rutherford cables, and details of accelerator dipole designs, technologies and performance. Special attention is given to innovative features of the developed Nb3Sn magnets. The book concludes with a discussion of accelerator magnet needs for future circular colliders.; Broadens our understanding of design and performance limits of high-field Nb3Sn accelerator magnets for a future very high energy hadron collider Offers beginners a concise overview of the relevant design concepts for a new generation of superconducting accelerator magnets based on Nb3Sn superconductor Illustrates the complete process of accelerator magnet design and fabrication Provides a contemporary review and assessment of the past experience with Nb3Sn high-field dipole accelerator magnets Identifies the main open R&D issues for Nb3Sn high-field dipole magnets This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.
Download or read book RF Superconductivity for Accelerators written by Hasan Padamsee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-26 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces some of the key ideas of this exciting field, using a pedagogic approach, and presents a comprehensive overview of the field. It is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the basic concepts of microwave cavities for particle acceleration. The second part is devoted to the observed behavior of superconducting cavities. In the third part,general issues connected with beam-cavity interaction and the related issues for the critical components are covered. The final part discusses applications of superconducting cavities to frontier accelerators of the future, drawing heavily on the examples that are in their most advanced stage. Each part of the book ends in a Problems section to illustrate and amplify text material as well as draw on example applications of superconducting cavities to existing and future accelerators.
Download or read book High Temperature Refractory Metals written by William Anthony Krivsky and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Development written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Secretary s Annual Report to Congress written by United States. Department of Energy and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1096 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Particle Odyssey written by Frank Close and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-11-11 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. The world of particle physics 2. Voyage into the atom 3. The structure of the atom 4. The extraterrestrials 5. The cosmic rain 6. The challenge of the big machines 7. The particle explosion 8. Colliders and image chambers 9. From charm to top 10. The 'whys' of particle physics 11. Futureclash 12. Particles at work Table of particles Further reading/acknowledgements Picture credits Index
Download or read book Hydrogen Storage Materials written by R. G. Barnes and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ames Laboratory, Iowa, USA
Download or read book Metals and Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NSA is a comprehensive collection of international nuclear science and technology literature for the period 1948 through 1976, pre-dating the prestigious INIS database, which began in 1970. NSA existed as a printed product (Volumes 1-33) initially, created by DOE's predecessor, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC). NSA includes citations to scientific and technical reports from the AEC, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration and its contractors, plus other agencies and international organizations, universities, and industrial and research organizations. References to books, conference proceedings, papers, patents, dissertations, engineering drawings, and journal articles from worldwide sources are also included. Abstracts and full text are provided if available.
Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Stephen Myers and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-01 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third open access volume of the handbook series deals with accelerator physics, design, technology and operations, as well as with beam optics, dynamics and diagnostics. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A,B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access.
Download or read book Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants and Some Mathematical Functions written by George William Clarkson Kaye and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Opportunities in High Magnetic Field Science written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-08-26 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-field magnetsâ€"those that operate at the limits of the mechanical and/or electromagnetic properties of their structural materialsâ€"are used as research tools in a variety of scientific disciplines. The study of high magnetic fields themselves is also important in many areas such as astrophysics. Because of their importance in scientific research and the possibility of new breakthroughs, the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assess the current state of and future prospects for high-field science and technology in the United States. This report presents the results of that assessment. It focuses on scientific and technological challenges and opportunities, and not on specific program activities. The report provides findings and recommendations about important research directions, the relative strength of U.S. efforts compared to other countries, and ways in which the program can operate more effectively.
