Download or read book Marketing for services theoretical aspects and practical examples from European low fare airlines written by Andreas Klein and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 2, University of Applied Sciences Essen, course: International Management, language: English, abstract: Introduction In recent years, a growing economic importance of services especially in western countries could be observed. This increasing importance of the service sector will continue. It is predicted that a positive balance of additional employment in the next years will only be reached in the service sector. One practical example for the growing importance of services is the European aviation industry. Formerly exclusively dominated by a small number of state-aided airlines, the liberalisation of the industry during the 1990s’ was the starting point for a new era in the aviation industry. The airlines had to face competition and an innovative new sector developed itself to meet the customer needs by offering flights for affordable prices. In 2010 it is expected that the share of low fare air traffic in Europe will reach over 40%. The no-frills-concept of low fare airlines also generated new demand. In 2002 59% of the passengers of low fare airlines would not have travelled by air if the cheap tickets would not have been available. Goals of this study and Approach This study will describe the special characteristics of services and the requirements for marketing activities in the service sector compared to other areas. Thereby, special attention will be paid to low fare airlines, which have contributed to the increasing importance of the service sector in general and the aviation service sector in particular due to the reasons already mentioned. Firstly, the required terms in the context of service marketing will be described and different theoretical approaches will be presented. Several possibilities to define the main terms in the context of this case study will be given. Secondly, the special requirements of service marketing will be shown and compared to the marketing of products. Thirdly, the history and current situation of the low fare airline business will be shown and explained. Afterwards, the special challenges in the marketing of low fare airlines will be discussed. Solutions and possible approaches for a successful marketing of low fare airlines will be presented. The main focus will be on the expansion of the classical marketing mix, i.e. the 3 P people, physical facilities and process management. Finally, a brief outlook will be given which describes possible future developments and highlights several important fields, to which companies should pay attention.

Download or read book Marketing Differences Between Traditional Airlines and Low cost Airlines in Europe written by Nils Kernchen and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-08 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: A-, ESG Management School, Paris, 33 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: European Media is writing daily articles about the situation of the European airline business. The European airline market is, at the moment, with all the important changes and actual turbulences, the most dynamic industry sector. Some of these changes are: The creation of new low-cost airlines in Europe, like Germanwings (Germany), Volareweb (Italy), and Sky Europe (Slovakia); The disappearance and bankruptcy of airlines, such as V-Bird (Netherlands) and Swissair; Air France merges with KLM to become the worlds biggest airline group; A significant increase of purchases of airplanes by Arabic airlines. This thesis focuses on the low-cost airlines, which arrived in Europe during the last 10 years and changed micro and macro environment of the airline business. Low-cost airlines like Ryanair and EasyJet make big profits while Alitalia, British Airways, Air France, and Lufthansa are having enormous problems. The general opinion is that low-cost airlines are successful because of its lower cost in production, and therefore of its lower price they can offer to the customers. The thesis will show that the cost factor is not the only reason for the success of low-cost airlines: "Being cheap is not enough" The objective of the thesis is to find other reasons which explain the success of low-cost airlines by analysing the marketing development of European low-cost airlines with its strategies, positioning, customer satisfaction etc. Of special interest: The question how the low-cost trend changes the marketing and the behaviour of the traditional airlines and how do the customers react. As reaction to this trend the traditional airlines are reducing at the moment costs in salary, distribution, maintenance etc. to survive. Th

Download or read book Airport Marketing written by Nigel Halpern and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the airport sector has moved from an industry characterised by public sector ownership and national requirements, into a new era of airport management which is beginning to be dominated by the private sector and international players. Airports are now complex enterprises that require a wide range of business competencies and skills to meet the needs of their users, just as with any other industry. Moreover, deregulation of air transport markets has made the airport sector much more competitive and given airports greater incentives to develop innovative, proactive and aggressive marketing strategies so that they can reap the benefits from these developments. New types of airline business model, such as low cost carriers, have emerged through deregulation, which in many cases require a completely different approach to be adopted by airport marketers and have encouraged a further deviation from past practice. The travelling public is also becoming more experienced and is generally placing greater demands on the airport operator to deliver a quality product at a time when more stringent controls, especially as regards security, have been introduced. This accessible book fills an important need for an up-to-date, comprehensive and in-depth textbook that introduces students and practitioners to the principles and practice of airport marketing as well as the major changes and future marketing challenges facing the airport sector. It applies principles of marketing within the airport industry, and examines airport marketing and its environment, how to define and measure the market for airport services, airport marketing planning, and individual elements of the airport marketing mix (product, price, promotion and distribution). The book integrates key elements of marketing theory with airport marketing in practice. Each chapter contains extensive industry examples for different types of airports from around the world to build on the theoretical base of the subject and show real-life applications. The dynamic nature of the airport industry requires students and practitioners to have a thorough, up-to-date and contemporary appreciation of airport marketing issues and challenges. This comprehensive, accessible textbook written by two airport marketing experts satisfies this need and is essential reading for air transport students and future managers.

Download or read book Ryanair and its low cost flights in Europe written by Sascha Mayer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-06-19 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,0, University of the Sunshine Coast Queensland (Business Faculty), course: Marketing Management, language: English, abstract: The purpose of this report is to provide a Marketing Plan for Ryanair, which is developed to strengthen the company’s position in the market. It is precisely tailored to the company’s actual organizational situation and its market environment. The report deals with analyses of Ryanair Holdings plc and its core business – low cost flights – with regards to get a status of its performance and the actual market situation in order to develop a suitable and successful marketing strategy. Ryanair offers low cost passenger flights within Europe. The airline serves short haul, point-to-point routes between Ireland, the UK and Continental Europe. Our idea is it to keep the product as simple as possible. Passengers travel ticketless without any frills in one class without any seat – it is simple air transportation from A to B. The external environment in Europe favors Ryanair and the entire low-cost airline market with an air traffic growth of up to 20%. Regarding the competitive environment Ryanair - with a clear strategy and structure - gains in importance and already became the market leader in the intra-European low-cost airline market – closed-packed with Easyjet and followed by Air Berlin. With its 35 Mio passengers in 2006 and an excellent profitability on a high level of 20% is growing healthy and shows strong financial reserves of more than €2 billion. Our customer is anyone within Europe in the age between 15 and 64, who wants to save money and still be able to travel by air to attractive destinations. This awareness of different passenger types requires marketing campaigns that cover all categories of potential customers. With this in mind we developed a Marketing Plan with specific tactical marketing activities. We have ambitious goals and objectives for further growth and market penetration in Europe within a time frame of 6 years till 2012. On the one hand we plan to raise the market share within the low cost sector up to 40%. With our growing fleet of 200 airplanes in 2012, we want to double our annual passenger transportation to 80 million by then. On the other side we plan to eliminate the rest of our costly call centers and base the distribution only on online booking. These concrete plans base on a realistic financial plan.The included best and worst case scenarios illustrate clearly that with implementing and executing all activities properly, the airline can quadruple its annual profit up to €1,230 billion in 2012.

Download or read book Strategic Marketing Concepts of Airlines in the German Passenger Market Present Challenges written by Susanne Bölke and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-03-24 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Bremen, course: Internationales Management, language: English, abstract: On the German passenger market, airlines approach different business concepts in order to cope with the threats and to be successful. The case of the Lufthansa Passenger Airline and its subsidiary Germanwings has been discussed many times currently. Together they have implemented a restructured concept of the Low Cost Carrier Germanwings in order to overcome their weaknesses. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential of economic success of this strategy change. Therefore, the paper comprises three main areas. The first one is the theoretical part, which explains the differences between Full Service Network Carriers, Low Cost Carriers, Regional Carriers and Leisure Carriers. Secondly, the analysis takes place by applying Porter’s five forces model. Subsequently, the strengths and weaknesses of the Lufthansa Passenger Airline and Germanwings are highlighted and the new business concept is introduced. Finally, all findings are put into relation using the SWOT-analysis.

Download or read book Travel Marketing Tourism Economics and the Airline Product written by Mark Anthony Camilleri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to travel marketing, tourism economics and the airline product. At the same time, it provides an overview on the political, socio-economic, environmental and technological impacts of tourism and its related sectors.This publication covers both theory and practice in an engaging style, that will spark the readers’ curiosity. Yet, it presents tourism and airline issues in a concise, yet accessible manner. This will allow prospective tourism practitioners to critically analyze future situations, and to make appropriate decisions in their workplace environments. Moreover, the book prepares undergraduate students and aspiring managers alike with a thorough exposure to the latest industry developments. “Dr. Camilleri provides tourism students and practitioners with a clear and comprehensive picture of the main institutions, operations and activities of the travel industry.” Philip Kotler, S.C. Johnson & Son Distinguished Professor of International Marketing, Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston/Chicago, IL, USA “This book is the first of its kind to provide an insightful and well-structured application of travel and tourism marketing and economics to the airline industry. Student readers will find this systematic approach invaluable when placing aviation within the wider tourism context, drawing upon the disciplines of economics and marketing.” Brian King, Professor of Tourism and Associate Dean, School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong “The remarkable growth in international tourism over the last century has been directly influenced by technological, and operational innovations in the airline sector which continue to define the nature, scale and direction of tourist flows and consequential tourism development. Key factors in this relationship between tourism and the airline sector are marketing and economics, both of which are fundamental to the success of tourism in general and airlines in particular, not least given the increasing significance of low-cost airline operations. Hence, uniquely drawing together these three themes, this book provides a valuable introduction to the marketing and economics of tourism with a specific focus on airline operations, and should be considered essential reading for future managers in the tourism sector.” Richard Sharpley, Professor of Tourism, School of Management, University of Central Lancashire, UK “The book's unique positioning in terms of the importance of and the relationships between tourism marketing, tourism economics and airline product will create a distinct niche for the book in the travel literature.” C. Michael Hall, Professor of Tourism, Department of Management, Marketing and Entrepreneurship, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand “A very unique textbook that offers integrated lessons on marketing, economics, and airline services. College students of travel and tourism in many parts of the world will benefit from the author's thoughtful writing style of simplicity and clarity.” Liping A. Cai, Professor and Director, Purdue Tourism & Hospitality Research Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA “An interesting volume that provides a good coverage of airline transportation matters not always well considered in tourism books. Traditional strategic and operational issues, as well as the most recent developments and emerging trends are dealt with in a concise yet clear and rational way. Summaries, questions and topics for discussion in each chapter make it a useful basis for both taught courses or self-education.” Rodolfo Baggio, Professor of Tourism and Social Dynamics, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy “This is a very useful introductory book that summarises a wealth of knowledge in an accessible format. It explains the relation between marketing and economics, and applies it to the business of airline management as well as the tourism industry overall.” Xavier Font, Professor of Sustainability Marketing, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Surrey, UK and Visiting Professor, Hospitality Academy, NHTV Breda, Netherlands “This book addresses the key principles of tourism marketing, economics and the airline industry. It covers a wide range of theory at the same time as offering real-life case studies, and offers readers a comprehensive understanding of how these important industries work, and the underpinning challenges that will shape their future. It is suitable for undergraduate students as well as travel professionals, and I would highly recommend it.” Clare Weeden, Principal Lecturer in Tourism and Marketing at the School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, UK “In the current environment a grasp of the basics of marketing to diverse consumers is very important. Customers are possessed of sophisticated knowledge driven by innovations in business as well from highly developed technological advances. This text will inform and update students and those planning a career in travel and tourism. Mark Camilleri has produced an accessible book, which identifies ways to accumulate and use new knowledge to be at the vanguard of marketing, which is both essential and timely.” Peter Wiltshier, Senior Lecturer & Programme Leader for Travel & Tourism, College of Business, Law and Social Sciences, University of Derby, UK “This contemporary text provides an authoritative read on the dynamics, interactions and complexities of the modern travel and tourism industries with a necessary, and much welcomed, mixture of theory and practice suitable for undergraduate, graduate and professional markets.” Alan Fyall, Orange County Endowed Professor of Tourism Marketing, University of Central Florida, FL, USA

Download or read book INNOVATIONS IN TOURISM THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS written by Roik Oksana and published by International Science Group. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the sphere of tourism in Ukraine has been going through difficult times. The Covid-19 pandemic has become a challenge for the tourism industry, making domestic travel more popular in Ukraine, as it will take some time to resume international tourism. In the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic and the need to adhere to quarantine restrictions and social distance, it became expedient to develop such types of tourism as green (rural) and ecological tourism. To this end, the “Guidelines (Protocol) for the provision of rural green tourism services (rural hospitality) in the corona- and post-coronavirus period” were developed, which states that: “Within 2020 – the year of tourism development in rural areas, NGO Rural Green Tourism in Ukraine” in cooperation with the National Tourism Organization of Ukraine joined the global initiative of the World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) #Safe travels. Experts of the Union and the EU Project Geographical Indications in Ukraine and partners developed a Protocol to adapt the work of farmsteads with priority to protect human health and effectively mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its implementation will allow the owners of rural estates that provide rural green tourism services: to take effective practical measures to reduce the risk of coronavirus disease COVID-19 as owners of rural estates, their families, and tourists; to gain additional competitive advantage, guaranteeing the tourist increased attention to the protection of his health; to improve the quality of rural green tourism services (rural hospitality) taking into account the sanitary and hygienic requirements and the requirements of social distancing. The next terrible event for Ukraine was the war. On February 24, 2022, the Russian Federation launched a full-scale, aggressive war against Ukraine on the land, sea, and the air using units of the armed forces, heavy ground weapons, including long-range artillery, missiles, naval ships, and military aircraft. The invasion has already resulted in significant civilian casualties, mass destruction, and damage to Ukraine’s infrastructure and natural heritage. Russian troops are attacking peaceful Ukrainian towns and villages from various directions, including the temporarily occupied Donbas and Crimea and the north-eastern region. This is an act of war, an attack on the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, and a gross violation of the UN Charter and fundamental norms and principles of international law. Russia’s military action is undoubtedly an unjustified and unprovoked act of aggression against independent and sovereign Ukraine, as well as a violation of all existing norms of international law on nature protection, sustainable development, humanitarian law, basic morals, and principles of human coexistence. In addition to the most obvious consequences of the war in many regions of Ukraine, such as deaths, destruction of homes, general destruction, and poverty, the war worsens the country’s economic situation, threatens the environment, and worsens social living conditions. Therefore, at the current stage of economic development and given the current situation in the world, it is important for the survival of businesses in the war in Ukraine is the search for modern methods and tools for managing business processes, which should be based on the principles of their adaptation to changing conditions innovative technologies. Service companies respond extremely quickly to changes and new challenges, which are characterized by a significant level of dynamism, diversification of offers in the services market, and fierce competition. Therefore, innovations are transformed into a decisive factor in determining new technologies for managing business processes of enterprises in the service sector of the regions, in particular the hotel and restaurant and tourism business. Henderson I. L., Avis M. and Tsui W. K. T., Wikhamn W., Armbrecht J. and Wikhamn B. R., Sipe L. J., Verreynne M. L., Williams A. M., Ritchie B. W., Gronum S. and Betts K. S., Thomas R. and Wood E. are considered the application of innovation potential and substantiation of economic need for innovations. Charkina T. Yu. Martseniuk L.V. Zadoia V.O. and Pikulina O.V., Smyrnov I., Liubitseva O., Kulinyak I., Zhigalo I., Yarmola K., Hrebeniuk H., Charkina T., Martseniuk L., Pikulina O. have proposed some solutions in the innovative management of enterprises and the formation of the technological component through the introduction of information systems and models, economic mechanism of sustainable tourism, marketing management of tourism enterprises, and organizational aspects of the tourism market, partially highlighting innovation strategy. The works of these authors are a significant contribution to the development of the theory of innovative management of tourism enterprises. However, today there are a limited number of publications on the development of innovations in tourism in wartime. The paper contains a review of various scientific approaches to definition of the term «innovation in tourism», to classifying innovations and evaluating the innovation activity of enterprises, to find out their applicability in the tourism industry. The author’s review of the literature sources allows for outlining the features of innovations in tourism, originating from their service character and the focus on improving interactions with consumer, for the best possible satisfaction of consumer needs, and for determining their role in increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in the tourism industry. In order to achieve the goal, the following tasks have been defined: to investigate the categorical apparatus of the concept of “innovation in tourism” (it will define the essence of this category); to offer a classification of types of innovations in the tourism business on the basis of the views of both domestic and foreign scholars; to provide a basic model for the development of innovations in the field of tourism services. The essence of the innovative approach in tourism is the creation of new and improvement of existing services, development of new markets, strategic business alliances, active introduction of modern information technology, new forms and methods of management. The effective use of innovations will lead to the creation of competitive tourism products and services both in the national and international markets. The expert evaluation study results of the innovation implementation state by tourism enterprises of the region are presented, the essence of which is the need to significantly expand and strengthen the innovation activity sphere, which should fulfil a connecting function between science, tourism business, state authorities and local governments. The practical application of such a proposal in the innovative development of the tourism sector will not only increase the competitiveness of the enterprise but also evaluate the feasibility of introducing new types of tourism products and services.

Download or read book Handbook of Low Cost Airlines written by Sven Gross and published by Erich Schmidt Verlag GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2007 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Destination Marketing in Contemporary Europe written by John Heeley and published by Channel View Publications. This book was released on 2015 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aiming to unite theory and practice, this volume addresses the gap between the academic literature on urban destination marketing and the manner in which it is actually undertaken by destination marketing organisations (DMOs). It includes 21 in-depth interviews with senior DMO executives, to allow practitioners to describe in their own words how they conduct their marketing activities.

Download or read book Airline Marketing and Management written by Stephen Shaw and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through six previous editions, Airline Marketing and Management has established itself as the leading textbook for students of marketing and its application to today's airline industry, as well as a reference work for those with a professional interest in the area. Carefully revised, the seventh edition of this internationally successful book examines an exceptionally turbulent period for the industry. It features new material on: *Changes in customer needs, particularly regarding more business travellers choosing - or being forced - to travel economy, and analysis of the bankruptcy of 'All Business Class' airlines. * An explanation of the US/EU 'Open Skies' agreement and analysis of its impact. *The increase in alliance activity and completion of several recent mergers, and the marketing advantages and disadvantages that have resulted. * Product adjustments that airlines must make to adapt to changes in the marketing environment, such as schedule re-adjustments and the reconfiguration of aircraft cabins. *Changes in pricing philosophies, with, for example, airlines moving to 'A La Carte' pricing, whereby baggage, catering and priority boarding are paid for as extras. *Airline websites and their role as both a selling and distributing tool. *The future of airline marketing. A review of the structure of the air transport market and the marketing environment is followed by detailed chapters examining business and marketing strategies, product design and management, pricing and revenue management, current and future distribution channels, and selling, advertising and promotional policies. The reader will benefit from greater understanding of both marketing and airline industry jargon and from knowledge obtained regarding the extraordinary strategic challenges now facing aviation. Written in a straightforward, easy-to-read style and combining up-to-date and relevant examples drawn from the worldwide aviation industry, this new edition will further enhance the book's reputation for providing the ideal introduction to the subject.

Download or read book Business Essentials written by BPP Learning Media and published by BPP Learning Media. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This course book introduces the key aspects of marketing, including the concept and process of marketing, segmentation, targeting and positioning, the extended marketing mix and market segments and contexts.Features include summary diagrams, worked examples and illustrations, activities, discussion topics, chapter summaries and quick quizzes, all presented in a user friendly format that helps to bring the subject to life.

Download or read book Marketing in Travel and Tourism written by Victor T.C. Middleton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-05-23 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, the best-selling text, Marketing in Travel and Tourism, explains the principles and practice of marketing as they are increasingly being applied in the global travel and tourism industry. Building on the success of previous editions, the authors have completely revised the text to reflect the changes in the travel and tourism industry in the 21st century. International examples and case studies drawn from recent practice in several countries are used throughout the text. Case studies emphasising the role of ICT include: Microburners, Travel Inn (budget hotels), RCI Europe, the Balearic Islands, and ICT and the role of the Internet in international NTO strategies. With its comprehensive content and user friendly style, Marketing in Travel and Tourism third edition takes the reader from an initial definition of the subject matter through to the application of marketing in the travel and tourism industry, discussing crucial components such as planning strategy and the marketing mix, making it an indispensable text for both students and practitioners alike.

Download or read book Aviation Systems written by Andreas Wittmer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-17 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide comprehensive coverage of the field of air transportation, giving attention to all major aspects, such as aviation regulation, economics, management and strategy. The book approaches aviation as an interrelated economic system and in so doing presents the “big picture” of aviation in the market economy. It explains the linkages between domains such as politics, society, technology, economy, ecology, regulation and how these influence each other. Examples of airports and airlines, and case studies in each chapter support the application-oriented approach. Students and researchers in business administration with a focus on the aviation industry, as well as professionals in the industry looking to refresh or broaden their knowledge of the field will benefit from this book.

Download or read book Marketing Information Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tourism Marketing in Western Europe written by Nikolaos Boukas and published by CABI. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tourism is characterized by diversity, enormous growth, and multidimensional impacts on several levels. In the current turbulent environment, tourism destinations need, on the one hand to maintain and enhance their products in the tourism map, and on the other hand, to protect their resources' integrity for future generations, based on sustainability premises. This is more evident for traditional destinations in Western-Europe, as many of them face the consequences of over-growth, unsustainable development, and lack of service quality. In this respect, attention in the literature needs to be given to how destinations in the region can conceptualize and mitigate their weaknesses as well as capitalize on their competences in order to plan, develop and manage tourism products that could lead them to sustainable competitiveness in the long-term. The book is of significant interest to those researching and working within the area of tourism marketing, but also of interest to students who are seeking wider reading on the topic.

Download or read book Airline Business in the 21st Century written by Rigas Doganis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-06-28 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the major issues that will affect the airline industry in this new millennium. It tells of an industry working on low margins and of cut-throat competition resulting from 'open skies'. Among the issues discussed are: * the low-cost airline * the impact of electronic commerce * the debate on global airline alliances * privatizing state-owned airlines * the creation of a Trans Atlantic Common Aviation area Most importantly, the book carefully analyzes the strategies that are needed for airlines to succeed in the twenty-first century. This is essential reading for anyone interested in aviation.

Download or read book Digital and Social Media Marketing written by Nripendra P. Rana and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-11 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines issues and implications of digital and social media marketing for emerging markets. These markets necessitate substantial adaptations of developed theories and approaches employed in the Western world. The book investigates problems specific to emerging markets, while identifying new theoretical constructs and practical applications of digital marketing. It addresses topics such as electronic word of mouth (eWOM), demographic differences in digital marketing, mobile marketing, search engine advertising, among others. A radical increase in both temporal and geographical reach is empowering consumers to exert influence on brands, products, and services. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and digital media are having a significant impact on the way people communicate and fulfil their socio-economic, emotional and material needs. These technologies are also being harnessed by businesses for various purposes including distribution and selling of goods, retailing of consumer services, customer relationship management, and influencing consumer behaviour by employing digital marketing practices. This book considers this, as it examines the practice and research related to digital and social media marketing.