Download or read book Competition Law in New Zealand written by Chris Noonan and published by . This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 1214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Competition Law in New Zealand is complete a statement and analysis of competition law and policy and economic regulation in New Zealand. Focusing on the Commerce Act 1986, and including analysis of the recently passed Commerce (Cartels and Other Matters) Amendment Act 2017, as well as the Telecommunications Act 2001 and the Dairy Industry Restructuring Act 2001, the book explores the origins and application of the legislation and the underlying economic concepts. This is a significant text bringing together the necessary practical elements of competition law with in-depth scholarly analysis. By doing so it demystifies the complexities of New Zealand's system of competition and economic regulation at the same time as providing a resource for deeper research and understanding of competition law.
Download or read book Proof of Antitrust Markets in Australia written by Caron Beaton-Wells and published by Federation Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the evidence involved in proving the existence of an antitrust market under the Australian Trade Practices Act 1974. An antitrust market is a complex eco-legal concept. Proof of such a market is a critical issue that must be tackled in assessing whether business conduct is anti-competitive for the purposes of the Act. It is an issue that arises in most jurisdictions in which competition legislation exists, including New Zealand, the United States and the European Community. Proof of Antitrust Markets in Australia is the first comprehensive analysis of the evidentiary dimensions of this important issue. It provides significant practical insights for lawyers, economists, judges, regulators and business people concerning the evidence required to establish antitrust markets to the satisfaction of the courts. The challenges involved in presenting evidence from industry, consumers, statistical studies, and expert witnesses are each explored in detail. The insights conveyed in the book indicate that while the approach taken by Australian courts to the evidence on this issue may be correct in principle, it lacks rigour in practice. The author makes a range of recommendations as to how the approach could be improved. This particular aspect of the book should be of interest to scholars in the field of competition law generally.
Download or read book The Antitrust Paradox written by Robert Bork and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-22 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important book on antitrust ever written. It shows how antitrust suits adversely affect the consumer by encouraging a costly form of protection for inefficient and uncompetitive small businesses.
Download or read book Business and Commerce Code written by Texas and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interstate Commerce Act written by Karl Knox Gartner and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market definition and market power in the platform economy written by Jens-Uwe Franck and published by Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE). This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rise of digital platforms and the natural tendency of markets involving platforms to become concentrated, competition authorities and courts are more frequently in a position to investigate and decide merger and abuse cases that involve platforms. This report provides guidance on how to define markets and on how to assess market power when dealing with two-sided platforms. DEFINITION Competition authorities and courts are well advised to uniformly use a multi-markets approach when defining markets in the context of two-sided platforms. The multi-markets approach is the more flexible instrument compared to the competing single-market approach that defines a single market for both sides of a platform, as the former naturally accounts for different substitution possibilities by the user groups on the two sides of the platform. While one might think of conditions under which a single-market approach could be feasible, the necessary conditions are so severe that it would only be applicable under rare circumstances. To fully appreciate business activities in platform markets from a competition law point of view, and to do justice to competition law’s purpose, which is to protect consumer welfare, the legal concept of a “market” should not be interpreted as requiring a price to be paid by one party to the other. It is not sufficient to consider the activities on the “unpaid side” of the platform only indirectly by way of including them in the competition law analysis of the “paid side” of the platform. Such an approach would exclude certain activities and ensuing positive or negative effects on consumer welfare altogether from the radar of competition law. Instead, competition practice should recognize straightforwardly that there can be “markets” for products offered free of charge, i.e. without monetary consideration by those who receive the product. ASSESSMENT The application of competition law often requires an assessment of market power. Using market shares as indicators of market power, in addition to all the difficulties in standard markets, raises further issues for two-sided platforms. When calculating revenue shares, the only reasonable option is to use the sum of revenues on all sides of the platform. Then, such shares should not be interpreted as market shares as they are aggregated over two interdependent markets. Large revenue shares appear to be a meaningful indicator of market power if all undertakings under consideration serve the same sides. However, they are often not meaningful if undertakings active in the relevant markets follow different business models. Given potentially strong cross-group external effects, market shares are less apt in the context of two-sided platforms to indicate market power (or the lack of it). Barriers to entry are at the core of persistent market power and, thus, the entrenchment of incumbent platforms. They deserve careful examination by competition authorities. Barriers to entry may arise due to users’ coordination failure in the presence of network effect. On two-sided platforms, users on both sides of the market have to coordinate their expectations. Barriers to entry are more likely to be present if an industry does not attract new users and if it does not undergo major technological change. Switching costs and network effects may go hand in hand: consumer switching costs sometimes depend on the number of platform users and, in this case, barriers to entry from consumer switching costs increase with platform size. Since market power is related to barriers to entry, the absence of entry attempts may be seen as an indication of market power. However, entry threats may arise from firms offering quite different services, as long as they provide a new home for users’ attention and needs.
Download or read book The Australian Trade Practices Act 1974 written by D.K. Round and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of papers which evaluate the achievements of the Australian Trade Practices Act 1974 in making Australian markets more competitive. The contributors have all played major roles in Australian and New Zealand antitrust actions, either as expert economic witnesses, as antitrust enforcers, as judges or as quasi-judicial administrators. No other publication presents such in-depth economic analysis of the Act and the cases decided under it in its first two decades of its operation. As well as an introductory paper, this collection includes a foreword by the Hon. George Gear, Assistant Treasurer of the Australian Government and Minister responsible for the administration of the Act, plus two broad analytical overviews of the last two decades of Australian antitrust actions by two economists who have continually been at the heart of antitrust proceedings. In addition, papers are provided which give a judicial view of the Act and economic analysis, which compare the Act with its New Zealand counterpart. Other contributions look in detail at those sections of the Act which cover mergers, misuse of market power, price-fixing and vertical practices. The book shows that the Act has had a major impact on Australian market behavior. Judges, lawyers and economists between them have produced a truly Australian approach to antitrust, which has reflected overseas trends in both law and economics, as well as developed a unique Australian flavor. The book will be of interest to academic and practicing lawyers and economists, judges and corporate executives. It will be essential reading for Australian students in undergraduate courses in antitrust law, business regulation, antitrust economics and industrial organization. It provides by far the most comprehensive economic evaluation of Australian antitrust yet published and so will be the definitive source of information on this topic for non-Australians interested in comparative antitrust legislation and enforcement issues.
Download or read book The World Trading System Administered protection written by Robert Howse and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1998 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 = Historical and conceptual foundations ; Volume 2 = Dispute settlement in the world ; Volume 3 = Administered protection ; Volume 4 = The Uruguay round and beyond.
Download or read book Competition Law at the Turn of the Century written by Mark Newman Berry and published by Victoria University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers brings together the lessons learned from New Zealand's Commerce Act 1986 and its principal subsequent amendments. Providing concise analysis of those amendments, and of topics relating to the original Commerce Act, it pays particular attention to the introduction of economic regulation into the electricity and telecommunication markets. This volume outlines the impact of the Ministry of Economic Development on the effectiveness of the Commerce Act, international perspectives on competition law and methods for administering penalties in competition law cases.
Download or read book A Framework for the Design and Implementation of Competition Law and Policy written by R. S. Khemani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dynamic and competitive environment, underpinned by competition law policy, is an essential characteristic of successful market economies. To satisfy the growing demand for information on current approaches and practices in competition law policy, the project "Framework for the Design and Implementation of Competition Law-Policy" was initiated by the World Bank, with participation by OECD. This ensuing volume reflects the main issues that arise in design and implementation of competition law and policy in order to assist countries in developing an approach that suits their own needs and conditions. The views articulated in this publication suggest that the administration and enforcement of competition law policy should assign the greatest importance to fostering economic efficiency and consumer welfare.
Download or read book Marketing Law written by Peter Gillies and published by Federation Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marketing Law covers Australian and applicable international laws applying to manufacturing, packaging, labelling, advertising, promotion, pricing and the sale of goods and services. The authors outline the applicable legal principles and legislation, and cover the extensive case law, with extracts of critical cases.There are 12 chapters: The Expression of Ideas - Copyright, Branding, Designs and Inventions, Consumer Protection, Defamation, Confidential Information, Unfair Selling Practices, Product Liability, Arrangements Restricting Competition, Exclusive Dealing, Misuse of Market Power, and Insurance.Topics covered include:statutory frameworks applying to copyright, designs, trade marks and patents; the common law tort of passing off applying to unfair selling practices; confidential information; potential defamatory liability; legislation in relation to product quality and liability; trade practices laws and the responsibilities of marketers; restrictive trade practices, with specific emphasis on the prohibitions on arrangements restricting competition, exclusive dealing and misuse of market power.
Download or read book Business Markets and Government in the Asia Pacific written by Yun-Peng Chu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the thorny issues of industrial organisation, competition policy and liberalization in the Asia-Pacific region, this book examines the ways in which governments regulate business. Using case studies from China, the USA, New Zealand, Thailand, Malaysia and Japan, the authors take a comparative look at the evolution of policies and their implementation on the ground. With a specific focus on the energy, transport and telecommuncations sectors, this book represents the most up-to-date analysis of the ways in which governments in the Asia-Pacific are coping with rapid industrial and economic change.
Download or read book Competition Policy for Small Market Economies written by Michal S. GAL and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Michal Gal's thorough analysis shows the effects of market size on competition policy, ranging from rules of thumb to more general policy prescriptions, such as goals and remedial tools. Competition policy in small economies is becoming increasingly important, since the number of small jurisdictions adopting such policy is rapidly growing. Gal's focus extends beyond domestic competition policy to the evaluation of the current trend toward the worldwide harmonization of policies.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Australian Competition and Consumer Legislation 2011 written by Australia and published by CCH Australia Limited. This book was released on 2011 with total page 1953 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australian Competition and Consumer Legislation (previously the Australian Trade Practices Legislation) is an essential publication of competition and consumer law. Key features include: Legislative developments explained in clear history notes in each section; Acts are easy to navigate in order to locate relevant provisions, with explanatory square bracket headings for legislation subsections; essential competition and consumer law developments are comprehensively included, and easy-to-read format facilitates the usability and understanding of this collection of legislation.
Download or read book Competition Law in New Zealand written by Anna Kingsbury and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Derived from the renowned multi-volume International Encyclopaedia of Laws, this practical analysis of competition law and its interpretation in the New Zealand covers every aspect of the subject – the various forms of restrictive agreements and abuse of dominance prohibited by law and the rules on merger control; tests of illegality; filing obligations; administrative investigation and enforcement procedures; civil remedies and criminal penalties; and raising challenges to administrative decisions. Lawyers who handle transnational commercial transactions will appreciate the explanation of fundamental differences in procedure from one legal system to another, as well as the international aspects of competition law. Throughout the book, the treatment emphasizes enforcement, with relevant cases analysed where appropriate. An informative introductory chapter provides detailed information on the economic, legal, and historical background, including national and international sources, scope of application, an overview of substantive provisions and main notions, and a comprehensive description of the enforcement system including private enforcement. The book proceeds to a detailed analysis of substantive prohibitions, including cartels and other horizontal agreements, vertical restraints, the various types of abusive conduct by the dominant firms and the appraisal of concentrations, and then goes on to the administrative enforcement of competition law, with a focus on the antitrust authorities’ powers of investigation and the right of defence of suspected companies. This part also covers voluntary merger notifications and clearance decisions, as well as a description of the judicial review of administrative decisions. Its succinct yet scholarly nature, as well as the practical quality of the information it provides, make this book a valuable time-saving tool for business and legal professionals alike. Lawyers representing parties with interests in the New Zealand will welcome this very useful guide, and academics and researchers will appreciate its value in the study of international and comparative competition law.
Download or read book Promoting Competition in Global Markets written by Peter John Lloyd and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sheds new light on a major issue on the international trade policy agenda - the promotion and defence of competition in globalizing markets.
