Download or read book Maritime Nuclear Deterrence Submarine launched Ballistic Missiles in the South China Sea written by Michael Paul and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: China has a modest nuclear deterrent in terms of cost and scale, compared to the United States and Russia. Beijing does not strive for the ability to conduct nuclear wars, but rather seeks to deter aggression at a low level with a secure second strike capability. In contrast to its rapid conventional armament, China has in the past modernized its nuclear weapons systems only slowly and in small numbers. It apparently does not strive for equality with the nuclear weapons capability of the US or Russia and wants to avoid a symmetrical arms race. Recently, however, the Chinese leadership has been pursuing an increasingly ambitious policy of asymmetric nuclear armament. Land-based, long-range ballistic missiles are being deployed in a mobile mode and equipped with manoeuvrable multiple warheads; hypersonic weapon systems are being developed, and submarines are now also being equipped with strategic nuclear weapons. New missiles can reach the US, even if launched from the South China

Download or read book China s Future Nuclear Submarine Force written by Lyle J Goldstein and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2012-04-30 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key concerns of naval strategists and planners today is the nature of the Chinese geostrategic challenge. Conceding that no one can know for certain China s intentions in terms of future conflict, the editors of this hot-topic book argue that the trajectory of Chinese nuclear propulsion for submarines may be one of the best single indicators of China s ambitions of global military power. Nuclear submarines, with their unparalleled survivability, remain ideal platforms for persistent operations in far-flung sea areas and offer an efficient means for China to project power. This collection of essays presents the latest thinking of leading experts on the emergence of a modern nuclear submarine fleet in China. Each contribution is packed with authoritative data and cogent analysis. The book has been compiled by four professors and analysts at the U.S. Naval War College who are co-founders of the college s recently established China Maritime Studies Institute. Given the opaque nature of China s undersea warfare development, readers will benefit from this penetrating investigation that considers the potential impact of even the most revolutionary changes in Chinese nuclear submarine capabilities. The editors believe that to ignore such possibilities would be the height of strategic folly and represent inexcusable negligence in terms of U.S. national defense. Anyone who is interested in the future of the U.S. Navy and the defense of the United States will find this book to be essential reading.

Download or read book EVOLUTION OF THE US SEA BASED NUCLEAR MISSILE DETERRENT WARFIGHTING CAPABILITIES written by GEORGE J. REFUTO and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2011-08-12 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This historical research study traces and analyzes the technological development and force deployment of US submarine-launched strategic nuclear ballistic missiles, and the evolution of their military missions - during and after the Cold War - from countervalue (civilian, political and economic targets) strategic deterrence to the wider range of strategic and theater-tactical nuclear/conventional military force targeting, characteristic of counterforce or warfighting capabilities. Scope of this study also includes: US nuclear ballistic missile submarine survivability against antisubmarine warfare operations, and the role of the US fleet ballistic missile force in current 21st Century regional and global military threat scenarios, and beyond.

Download or read book Tracing the Undersea Dragon written by Amit Ray and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive study of the development of China’s nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs). It offers insights into the secretive world of nuclear submarines and ballistic missiles of the Chinese (PLA) Navy and studies how these are likely to grow in the next two decades. The volume examines the technological origins of the design and development of Chinese nuclear submarines, ballistic missiles, and their naval construction capabilities. It provides an analysis of the underlying Chinese nuclear doctrine, China’s maritime geographical constraints for submarine operations, and the credibility of its sea-based deterrence. It draws upon strategy, nuclear policy, technology, geography, and operational considerations to holistically predict the likely SSBN force levels of the PLA Navy for various scenarios. The book also assesses the spectrum of threats likely from the undersea domain for India and other nations in the Indo-Pacific region. A key text on an obscure but vital facet of Chinese defence studies, this book will be useful for scholars and researchers of strategic affairs, international relations and disarmament studies, peace and conflict studies, geopolitics, foreign policy, Indo-Pacific studies, and diplomacy.

Download or read book Russian Soviet Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles Nuclear Deterrence Counter Force Strike written by Hugh Harkins and published by . This book was released on 2018-02-04 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2017, the sea based element of the Russian Federation nuclear deterrent triad was well advanced in its modernisation with the introduction of Project 955 Borey Strategic Missile Carrier submarines armed with the RMS-56 Bulava submarine launched ballistic missile. The Project 955/Bulava was introduced as a replacement for the Project 677BDR Strategic Missile Carrier submarines armed with R-29RKU-1/2 ballistic missiles and the Project 667BDRM Strategic Missile Carrier submarines armed with R-29RMU1/2/2.1 ballistic missiles. The Project 677BDR was on the verge of retirement whilst the Project 667BDRM was set to serve, in reducing numbers, well into the third decade of the twenty first century and possibly beyond, with an upper out of service date of 2030. The sole operational Project 941U Akula Heavy Ballistic Missile (Submarine) Cruiser remained in service in an operational/trials role with no out of service date announced by the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation was the major successor state from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991. This latter state introduced the world's first submarine launched ballistic missile and submarine based ballistic missile platform to service in 1959, sowing the seeds for four plus generations of missile submarines in Soviet and latter Russian Federation service. It was not, however, until the introduction of the Project 667A, armed, from 1968, with R-27 ballistic missile, that such submarine platforms began to be referred to as Strategic Missile Carriers. The Project 667A was the template for four more Strategic Missile Carrier designs - the Project 667B/BD/BDR/BDRM armed with increasingly capable intercontinental range ballistic missiles of the R-29/R/RK/RM series. These systems were, from 1983, augmented by the Project 941/U Heavy Ballistic Missile (Submarine) Cruisers armed with the R-39/U - the largest and most powerful ballistic missile ever fielded on a submarine launch platform. This volume sets out to document the four generations of Soviet and later Russian Federation submarine launched ballistic missiles carried on the four generations of conventional and nuclear powered ballistic missiles submarines that have served the Soviet and Russian Federation Northern and Pacific fleets since 1959. All technical and historical information has been furnished by the respective design bureaus, manufacturers and the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation with additional input from western intelligence agencies.

Download or read book The Navy s Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile Force is Highly Ready written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book China s Nuclear Force Modernization written by Lyle Goldstein and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relations between Washington and Beijing improved swiftly in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks, especially in comparison to the nadir that had been reached during the April 2001 EP-3 incident. This new tide of cooperation has included counterterrorism initiatives, regional partnership in such complex situations as Afghanistan and North Korea, and even some modest agreement on the importance of maintaining the status quo with respect to Taiwan's status. A strong foundation for this strategic cooperation is, of course, a burgeoning trade relationship, which received a further boost from China's entry into the World Trade Organization in November 2001. In 2003, trade between the United States and China amounted to $191.7 billion, up 23.2 percent from 2002. Remarkably, the total for 2003 was more than double the figure for 1998. The United States is China's second most important trading partner nation (Japan is first). Many reasonable strategists, observing this data, consider armed conflict between Washington and Beijing impossible, given the economic losses that both would incur almost immediately. Unfortunately, history has not been kind to the school of theorizing, known as commercial liberalism, which holds that economic interdependence prevents conflict. Indeed, the belligerent powers prior to both world wars had achieved impressive levels of economic interdependence.

Download or read book Strike from the Sea written by Norman Polmar and published by US Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of this book addresses the U.S. Navy's Regulus missile program--the world's first submarine weapon for attacking an enemy homeland with a nuclear warhead--and the similar Soviet Navy's cruise missile efforts.

Download or read book Chinese Anti Ship Ballistic Missile ASBM Development written by Andrew S. Erickson and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-08-02 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s anti-ship ballistic missile (ASBM), the DF-21D, has reached the equivalent of Initial Operational Capability. Although it probably has been deployed in small numbers, additional challenges and tests remain. This study examines the ASBM’s capability and history, showing how the DF-21D meets multiple priorities in Chinese defense modernization and in the national security bureaucracy, as well its implications for the United States. The ASBM’s physical threat to U.S. Navy ships will be determined by the development of associated systems and organizations, which currently limit data fusion and coordination in the complex task of identifying a U.S. aircraft carrier in the open ocean. Still, the ASBM poses a direct threat to the foundations of U.S. power project in Asia and will undermine the U.S. position, unless efforts to counter its political-military effects are taken.

Download or read book China s Rising Sea Power written by Peter Howarth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a fascinating insight into China’s strategic abilities and ambitions, probing the real depths of its plans for the twenty-first century. China's Rising Sea Power explores similarities between China’s strategic outlook today and that of earlier continental powers whose submarine fleets challenged dominant maritime powers for regional hegemony: Germany in two World Wars and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Using insights from classical naval strategic theory, Peter Howarth examines Beijing’s strategic logic in making tactical submarines the keystone of China’s naval force structure. He also investigates the influence of Soviet naval strategy and ancient Chinese military thought on the PLA Navy’s strategic culture, contending that China’s increasingly capable submarine fleet could play a key role in Beijing’s use of force to resolve the Taiwan issue. This book will be of great interest to all students and scholars of security and strategic studies, Asian politics, geopolitics and military (naval) strategy.

Download or read book The Chinese Navy written by Institute for National Strategic Studies and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2011-12-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of the growing Chinese Navy - The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) - and its expanding capabilities, evolving roles and military implications for the USA. Divided into four thematic sections, this special collection of essays surveys and analyzes the most important aspects of China's navel modernization.

Download or read book China s New Undersea Nuclear Deterrent Strategy Doctrine and Capabilities written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few years, Western strategic thinkers have debated what China's emerging force of fleet ballistic missile submarines (SSBNs) portends for Beijing's overall nuclear strategy. One influential school of thought assumes that the rudimentary land-based missile force that has served Beijing's needs in the past will continue to do so. Others dispute this static model, pointing to the introduction of next-generation, land-based mobile ballistic missiles and improvements to the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) submarine and ballistic missile forces. They predict that China will soon put to sea an SSBN fleet more symmetrical with the U.S. Navy in terms of both quality and quantity. Moreover, it will abandon its traditional stance of "minimum deterrence," assuming a more assertive nuclear posture better described as "limited deterrence." The authors take issue with both of these projections of Chinese nuclear strategy, doctrine, and undersea capabilities. They assess China's undersea deterrent purely at the strategic level, leaving aside other important questions such as how Beijing might use fleet submarines to support coercion against Taiwan or in other contingencies. Their chief finding is that a larger, more advanced, more capable flotilla of fleet ballistic missile submarines does not necessarily signal a break with China's tradition of minimalist nuclear strategy. Indeed, a modest undersea deterrent would reinforce minimum deterrence as Beijing conceives it. The authors first examine four historical precedents for ballistic missile submarine development: the United States, USSR/Russia, Great Britain, and France. These precedents reveal some possible futures for China's sea-based deterrent. They then review strategic considerations, specifically the nature of the regime, strategic culture, threat perceptions, and technology dependence. Finally, they attempt to project the likely size and deployment patterns for Chinese SSBNs.

Download or read book The Future of the Undersea Deterrent written by Rory Medcalf and published by . This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Second Nuclear Age written by Colin S. Gray and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 1999 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author takes issue with the complacent belief that a happy mixture of deterrence, arms control and luck will enable humanity to cope adequately with weapons of mass destruction, arguing that the risks are ever more serious.

Download or read book China s Evolving Nuclear Deterrent written by Eric Heginbotham and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s approach to nuclear deterrence has been broadly consistent since its first test in 1964, but it has recently accelerated nuclear force modernization. China’s strategic environment is likely to grow more complex, and nuclear constituencies are gaining a larger bureaucratic voice. Beijing is unlikely to change official nuclear policies but will probably increase emphasis on nuclear deterrence and may adjust the definition of key concepts.

Download or read book China Military Power written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia written by Manas Chatterji and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-11-24 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explains the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) compulsions to commit its government in the election manifesto of 2014 to study the Indian Nuclear Doctrine (IND) and “revise and update” it to make it relevant to contemporary geostrategic realities. Contributors to this volume have cited Pakistan’s deployment of tactical nuclear weapons (TNWs) and use of international terrorism (IT) as the main reasons for the BJP advocating a review of the IND. It is suggested that the addition of use of TNWs or IT by state or non-state actors in the existing IND is a sufficient cause for India to ensure massive retaliation with a second strike. To make the threat of a second strike realistic, it is necessary to acquire sufficient second strike capabilities, in particular submarine launched ballistic missiles. What is the relevance of IND in the absence of India not having a declared national security doctrine? Nuclear know-how is necessary for generating nuclear energy; various issues relating to it are analysed. The IND also claims nuclear disarmament as its inseparable goal, and this book highlights the Indian commitment to achieve it. Issues raised here have a global reach. Students of international relations, diplomats, policy-makers and those attentive to public debate will find the book interesting and immensely useful.