Download or read book Marine biomolecules written by Antonio Trincone and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-10-02 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans include the greatest extremes of pressure, temperature and light, and habitats can range from tropical waters to ocean trenches, several kilometers below sea level at high pressure. With its 70% of the surface of our planet marine ecosystem still remains largely unexplored, understudied and underexploited in comparison with terrestrial ecosystems, organisms and bioprocesses. The biological adaptation of marine organisms to a wide range of environmental conditions in the specific environment (temperature, salinity, tides, pressure, radiation, light, etc.) has made them an enormous reservoir of interesting biological material for both basic research and biotechnological improvements. As a consequence marine ecosystem is valued as a source of enzymes and other biomolecules exhibiting new functions and activities to fulfill human needs. Indeed, in recent years it has been recognised as an untapped source of novel enzymes and metabolites even though, with regard to the assignment of precise biological functions to genes, proteins and enzymes, it is still considered as the least developed. Using metagenomics to recover genetic material directly from environmental samples, this biogenetic diversification can be accessed but despite the contributions from metagenomic technologies the new field requires major improvements. A few words on the complexity of marine environments should be added here. This complexity ranges from symbiotic relationships to biology and chemistry of defence mechanisms and from chemoecology of marine invasions up to the strategies found in prokaryotes to adapt to extreme environments. The interdisciplinary study of this complexity will enable researchers to find an arsenal of enzymes and pathways greatly demanded in biotechnological applications. As far as marine enzymes are concerned they may carry novel chemical and stereochemical properties, thus biocatalytically oriented studies (testing of suitable substrates, appropriate checking of reaction conditions, study of stereochemical asset of catalysis) should be performed to appropriately reveal this “chemical biodiversity” which increases interest for these enzymes. Among other biomolecules, polysaccharides are the most abundant renewable biomaterial found on land and in oceans. Their molecular diversity is very interesting; except polysaccharides used traditionally in food and non-food industries, the structure and the functionality of most of them are unknown and unexplored. Brown seaweeds synthesize unique bioactive polysaccharides: laminarans, alginic acids and fucoidans. A wide range of biological activities (anticoagulant, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammation, etc.) have been attributed to fucoidans and their role with respect to structure-activity relationship is still under debate. In this Research Topic, we wish to centralize and review contributions, idea and comments related to the issues above. In particular results of enzymatic bioprospecting in gross marine environment will be acknowledged along with research for structural characterization and biological function of biomolecules such as marine polysaccharides and all kind of research related to the complexity of bioprocesses in marine environments. Inter- and multi-disciplinary approach to this field is favoured in this Research Topic and could greatly be facilitated by the web and open access nature as well.
Download or read book Marine Biomolecules written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oceans include the greatest extremes of pressure, temperature and light, and habitats can range from tropical waters to ocean trenches, several kilometers below sea level at high pressure. With its 70% of the surface of our planet marine ecosystem still remains largely unexplored, understudied and underexploited in comparison with terrestrial ecosystems, organisms and bioprocesses. The biological adaptation of marine organisms to a wide range of environmental conditions in the specific environment (temperature, salinity, tides, pressure, radiation, light, etc.) has made them an enormous reservoir of interesting biological material for both basic research and biotechnological improvements. As a consequence marine ecosystem is valued as a source of enzymes and other biomolecules exhibiting new functions and activities to fulfill human needs. Indeed, in recent years it has been recognised as an untapped source of novel enzymes and metabolites even though, with regard to the assignment of precise biological functions to genes, proteins and enzymes, it is still considered as the least developed. Using metagenomics to recover genetic material directly from environmental samples, this biogenetic diversification can be accessed but despite the contributions from metagenomic technologies the new field requires major improvements. A few words on the complexity of marine environments should be added here. This complexity ranges from symbiotic relationships to biology and chemistry of defence mechanisms and from chemoecology of marine invasions up to the strategies found in prokaryotes to adapt to extreme environments. The interdisciplinary study of this complexity will enable researchers to find an arsenal of enzymes and pathways greatly demanded in biotechnological applications. As far as marine enzymes are concerned they may carry novel chemical and stereochemical properties, thus biocatalytically oriented studies (testing of suitable substrates, appropriate checking of reaction conditions, study of stereochemical asset of catalysis) should be performed to appropriately reveal this "chemical biodiversity" which increases interest for these enzymes. Among other biomolecules, polysaccharides are the most abundant renewable biomaterial found on land and in oceans. Their molecular diversity is very interesting; except polysaccharides used traditionally in food and non-food industries, the structure and the functionality of most of them are unknown and unexplored. Brown seaweeds synthesize unique bioactive polysaccharides: laminarans, alginic acids and fucoidans. A wide range of biological activities (anticoagulant, antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammation, etc.) have been attributed to fucoidans and their role with respect to structure-activity relationship is still under debate. In this Research Topic, we wish to centralize and review contributions, idea and comments related to the issues above. In particular results of enzymatic bioprospecting in gross marine environment will be acknowledged along with research for structural characterization and biological function of biomolecules such as marine polysaccharides and all kind of research related to the complexity of bioprocesses in marine environments. Inter- and multi-disciplinary approach to this field is favoured in this Research Topic and could greatly be facilitated by the web and open access nature as well.
Download or read book Bioactive Marine Natural Products written by Dewan S. Bhakuni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-30 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioactive Marine Natural Products is the first book available that covers all aspects of bioactive marine natural products. It fills the void in the literature for bioactive marine natural products. The book covers various aspects of marine natural products and it is hoped that all the major classes of bioactive compounds are included. Different classes of marine organisms and the separation and isolation techniques are discussed. The chemistry and biology of marine toxins, peptides, alkaloids, nucleosides and prostanoids are discussed in detail. Biological, toxicological and clinical evaluations are also dealt with to ensure that the book may be adopted at any stage by any practicing organic chemist or biologist, working in academia or in R and D divisions of pharmaceutical companies. Each chapter in the book includes an abstract to highlight the major points discussed in the text and concluding remarks are given. References to books, monographs, review articles and original papers are provided at the end of each chapter.
Download or read book Marine Niche Applications in Pharmaceutical Sciences written by Neelam M Nathani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive study of biological molecules acquired from marine organisms, which have been exploited for drug discovery with the aim to treat human diseases. Biomolecules have potential impacts on a diverse range of fields, including medical and pharmaceutical science, industrial science, biotechnology, basic research, molecular science, environmental science and climate change, etc. To understand and effectively apply medicinally important biomolecules, multidisciplinary approaches are called for. The ocean remains a rich biological resource, and the vast untapped potential of novel molecules from marine bio-resources has caught the interest of more and more researchers. These novel biological compounds have never been found in terrestrial or other ecosystems, but only in this rich niche. Advances in sampling techniques and technologies, along with increased funding for research and nature conservation, have now encouraged scientists to look deeper in the waters. Aquaculture supports both tremendous seafood production and the bulk production of marine-derived drugs. Furthermore, molecular methods are now being extensively employed to explore the untapped marine microbial diversity. With the help of molecular and biotech tools, the ability of marine organisms to produce new biosynthetic drugs can be greatly enhanced. This book provides an extensive compilation of the latest information on marine resources and their undisputedly vital role in the treatment of diverse ailments.
Download or read book Official Gazette of the United States Patent and Trademark Office written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conditions of Life in the Sea written by James Johnstone and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Bioactive Compounds written by Maria Hayes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-19 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim and scope of this book is to highlight the sources, isolation, characterization and applications of bioactive compounds from the marine environment and to discuss how marine bioactive compounds represent a major market application in food and other industries. It discusses sustainable marine resources of macroalgal origin and gives examples of bioactive compounds isolated from these and other resources, including marine by-product and fisheries waste streams. In addition, it looks at the importance of correct taxonomic characterization.
Download or read book Marine Natural Products V2 written by Poul Schever and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Volume II, reviews the state of knowledge in the chemistry and biology of marine natural products. It attempts to bring together timely and critical reviews that are representative of major current researches and that, hopefully, will also foreshadow future trends. The first three chapters of this volume deal with marine carotenoids, steroids, and diterpenoids. This is followed by a chapter that examines a single phylum, the Coelenterata, and its metabolites. The Coelenterata is an almost exclusively marine phylum of some 9000 described living species. Research predicts that the coelenterates will yield a rich harvest of organic metabolites. The final chapter, which focuses on 13C NMR spectroscopy for structural elucidation, reveals the power of this instrumental method especially when applied to the difficult problems of polyhalogenated marine metabolites.
Download or read book Marine Biological Materials of Invertebrate Origin written by Hermann Ehrlich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work is a source of modern knowledge on biomineralization, biomimetics and bioinspired materials science with respect to marine invertebrates. The author gives the most coherent analysis of the nature, origin and evolution of biocomposites and biopolymers isolated from and observed in the broad diversity of marine invertebrate organisms and within their unusual structural formations. The basic format is that of a major review article, with liberal use of references to original literature. There is a wealth of new and newly synthesized information, including dozens of previously unpublished images of unique marine creatures and structures from nano- to microscale including high-resolution scanning and transmission electron micrographs. The material is organized effectively along both biological (phyla) and functional lines. The classification of biological materials of marine origin is proposed and discussed. Much of the pertinent data is organized into tables, and extensive use is made of electron micrographs and line drawings. Several modern topics e.g. “biomineralization- demineralization-remineralization phenomena”, or “phenomenon of multiphase biomineralization”, are discussed in details. Traditionally, such current concepts as hierarchical organization of biocomposites and skeletal structures, structural bioscaffolds, biosculpturing, biomimetism and bioinspiration as tools for the design of innovative materials are critically analyzed from both biological and materials science point of view using numerous unique examples of marine origin. This monograph reviews the most relevant advances in the marine biomaterials research field, pointing out several approaches being introduced and explored by distinct laboratories.
Download or read book Marine Natural Products written by Paul J. Scheuer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Volume V focuses on the chemical and biological study of sponges. Chapters in the volume present papers discussing the various findings and researches on sponges. Topics discussed include a review on research on sponge metabolites; biosynthetic studies of marine organisms; steroid research on unicellular algae; structural organic chemistry of marine metabolites; and marine biopolymers. Marine biologists, biochemists, and pharmacologists will find the book a good reference material.
Download or read book Marine biological materials Functional mechanisms and environmental impacts from the molecular to the macro scale written by Gary H. Dickinson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-02 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biomarkers in Marine Organisms written by Ph. Garrigues and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-11-07 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many previous studies and books have been dedicated to fundamental and developmental aspects of biomarkers. The purpose of this book is to provide, through various case studies, an overview of the practical use of biological markers in marine animals to evaluate the health effects of environmental contamination in marine ecosystems. More precisely, the book presents the results obtained during the development and application of biological markers as indicators of exposure/effect to toxic chemicals in marine environments, using diverse sentinel species such as fish, bivalves and crustaceans. An important aspect is also the publication of technical annexes that describe in detail the experimental procedures developed for both chemical and biochemical measurement.
Download or read book Marine Molecules from Algae and Cyanobacteria written by Paz Otero Fuertes and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-07-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Molecules from Algae and Cyanobacteria: Extraction, Purification, Toxicology and Applications addresses biomolecules, their roll in living organism, structure elucidation, sources, important characteristics and their industrial applications for educational (academic) and industrial purposes. The book covers all methodologies used in the search of marine natural products, including screening of marine molecules by chemical methods like HPLC, LC-MS/MS, and more. These chemical compounds range from small molecules and enzymes to highly complex secondary metabolites that show bioactivities in physiological systems. Many of these compounds are not commercially available, so the isolation methods of these molecules from microalgae, seaweeds and cyanobacteria is challenging. Because of the complexity of their structure, the total synthesis has been shown to be difficult. Developing protocols to obtain reference standards from natural sources have shown satisfactory results in the chemical industry. The marine environment is a rich but underexploited source of commercially interesting natural products with different applications. Several marine organisms, such as seaweeds, microalgae, sponges, cyanobacteria, ascidians and fungi are sources of natural valuable molecules. Provides chronological advancements of marine biomolecules, biochemical reactions and modern industrial applications in various fields of science and engineering Highlights well-established research, technology and applications on marine biomolecules, along with their rapidly emerging aspects and future research directions Serves as a valuable reference for scientists, chemists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacists and engineers who are searching for modern design and applications of marine molecules
Download or read book Why Study Biology by the Sea written by Karl S. Matlin and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Since the middle of the 19th century, biologists have migrated to the seashore to study marine organisms as a way of understanding life. By the turn of the 20th century, such work was being done inside permanent seaside field stations. The Stazione Zoologica, in Naples, Italy (from 1874), and the Marine Biological Laboratory, in Woods Hole, Massachusetts (from 1888), attracted leaders in many biological fields, and helped establish biology as a modern science. Why Study Biology by the Sea? tells the story of these unique scientific institutions while attempting to answer the contemporary question, "Why study biology by the sea?" The volume examines the origins and value of these places via perspectives that range from cell biology to philosophy of science"--
Download or read book Blue Biotechnology written by Stephane La Barre and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-06 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its integral treatment of ecosystem and resource management, this is the only overview of the field to address current thinking and future trends. All contributions have been written with the novice in mind, explaining the basics and highlighting recent developments and achievements. Unmatched in scope, this two-volume reference covers both traditional and well-established areas of marine biotechnology, such as biomass production, alongside such novel ones as biofuels, biological protection of structures and bioinspired materials. In so doing, it ties together information usually only found in widely dispersed sources to assemble a grand unified view of the current state of and prospects for this multi-faceted discipline. The combination of the breadth of topics and the focus on modern ideas make this introductory book especially suitable for teaching purposes and for guiding newcomers to the many possibilities offered by this booming field.
Download or read book Dependence of Marine Biology Upon Hydrography and Necessity of Quantitative Biological Research written by Ellis LeRoy Michael and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Organisms as Model Systems in Biology and Medicine written by Malgorzata Kloc and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the potential advantages of using marine invertebrates like tunicates, echinoderms, sponges and cephalopods as models in both biological and medical research. Bioactive compounds found in marine organisms possess antibacterial, antifungal, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, and can affect the immune and nervous systems. Despite substantial research on the medicinal attributes of various marine invertebrates, they are still very much underrepresented in scientific literature: the majority of cell, developmental and evolutionary scientific journals only publish research conducted on a few well-known model systems like Drosophila melanogaster or Xenopus laevis. Addressing that gap, this book introduces readers to new model organisms like starfish or nemertera. By showing their benefits with regard to regeneration, stem cell research and Evo-Devo, the authors provide a cross-sectional view encompassing various disciplines of biological research. As such, this book will not only appeal to scientists currently working on marine organisms, but will also inspire future generations to pursue research of their own.
