Download or read book Manure Management in Small Farm Livestock Operations written by Derek Godwin and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Animal Manure written by Heidi M. Waldrip and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of meat, milk, and eggs consumed in the United States are produced in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO). With concentrated animal operations, in turn comes concentrated manure accumulation, which can pose a threat of contamination of air, soil, and water if improperly managed. Animal Manure: Production, Characteristics, Environmental Concerns, and Management navigates these important environmental concerns while detailing opportunities for environmentally and economically beneficial utilization.

Download or read book Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Current Knowledge, Future Needs discusses the need for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to implement a new method for estimating the amount of ammonia, nitrous oxide, methane, and other pollutants emitted from livestock and poultry farms, and for determining how these emissions are dispersed in the atmosphere. The committee calls for the EPA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture to establish a joint council to coordinate and oversee short - and long-term research to estimate emissions from animal feeding operations accurately and to develop mitigation strategies. Their recommendation was for the joint council to focus its efforts first on those pollutants that pose the greatest risk to the environment and public health.

Download or read book Manure Management for Water Quality written by Marc Ribaudo and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2007-10 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrients from livestock & poultry manure are key sources of water pollution. Ever-growing numbers of animals per farm & per acre have increased the risk of water pollution. New Clean Water Act regulations compel the large confined animal producers to meet nutrient application standards when applying manure to the land, & USDA encourages all animal feeding operations to do the same. The additional costs for managing manure (such as hauling manure off the farm) have implications for feedgrain producers & consumers as well. This report¿s farm level analysis examines onfarm technical choice & producer costs across major U.S. production areas for hauling manure to the minimum amount of land needed to assimilate manure nutrients. Illustrations.

Download or read book Improving Manure Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal manure was a scarce and valuable resource in history. However, with the relatively cheap and easy handle synthetic fertilizers becoming easily available, livestock manure has turned from a resource into a waste or a pollutant to the environment, especially in industrial size farms or regions with high livestock density. Chinese livestock production has been developing quickly towards specialized intensive production in recent years. Most of the intensive farms has little or no cropland, which making manure management and utilization complex and difficult. The large amount of manure excreted and unproperly managed has cause a lot of social and environmental problems such as ammonia (NH3) emissions, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and water eutrophication. These increasing environmental problems have attracted attentions from scientists and governments. Many researches have been conducted and several regulations have been announced aiming at solving the problem. However, livestock farmers as one of the stakeholders in the management process are usually overlooked by the researches and regulations. Their adoption of techniques, and the drivers and barriers for them to use advanced techniques are unknown in China, which making the effectiveness of the regulations very limited. Therefore, the objectives of this PhD thesis include: i) to understand the adoption of manure management techniques and the drivers and barriers for those adoptions; ii) to estimate the impact of current management and explore options to mitigate the negative impacts. The work was mainly conducted with farm surveys and farmers’ interview on intensive dairy and poultry farms in Hebei and Shandong provinces, which were the major livestock production areas in China. With this survey data, in Chapter 2 the adoption rate of manure treatment techniques was analysed. Solid-liquid separation, anaerobic digestion, and composting were the only three techniques found in the survey. For dairy farms, 39% of the farms were equipped with solid-liquid separator, another 13% with anaerobic digestor and 6% with composting. However, most of the equipment were not used in practice and the actual operational rate was very low. For poultry farms there were almost no treatment at all. Interviews with farmers revealed that subjective norms from social referents, particularly from government agencies, were the main driver for the adoption of treatment techniques. However, the financial burden and technique failure hinder the adoption in practice. Even though Chinese government provided subsidies for the construction cost, the high operational cost and the bad manure market make the cost and the benefit unbalanced. Farmers therefore had low intentions to use these techniques. Chapter 3 focused on crude protein (CP) content in animals’ diet ration, because CP content determines nitrogen excretion in manure. When CP content exceed a certain level, animal productivity cannot increase further but N excretion in manure increases quickly. Therefore, low protein feeding is suggested by many researches as an effective method to reduce N excretion. Collected samples from mixed diet rations show that the mean CP content of animals’ diet ration was close to literature recommendations. However, there were large variations among farms, which indicates that there are still potentials to reduce CP content on some farms. Feeding companies actually defined the feed ingredients and nutritional values of animal diet rations. Farmers knew little about the importance of protein and the crude protein content of their animal rations. Speaking of low protein feeding, farmers were worried about the potential negative impacts on their production and financial risks. The results indicate that implementation of low protein feeding needs the active involvement of feeding companies, and more trainings are needed to help farmers understand feed protein better. In chapter 4 a model was developed to quantify the N and P flows based on mass balance approach. With the manure management information in each step collected from the farm survey, N and P flows in the management chain were quantified. On average 197 kg N and 30 kg P were excreted per cow per year (including young stock) and there was a substantial variation among the farms in NUE (53±20%) and PUE (84±22%) at farm level. Effects of management technologies varied greatly among farms; increases in farm-level NUE ranged from 0-53% and for PUE from 0-79%. Improving manure storage and treatment technologies and increasing manure export had relatively large effects on farm-level NUE and PUE and nutrient losses, while effects of low-protein feeding were limited. In chapter 5 the relationship between livestock density and soil P content was analysed at county and farm levels. Relationship between livestock density and soil P content was found to be insignificant at county level with the statistical data. However, at the farm level, livestock farms with cropland tended to have higher P content than crop farms without livestock in topsoil, mainly because that livestock farms with cropland tended to apply excessive amount of manure to cropland. The results indicate that manure was over applied from livestock farms but were not well utilized from crop farms. The results from this thesis point to the need for improved manure utilization in cropland, for developing a functioning ‘manure market’ with the involvement of middlemen, and for manure application limits for cropland on livestock farms. Hopefully, this thesis will contribute to improving manure management at farm level and to improving the sustainability of agriculture in practice.

Download or read book Horse sheep goat and small animal manure management written by Pennsylvania. Dept. of Environmental Resources. Agricultural Advisory Committee. Manure Management Work Group and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research Needs Assessment written by Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Generally Accepted Agricultural and Management Practices for Manure Management and Utilization written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Manure Management written by C. H. Burton and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2003 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Innovative Animal Manure Management for Environmental Protection Improved Soil Fertility and Crop Production written by Kyoung S. Ro and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, livestock manure has been used to provide nutrients for plant growth and to improve soil conditions. However, the increase in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) results in high levels of plant nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in the proximal crop and pasturelands as a result of applying more manure than what is required to meet the local plant nutrient demand. Soil runoff and leaching of land-applied manure can enrich the surface and ground water with nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to eutrophication and hypoxia. In addition, overapplication of animal manure contributes to pathogen spread, the release of hormones and other pharmaceutically active compounds, and the emission of ammonia, greenhouse gases, and odorous compounds. In this Special Issue, we present 11 interesting articles covering the production of renewable energy and fuels, extraction of ammonia from animal manure, the agricultural and environmental benefits of using animal manure or its derived materials such as biochar or ashes, and the difference in microbial communities and pathogen survival after anaerobic lagoon treatment.

Download or read book Manure Management for Water Quality Costs to Animal Feeding Operations of Applying Manure Nutrients to Land written by Marc Ribaudo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrients from livestock and poultry manure are key sources of water pollution. Ever-growing numbers of animals per farm and per acre have increased the risk of water pollution. New Clean Water Act regulations compel the largest confined animal producers to meet nutrient application standards when applying manure to the land, and USDA encourages all animal feeding operations to do the same. The additional costs for managing manure (such as hauling manure off the farm) have implications for feedgrain producers and consumers as well. This report's farm-level analysis examines on-farm technical choice and producer costs across major U.S. production areas for hauling manure to the minimum amount of land needed to assimilate manure nutrients. A regional analysis then focuses on off-farm competition for land to spread surplus manure, using the Chesapeake Bay region as a case study. Finally, a sectorwide analysis addresses potential long-term structural adjustments at the national level and ultimate costs to consumers and producers.

Download or read book Manure management for environmental protection written by Pennsylvania. Dept. of Environmental Resources. Agricultural Advisory Committee. Manure Management Work Group and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Manure Management for Water Quality written by Marc Ribaudo and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrients from livestock and poultry manure are key sources of water pollution. Ever-growing numbers of animals per farm and per acre have increased the risk of water pollution. New Clean Water Act regulations compel the largest confined animal producers to meet nutrient application standards when applying manure to the land. The additional costs for managing manure have implications for feedgrain producers and consumers as well. This report's farm-level analysis examines onfarm technical choice and producer costs across major U.S. production areas. A regional analysis focuses on off-farm competition for land to spread surplus manure, using the Chesapeake Bay region as a case study. Finally, a sectorwide analysis addresses potential long-term structural adjustments at the national level and ultimate costs to consumers and producers.

Download or read book The Produce Contamination Problem written by Karl Matthews and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-05-29 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the causes and contributing factors leading to outbreaks of food-borne illness associated with contamination of fresh produce continues to be a worldwide challenge for everyone from the growers of fresh-cut produce through the entire production and delivery process. Additionally researchers both at universities and in government agencies are facing an increased challenge to develop means of preventing these foodborne illness occurrences. The premise of this book is that when human pathogen contamination of fresh produce occurs, it is extremely difficult to reduce pathogen levels sufficiently to assure microbiological safety with the currently available technologies. A wiser strategy would be to avoid crop production conditions that result in microbial contamination to start. These critical, problem-oriented chapters have been written by researchers active in the areas of food safety and microbial contamination during production, harvesting, packing and fresh-cut processing of horticultural crops, and were designed to provide methods of contamination avoidance. Coverage includes policy and practices in the US, Mexico and Central America, Europe, and Japan. *Addresses food-borne contaminations from a prevention view, providing proactive solutions to the problems *Covers core sources of contamination and methodologies for identifying those sources *Includes best practice and regulatory information

Download or read book Managing Livestock Wastes to Preserve Environmental Quality written by J. Ronald Miner and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2001-01-24 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The livestock and poultry industries continue to consolidate at a substantial rate and the need for safe and effective manure storage and treatment has never been more important. Managing Livestock Wastes to Preserve Environmental Quality focuses on several crucial aspects including: * Dead animal storage * Solid-liquid separation *Anaerobic and aerobic treatment *Alternatives to manure application to crop and pastureland

Download or read book Manure Management for the Small Farm written by Paul Joannides and published by . This book was released on 2001-03 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One horse produces 8 to 10 tons of manure a year; a dairy cow generates up to 14 gallons per day. What to do with it all? This easy-to-read book is full of advice for anyone with a small herd of big animals. Covering a wide range of options, it includes effective ways to deal with odor, dust, and disease, and to prevent animal waste from polluting ground and surface waters.

Download or read book Handbook of Organic Food Safety and Quality written by J Cooper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-07-26 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increasing consumer demand for safe, high quality, ethical foods, the production and consumption of organic food and produce has increased rapidly over the past two decades. In recent years the safety and quality of organic foods has been questioned. If consumer confidence and demand in the industry is to remain high, the safety, quality and health benefits of organic foods must be assured. With its distinguished editor and team of top international contributors, Handbook of organic food safety and quality provides a comprehensive review of the latest research in the area. Part one provides an introduction to basic quality and safety with chapters on factors affecting the nutritional quality of foods, quality assurance and consumer expectations. Part two discusses the primary quality and safety issues related to the production of organic livestock foods including the effects of feeding regimes and husbandry on dairy products, poultry and pork. Further chapters discuss methods to control and reduce infections and parasites in livestock. Part three covers the main quality and safety issues concerning the production of organic crop foods, such as agronomic methods used in crop production and their effects on nutritional and sensory quality, as well as their potential health impacts. The final part of the book focuses on assuring quality and safety throughout the food chain. Chapters focus on post-harvest strategies to reduce contamination of food and produce, and ethical issues such as fair trade products. The final chapters conclude by reviewing quality assurance strategies relating to specific organic food sectors. The Handbook of organic food quality and safety is a standard reference for professionals and producers within the industry concerned with improving and assuring the quality and safety of organic foods. Improve the safety, quality and health benefits of organic foods Discusses the latest research findings in this area Focuses on assuring quality and safety throughout the food chain