Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Native Languages of the Americas written by Thomas Sebeok and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thirteen of the chapters that comprise the contents of this first volume of Native Languages of the A mericas were originally commissioned by the undersigned in his capacity as Editor of the fourteen volume series (1963-1976), Current Trends in Linguistics. All appeared, in 1973, under Part Three of the quadripartite Vol. 10, subtitled Linguistics in North America. Two additional chaplers are being held over for the volume to follow shortly, devoted to Central and South American lan guages and linguistics, where they more appropriately belong. A fourteenth chapter, on the" Historiography of native North A merican linguistics," was written similarly by invitation, for Vol. 13, subtitled Historiography of Linguistics, published in 1975. Both Volumes 10 and 13 were jointly financed by the United States National Science Foundation and National Endowment for the Humanities, with an enhancing contribution to the former by the Canada Council. The generosity of these funding agencies was, of course, previously acknowledged in my respective Editor's Introductions to the two books mentioned, but cannot be repeated too often: without their welcome and timely assistance, the global project could scarcely have been realized on so comprehensive a scale. The Current Trends in Linguistics series was a long-term venture of Mouton Publishers, of The Hague, under the imaginative in-house direction of Peter de Rid der. Various spin-offs were foreseen, and some of them happily realized.

Download or read book Bilingual Dictionaries for Indigenous Languages written by Doris A. Bartholomew and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Research in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book EuroWordNet A multilingual database with lexical semantic networks written by Piek Vossen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the main objective of EuroWordNet, which is the building of a multilingual database with lexical semantic networks or wordnets for several European languages. Each wordnet in the database represents a language-specific structure due to the unique lexicalization of concepts in languages. The concepts are inter-linked via a separate Inter-Lingual-Index, where equivalent concepts across languages should share the same index item. The flexible multilingual design of the database makes it possible to compare the lexicalizations and semantic structures, revealing answers to fundamental linguistic and philosophical questions which could never be answered before. How consistent are lexical semantic networks across languages, what are the language-specific differences of these networks, is there a language-universal ontology, how much information can be shared across languages? First attempts to answer these questions are given in the form of a set of shared or common Base Concepts that has been derived from the separate wordnets and their classification by a language-neutral top-ontology. These Base Concepts play a fundamental role in several wordnets. Nevertheless, the database may also serve many practical needs with respect to (cross-language) information retrieval, machine translation tools, language generation tools and language learning tools, which are discussed in the final chapter. The book offers an excellent introduction to the EuroWordNet project for scholars in the field and raises many issues that set the directions for further research in semantics and knowledge engineering.

Download or read book Manual of Standardization in the Romance Languages written by Franz Lebsanft and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-01-20 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language standardization is an ongoing process based on the notions of linguistic correctness and models. This manual contains thirty-six chapters that deal with the theories of linguistic norms and give a comprehensive up-to-date description and analysis of the standardization processes in the Romance languages. The first section presents the essential approaches to the concept of linguistic norm ranging from antiquity to the present, and includes individual chapters on the notion of linguistic norms and correctness in classical grammar and rhetoric, in the Prague School, in the linguistic theory of Eugenio Coseriu, in sociolinguistics as well as in pragmatics, cognitive and discourse linguistics. The second section focuses on the application of these notions with respect to the Romance languages. It examines in detail the normative grammar and the normative dictionary as the reference tools for language codification and modernization of those languages that have a long and well-established written tradition, i.e. Romanian, Italian, French, Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese. Furthermore, the volume offers a discussion of the key issues regarding the standardization of the ‘minor’ Romance languages as well as Creoles.

Download or read book Manual of Specialised Lexicography written by Henning Bergenholtz and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1995-07-14 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From 1990–1994 the Danish Research Council for the Humanities granted a research project entitled “translation of LSP texts”, which was initially split up into five part-projects, one of which has been concerned with LSP lexicography. The Manual of Specialised Lexicography is one of the results of the research undertaken by this project. The primary purpose of the Manual is to contribute towards an improved basis for practical specialised lexicography, which has so far had but a small share in the explosive development that has taken place in general-language lexicography since the early 1970s. One implication of this is that only to a limited extent has it been possible to build upon existing findings. The Manual thus has the twofold aim of offering guidance and direction to authors of specialised dictionaries as well as contributing towards the further development of lexicographical theories.

Download or read book The Trainee Primary Teacher s Handbook written by Gererd Dixie and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive advice for those training to become primary teachers.

Download or read book Users Manual written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Air Programs and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Challenges and Design Issues in Bangla Language Processing written by Karim, M. A. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many take advantage of software and hardware accessibility in the English language. However, for non native speakers, this inevitably becomes a problem; specifically for the complex Bangla language which is not easily integrated into the world of technology. Technical Challenges and Design Issues in Bangla Language Processing addresses the difficulties as well as the overwhelming benefits associated with creating programs and devices that are accessible to the speakers of the Bangla language. Professionals, students, and researchers interested in expanding the fields of computing, information and knowledge management, and communication technologies in the non-English realm will benefit from this comprehensive collection of research.

Download or read book A Manual for Indochinese Refugee Education 1976 1977 written by National Indochinese Clearinghouse and Technical Assistance Center and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Linguistics in North America 1 written by William Bright and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Linguistics in North America, 1".

Download or read book Cross Language Information Retrieval and Evaluation written by Carol Peters and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-06-29 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first evaluation campaign of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum (CLEF) for European languages was held from January to September 2000. The campaign cul- nated in a two-day workshop in Lisbon, Portugal, 21 22 September, immediately following the fourth European Conference on Digital Libraries (ECDL 2000). The first day of the workshop was open to anyone interested in the area of Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR) and addressed the topic of CLIR system evaluation. The goal was to identify the actual contribution of evaluation to system development and to determine what could be done in the future to stimulate progress. The second day was restricted to participants in the CLEF 2000 evaluation campaign and to their - periments. This volume constitutes the proceedings of the workshop and provides a record of the campaign. CLEF is currently an activity of the DELOS Network of Excellence for Digital - braries, funded by the EC Information Society Technologies to further research in digital library technologies. The activity is organized in collaboration with the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The support of DELOS and NIST in the running of the evaluation campaign is gratefully acknowledged. I should also like to thank the other members of the Workshop Steering Committee for their assistance in the organization of this event.

Download or read book A User s Guide to Bible Translations written by David Dewey and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2005-01-27 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Dewey offers an easy-to-use handbook for digging through the mountain of Bible translation options until you find the right Bible for the right purpose.

Download or read book Illegal Alphabets and Adult Biliteracy written by Tomás Mario Kalmar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2000-11 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illegal Alphabets and Adult Biliteracy--based on four years of intensive fieldwork in a small rural community in Southern Illinois--is a landmark work in the area of adult literacy, combining insights from linguistics, anthropology, literacy studies, and education in a culturally situated exploration of the language and literacy practices of migrant workers. As such, it is a substantive contribution to the linguistic study of indigenous literacies; to sociocultural approaches to language, learning, and literacy; and to ethnographic and critical approaches to education. The book begins with a true story about "illegal aliens" who, in the summer of 1980, in the town of Cobden, Illinois, decided to help each other write down English como de veras se oye--the way it really sounds. The focus is on why and how they did this, what they actually wrote down, and what happened to their texts. The narrative then shifts to how and why the strategies adult immigrants actually use in order to cope with English in the real world seem to have little in common with those used by students in publicly funded bilingual and ESL classrooms. The book concludes with a discussion of the ideal of a universal alphabet, about the utopian claim that anyone can use a canonical set of 26 letters to reduce to script any language, ever spoken by anyone, anywhere, at any time. This claim is so familiar that it is easy to overlook how much undocumented intellectual labor was invested over the centuries by those who successfully carried the alphabet across the border from one language to the next. From this undocumented labor, without which none of us would now be able to read, everyone profits. To make his story and his argument as accessible as possible, Kalmar steers clear of jargon and excessive technical terminology. At the same time, however, readers who are familiar with any of the current postmodern discourses on the social construction of symbolic forms will be able to bring such discourses to bear on what he has to say about the game, the discourse, and the scene of writing that constitute the focus of his theoretical analysis. When people today argue about "illegal aliens" in the United States, probably the last question on their minds is the one to which this book is devoted: how do "illegal aliens" use an alphabet they already know in order to chart the speech sounds of colloquial English? It is the author's hope that readers will interpret his story as a parable with serious political implications. Illegal Alphabets and Adult Biliteracy is a compelling, vitally relevant book for researchers, students, practitioners, and anyone else interested in language and literacy in social, cultural, and political contexts, including bilingual and ESL education, second-language acquisition and development, applied and sociolinguistics, multicultural education, educational anthropology, and qualitative research.

Download or read book NBS Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Oxford History of English Lexicography written by A. P. Cowie and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-12-04 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These substantial volumes present the fullest account yet published of the lexicography of English from its origins in medieval glosses, through its rapid development in the eighteenth century, to a fully-established high-tech industry that is as reliant as ever on learning and scholarship. The history covers dictionaries of English and its national varieties, including American English, with numerous references to developments in Europe and elsewhere which have influenced the course of English lexicography. Part one of Volume I explores the early development of glosses and bilingual and multilingual dictionaries and examines their influence on lexicographical methods and ideas. Part two presents a systematic history of monolingual dictionaries of English and includes extensive chapters on Johnson, Webster and his successors in the USA, and the OED. It also contains descriptions of the development of dictionaries of national and regional varieties, and of Old and Middle English, and concludes with an account of the computerization of the OED. The specialized dictionaries described in Volume II include dictionaries of science, dialects, synonyms, etymology, pronunciation, slang and cant, quotations, phraseology, and personal and place names. This volume also includes an account of the inception and development of dictionaries developed for particular users, especially foreign learners of English. The Oxford History of English Lexicography unites scholarship with readability. It provides a unique and accessible reference for scholars and professional lexicographers and offers a series of fascinating encounters with the men and women involved over the centuries in the making of works of profound national and linguistic importance.