Download or read book Management of Norm Residues written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2013-07-01 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Residues Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material from Uranium Production and Other Activities written by IAEA and published by International Atomic Energy Agency. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Safety Guide provides recommendations on the establishment of an appropriate regulatory framework for the management of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) residues in an integrated manner and using a graded approach. It also elaborates on roles and responsibilities, options for management of NORM residues, long term safety of NORM residues, and exemption and clearance. The publication is targeted at regulatory bodies, operating organizations, technical support organizations and other parties who are interested and involved in management of NORM residues.
Download or read book Regulatory and Management Approaches for the Control of Environmental Residues Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NORM written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains the papers presented and the ensuing discussions from the technical meeting on'Regulatory and Management Approaches for the Control of Environmental Residues containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)', and in addition some papers from a similar meeting held in Vienna in 2002.
Download or read book Improving the Regulation and Management of Low Activity Radioactive Wastes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-04-24 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The largest volumes of radioactive wastes in the United States contain only small amounts of radioactive material. These low-activity wastes (LAW) come from hospitals, utilities, research institutions, and defense installations where nuclear material is used. Millions of cubic feet of LAW also arise every year from non-nuclear enterprises such as mining and water treatment. While LAW present much less of a radiation hazard than spent nuclear fuel or high-level radioactive wastes, they can cause health risks if controlled improperly. Improving the Regulation and Management of Low-Activity Radioactive Wastes asserts that LAW should be regulated and managed according to the degree of risk they pose for treatment, storage, and disposal. Current regulations are based primarily on the type of industry that produced the waste-the waste's origin-rather than its risk. In this report, a risk-informed approach for regulating and managing all types of LAW in the United States is proposed. Implemented in a gradual or stepwise fashion, this approach combines scientific risk assessment with public values and perceptions. It focuses on the hazardous properties of the waste in question and how they compare with other waste materials. The approach is based on established principles for risk-informed decision making, current risk-informed initiatives by waste regulators in the United States and abroad, solutions available under current regulatory authorities, and remedies through new legislation when necessary.
Download or read book Regulatory and Management Approaches for the Control of Environmental Residues Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material NORM written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Management of Residues Containing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material from Uranium Production and Other Activities written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2021-10-19 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Safety Guide provides recommendations on the establishment of an appropriate regulatory framework for the management of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) residues in an integrated manner and using a graded approach. It also elaborates on roles and responsibilities, options for management of NORM residues, long term safety of NORM residues, and exemption and clearance. The publication is targeted at regulatory bodies, operating organizations, technical support organizations and other parties who are interested and involved in management of NORM residues.
Download or read book Evaluation of Guidelines for Exposures to Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-25 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturally occurring radionuclides are found throughout the earth's crust, and they form part of the natural background of radiation to which all humans are exposed. Many human activities-such as mining and milling of ores, extraction of petroleum products, use of groundwater for domestic purposes, and living in houses-alter the natural background of radiation either by moving naturally occurring radionuclides from inaccessible locations to locations where humans are present or by concentrating the radionuclides in the exposure environment. Such alterations of the natural environment can increase, sometimes substantially, radiation exposures of the public. Exposures of the public to naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) that result from human activities that alter the natural environment can be subjected to regulatory control, at least to some degree. The regulation of public exposures to such technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other regulatory and advisory organizations is the subject of this study by the National Research Council's Committee on the Evaluation of EPA Guidelines for Exposures to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials.
Download or read book Advances in Petrochemicals written by Vivek Patel and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-30 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The petrochemical industry is an important area in our pursuits for economic growth, employment generation, and basic needs. It is a huge field that encompasses many commercial petrochemical and polymer-enabled products. The book is designed to help the reader, particularly students and researchers of petroleum science and engineering, to understand synthesis, processing, mechanics, and simulation of the petroleum processes. The selection of topics addressed and the examples, tables, and graphs used to illustrate them are governed, to a large extent, by the fact that this book is aimed primarily at petroleum science and engineering technologists. Undoubtedly, this book contains must read materials for students, engineers, and researchers working in the area of petrochemicals and petroleum and provides valuable insights into the related synthesis, processing, mechanisms, and simulation. This book is concise, self-explanatory, informative, and cost-effective.
Download or read book Radiation Protection and Management of NORM Residues in the Phosphate Industry written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Safety Report is a compilation of detailed information on the processes and materials associated with the phosphate industry and on the radiological considerations that need to be taken into account by the regulatory body when determining the nature and extent of radiation protection measures. It has been developed as part of the IAEA's programme on the application of its safety standards in the field of radiation, transport and waste safety. The information provided will assist in the implementation of a graded approach to regulation, in terms of which the application of the requirements of the safety standards is commensurate with the characteristics of the practice or source and with the magnitude and likelihood of the exposures. The publication also provides information on expected radionuclide concentrations, exposure levels and the most appropriate regulatory approach in the phosphate industry and covers the mining and beneficiation of phosphate ore, phosphoric acid production, phosphogypsum, and the manufacture and use of phosphatic fertilizers among others.
Download or read book Management of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material Norm in Industry written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2022-07-15 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, many studies have found elevated natural radionuclide activity concentrations in wastes and residues from a wide range of industrial activities that are not part of the nuclear fuel cycle. Member States experienced challenges in finding feasible and implementable approaches for the proper management of such naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) wastes and residues. This proceedings publication arises from the IAEA conference, NORM 2020, convened to address these issues. The conference was focused on the sharing of experiences in the management of NORM in industrial operations with the aim of contributing to the harmonization of practical approaches and adoption of good practices. This was the first IAEA NORM conference with this focus and builds upon previous events organized by the international community and progress in this area to date worldwide. Unique to NORM 2020 was that it brought together different stakeholders to identify current issues and expected future challenges and possible strategies for dealing with them. Although the conference was focused on industrial operations it also considered the latest technological developments and research work, regulatory requirements, and safety aspects.
Download or read book Predisposal Management of Radioactive Waste from the Use of Radioactive Material in Medicine Industry Agriculture Research and Education written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Safety Guide is applicable to the predisposal management of radioactive waste derived from the use of radioactive materials in medicine, industry, agriculture, research and education, including disused sealed radioactive sources. It focuses on waste generated at facilities such as hospitals and research centres, where radioactive waste is not usually generated in bulk quantities. It covers the managerial, administrative and technical issues associated with the safe management of radioactive waste, from its generation to its acceptance at a disposal facility or its release from regulatory control.
Download or read book An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation written by Michael I. Ojovan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety and environmental impact is of uppermost concern when dealing with the movement and storage of nuclear waste. The 20 chapters in 'An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation' cover all important aspects of immobilisation, from nuclear decay, to regulations, to new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used in transport: cement, bitumen and glass, with the greatest attention being given to glass. The last chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of each matrix, and on new developments of ceramics and glass composite materials, thermochemical methods and in-situ metal matrix immobilisation. The book thoroughly covers all issues surrounding nuclear waste: from where to locate nuclear waste in the environment, through nuclear waste generation and sources, treatment schemes and technologies, immobilisation technologies and waste forms, disposal and long term behaviour. Particular attention is paid to internationally approved and worldwide-applied approaches and technologies.* Each chapter focuses on a different matrix used in nuclear waste immobilisation: Cement, bitumen, glass and new materials.* Keeps the most important issues surrounding nuclear waste – such as treatment schemes and technologies, and disposal - at the forefront.
Download or read book Strategy and Methodology for Radioactive Waste Characterization written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade significant progress has been achieved in the development of waste characterization and control procedures and equipment as a direct response to ever-increasing requirements for quality and reliability of information on waste characteristics. Failure in control procedures at any step can have important, adverse consequences and may result in producing waste packages which are not compliant with the waste acceptance criteria for disposal, thereby adversely impacting the repository. The information and guidance included in this publication corresponds to recent achievements and reflects the optimum approaches, thereby reducing the potential for error and enhancing the quality of the end product. -- Publisher's description.
Download or read book Preparation of a Feasibility Study for New Nuclear Power Projects written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A feasibility study represents an important step in the development of a new build nuclear power plant project. It is a complex but necessary step to determine whether a business opportunity is possible, practical and viable. Technical, economical, financial, regulatory, social, environmental aspects of a nuclear power plant programme need to be considered to allow authorities to make informed decisions regarding the possible implementation of the project This publication assists Member States in developing a feasibility study for nuclear power projects and provides guidance to users who are planning to perform such a study, with consideration of both the technical and process areas. These guidelines condense the experience of individuals involved in previous feasibility study efforts and provide industry best practices in order to maximize the usefulness of any results.
Download or read book Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Construction written by Wouter Schroeyers and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-23 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in Construction (COST Action NORM4Building) discusses the depletion of energy resources and raw materials and its huge impact not only on the building market, but also in the development of new synthetic building materials, whereby the reuse of various (waste) residue streams becomes a necessity. It is based on the outcome of COST Action TU 1301, where scientists, regulators, and representatives from industry have come together to present new findings, sharing knowledge, experiences, and technologies to stimulate research on the reuse of residues containing enhanced concentrates of natural radionuclides (NORM) in tailor-made building materials. Chapters address legislative issues, measurement, and assessment of building materials, physical and chemical aspects, from raw materials, to residues with enhanced concentrations of natural radionuclides (NORM), processes, building products containing NORM, and end-of-life and reuse requirements. - Presents a holistic approach in developing new reuse pathways involving experts on different (technical, chemical, physical, ecological, economical and radiological) aspects of materials - Provides practical guidance that address questions and comments regarding the EU-BSS standards linked to the processing of NORM in building materials - Investigates realistic legislative scenarios - Primarily aimed at industry and actors linked to the industry, but also researchers - Contains a strong international network of expert authors and internal reviewers for each chapter
Download or read book An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation written by Michael I Ojovan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-12-06 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on the authors' extensive experience in the processing and disposal of waste, An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation, Second Edition examines the gamut of nuclear waste issues from the natural level of radionuclides in the environment to geological disposal of waste-forms and their long-term behavior. It covers all-important aspects of processing and immobilization, including nuclear decay, regulations, new technologies and methods. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used, especially cement and glass, with further discussion of other matrices such as bitumen. The final chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of immobilizing materials and safety of disposal, providing a full range of the resources needed to understand and correctly immobilize nuclear waste.
Download or read book Integrated Solid Waste Management A Lifecycle Inventory written by P.R. White and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life is often considered to be a journey. The lifecycle of waste can similarly be considered to be a journey from the cradle (when an item becomes valueless and, usually, is placed in the dustbin) to the grave (when value is restored by creating usable material or energy; or the waste is transformed into emissions to water or air, or into inert material placed in a landfill). This preface provides a route map for the journey the reader of this book will undertake. Who? Who are the intended readers of this book? Waste managers (whether in public service or private companies) will find a holistic approach for improving the environmental quality and the economic cost of managing waste. The book contains general principles based on cutting edge experience being developed across Europe. Detailed data and a computer model will enable operations managers to develop data-based improvements to their systems. Producers oj waste will be better able to understand how their actions can influence the operation of environmentally improved waste management systems. Designers oj products and packages will be better able to understand how their design criteria can improve the compatibility of their product or package with developing, environmentally improved waste management systems. Waste data specialists (whether in laboratories, consultancies or environ mental managers of waste facilities) will see how the scope, quantity and quality of their data can be improved to help their colleagues design more effective waste management systems.
