Download or read book Management Bias Across Multiple Accounting Estimates written by Timothy A. Seidel and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine whether managers appear to aggregate bias in multiple subjective accrual estimates to meet or just beat analyst expectations. We also consider whether the updated language in recent PCAOB auditing standards, focusing auditors on the potential for bias across multiple estimates, impacted this method of managing earnings. Using hand-collected data from a sample of manufacturing firms, we find that meeting or just beating the most recent consensus analyst earnings forecast is positively associated with income-increasing bias aggregated from multiple accounting estimates. We also find that this relation attenuates in the years following the issuance of PCAOB auditing standards focusing auditors on this issue. Further analyses reveal that after these standards were released, firms increased the use of income-increasing, unexpected non-GAAP exclusions to meet or just beat expectations, an alternative technique subject to less auditor scrutiny. Additionally, firms using bias from multiple accounting estimates after the updated guidance in these PCAOB standards do so using bias spread in smaller amounts across more individual estimates. These findings provide important insight into how managers use accruals to meet or just beat an important benchmark as well as the impact of PCAOB auditing standard updates on this earnings management practice.

Download or read book Anchoring and Motivated Reasoning in Managers Review of Accounting Estimates written by Matthew J. Hayes and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting estimates are developed in a bottom-up fashion; subordinates generate estimates that are reviewed by managers. The anchoring heuristic suggests managers may be highly influenced by subordinates initial estimates. However, motivated reasoning theory predicts that reporting incentives will bias managers review in favor of estimates that are incentive consistent, and managers will selectively attend to information that supports their preferred conclusion, including their perceptions of the subordinate. Using experimental methods I manipulate the consistency of the subordinate estimate with management reporting incentives, and the narcissistic description of the subordinate. Consistent with motivated reasoning theory, I find that managers anchor on incentive consistent subordinate estimates, regardless of subordinate narcissism, but anchor less on incentive inconsistent subordinate estimates, especially when the estimate comes from a narcissistic subordinate. I also find evidence that managers believe narcissistic subordinates act strategically in their own self-interest, and selectively attend to this belief to adjust away from incentive inconsistent subordinate estimates, but not incentive consistent subordinate estimate. My results reveal two potential weaknesses in the management review process: susceptibility to subordinate anchors, and bias created by reporting incentives.

Download or read book Determinants of Error Attribution in Accounting Estimates written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Wiley Practitioner s Guide to GAAS 2013 written by Joanne M. Flood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 1560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clearest, easiest-to-use guide to understanding GAAS 2013 on the market—fully updated This latest resource to understanding GAAS addresses the toughest part of the job—identifying, interpreting, and applying the many audit, attest, review, and compilation standards relevant to a particular engagement. The only GAAS reference organized according to practitioners' actual use of the Statements on Auditing Standards (SASs), inside you'll find examples and illustrations for testing internal controls, techniques for remaining compliant with each standard, and explanations of the reasons for each pronounceument. A brief identification of each SAS, SSAE, and SSARS, with its effective date and tips on when to apply it A convenient and comprehensive glossary of official definitions, which are usually scattered throughout a standard Behind-the-scenes explanations of the reasons for each pronouncement and brief explanations of the basic ideas of the section Concise listing and descriptions of each standard's specific mandate Easy-to-read capsule summary of interpretations, plus selected AICPA practice alerts and advisories Helpful techniques for remaining compliant with each standard Examples and illustrations for testing internal controls Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2013 presents each statement individually, explaining how the standards are related and offering guidance on the entire engagement process in the form of practice notes, checklists, questionnaires, and real-world examples that illustrate how the fundamental requirements of each section are applied.

Download or read book PCAOB Standards and Related Rules written by AICPA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-26 with total page 1776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auditors of public companies opinions of the accuracy of a financial statement matters for the health of the company are important. This title is a must-have for practitioners, it includes updated staff guidance related to Changes to the Auditor’s Report Effective for Audits of Fiscal Years Ending on or After December 15, 2017. This guide will ensure that the audit staffs' audit reports resonate with investors, lenders, regulatory authorities and other financial statement users.

Download or read book PCAOB Standards and Related Rules 2019 written by AICPA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 1840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auditors of public companies’ opinions of the accuracy of a financial statement matters for the health of the company are important. This title is a must-have for practitioners, it includes two new auditing standards: Auditing Accounting Estimates, Including Fair Value Measurements (AS 2501) and Using the Work of an Auditor-Engaged Specialist (AS 1210) This guides also includes related amendments to other auditing sections, recently issued staff guidance on these topics, and staff guidance on critical audit matters.

Download or read book Wiley Practitioner s Guide to GAAS 2015 written by Joanne M. Flood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-17 with total page 995 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The all-in-one guide to the latest auditing standards, with clear explanations and more "Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2015" offers the most comprehensive coverage of auditing standards, practices, and procedures, clarifying complex guidelines in clear, easy-to-understand language. Each statement is presented individually with explanations and practice notes that highlight main ideas and mandates, giving practitioners a clearer understanding of SAS standards and how they're used. Practical illustrations, checklists and questionnaires guide readers through the auditing process, and updates are highlighted to call attention to recent changes. This useful guide includes background information that sheds light on the reasoning behind each pronouncement, as well as a comprehensive glossary that clarifies unfamiliar or nuanced terms. Coverage also includes interpretations of all new Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services Compilation and Review statements, with expert advice on remaining compliant as guidelines change. Auditing standards guide the work of an entire industry, but these standards are frequently revised, and compliance is critical. "Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2015" is a complete reference for the auditing professional, logically organized to allow for quick navigation.Understand the real-world application of each standardLearn each standard's effective date and specific mandatesExamine technical alerts, definitions, and interpretationsDevelop techniques for maintaining compliance Identifying, interpreting, and applying the many standards relevant to a particular engagement can be the most difficult part of the auditor's job. This guide simplifies the process by combining the standards, explanations, tools, and expert advice into a single, easily navigated volume. For the auditor who needs to be up to date, "Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2015" provides the latest on GAAS compliance.

Download or read book Wiley Practitioner s Guide to GAAS 2018 written by Joanne M. Flood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-13 with total page 1403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The clearest, easiest-to-use guide to understanding all the clarified standards, including the new attestation standards—fully updated! This comprehensive guide to understanding Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) is not just about auditing. It addresses the toughest part of an accountant's job—identifying, interpreting, and applying the many audit, attest, review, compilation, and preparation standards relevant to a particular engagement. Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2018 offers a clear and accessible distillation of the official language of GAAS, Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAEs), and Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services (SSARSs)—as well as advice on exactly how to remain fully compliant with each. Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2018 is organized according to the logical arrangement of the clarified standards, presenting each section individually, and explaining how it is related to the engagement process. Guidance is offered on the entire process, in the form of practice notes, checklists, questionnaires, and real-world examples, illustrating how the fundamental requirements of each section are applied. Other key features include: A brief identification of each auditing, SSAE, and SSARS section, with effective dates and tips on how to apply it Highlights of new requirements in the clarified attestation standards Concise listing and descriptions of each section's specific mandates, including definitions Easy-to-read capsule summary of interpretations, plus selected technical alerts Helpful techniques for remaining compliant with each standard

Download or read book Selection Bias and Econometric Remedies in Accounting and Finance Research written by Jenny Wu Tucker and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While managers' accounting and financial decisions are, for many, fascinating topics, selection bias poses a serious challenge to researchers estimating the decisions' effects using non-experimental data. Selection bias potentially occurs because managers' decisions are non-random and the outcomes of choices not made are never observable. “Selection bias due to observables” arises from sample differences that researchers can observe but fail to control. “Selection bias due to unobservables” arises from the unobservable and thus uncontrolled sample differences that affect managers' decisions and their consequences. In this article I review two econometric tools developed to mitigate these biases - the propensity score matching (PSM) method to mitigate selection bias due to observables and the Heckman inverse-Mills-ratio (IMR) method to address selection bias due to unobservables - and discuss their applications in accounting and finance research. The article has four takeaways. First, researchers should select the correct method to alleviate potential selection bias: the PSM method mitigates selection bias due to observables, but does not alleviate selection bias due to unobservables. Second, in applying PSM researchers are advised to restrict their inferences to firms whose characteristics can be found in both the sample and control groups. Third, the IMR method, though popular, is limited to situations in which the choices are binary, the outcomes of choices are modeled in a linear regression, and the unobservables in the choice and outcome models follow a multivariate normal distribution. Researchers can overcome these constraints by using full information maximum likelihood estimation. Last, when the IMR method is used, special attention should be paid to the formulas in calculating IMRs. The article also calls for researchers' attention to other approaches to evaluating the effects of managers' decisions.

Download or read book Bias and Accuracy of Management Earnings Forecasts written by Bruce J. McConomy and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper assesses how the bias and accuracy of managers' earnings forecasts in prospectuses were affected by a 1989 regulation that required the forecasts to be audited by public accountants. Theory suggests that auditors' association with the forecasts would reduce positive (optimistic) bias, by reducing moral hazard. Regulators expected that the audit requirement would also improve the accuracy of the forecasts. Both predictions were tested using management earnings forecasts disclosed in prospectuses of Canadian initial public offerings. The results show that audited forecasts contained significantly less positive bias than reviewed forecasts, but there was only a marginally significant improvement in accuracy.Key Words: Initial public offering; Bias; Earnings forecast.

Download or read book Sarbanes Oxley Act written by Diane E. Ambler and published by Wolters Kluwer. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 1519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only one resource provides practical guidance to help ensure compliance with all Sarbanes-Oxley rules and regulations. Introducing the new Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Planning and& Compliance - the first resource providing practical, step-by-step guidance to help you navigate the Sarbanes-Oxley maze and ensure compliance. Written by two well-respected authorities, this unique and invaluable compendium: Fully reflects the current body of SEC rules, regulations and interpretations, PCAOB rules and standards, and Sarbanes-Oxley related court decisions Covers a wide range of compliance-related issues and areas - from SEC disclosure rules and certification of financial documents, to the treatment of pension plans and loans to officers Includes regular updates to keep you current as the regulatory environment continues to expand and evolve Provides exhaustive details on the compliance responsibilities of corporate CEOs, CFOs, directors, audit committees and attorneys Most importantly, Sarbanes-Oxley Act: Planning and& Compliance provides a veritable andquot;blueprintandquot; for an effective corporate compliance program. For each area covered, you'll find a detailed summary of key subject matters to be addressed; step-by-step guidance on practical planning and implementation issues; recommended compliance procedures; and specific compliance actions to be taken by the company and its key officers. You'll also have access to best practices and policies designed to ensure good corporate governance, transparency and accurate financial reporting. Why settle for andquot;information and explanationandquot; when you can have step-by-step guidance and advice?

Download or read book Wiley Practitioner s Guide to GAAS 2019 written by Joanne M. Flood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive reference for clarified standards application and compliance, fully updated for 2019 The Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2019 is the comprehensive and user-friendly guide to Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. Fully updated to reflect all new standards, practices, and statements—including Statements on Standards for Accounting and Review Services (SSARS) and Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE)—this essential resource offers practitioners a clear and complete reference in a single volume. This book provides complete coverage of relevant areas including audit planning and documentation, audit evaluation and evidence, examination and review engagements, and more to help auditors interpret and apply current auditing standards while maintaining full compliance with GAAS. General auditing standards are subject to frequent updates and divergent interpretations, yet practitioners need to keep pace with the latest changes if compliance is to be maintained. Employing a logical organizational structure, this guide defines and interprets each clarified standard and explains its relation to the engagement process. Practice notes, checklists, questionnaires, and relevant real-world examples demonstrate how each section is applied. This indispensable resource provides in-depth guidance on GAAS interpretation, application, and compliance to help you: Identify and apply each auditing, SSAE and SSARS section Understand new requirements in clarified attestation standards Access technical alerts, interpretation summaries, and individual section descriptions and definitions Employ techniques to maintain compliance with each standard TheWiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2019 provides auditing professionals with the expert guidance and up-to-date information necessary to save you time, streamline your workload, and maximize your job performance.

Download or read book Wiley Practitioner s Guide to GAAS 2022 written by Joanne M. Flood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-05 with total page 1058 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive and up-to-date guide to critical auditing standards, practices, and procedures for 2022 The American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) sets the Generally Accepted Auditing Standards or GAAS under which U. S. audits are conducted in the United States. Auditors must comply with and understand every aspect of GAAS in order to comply with AICPA standards. As a result, it is crucial for CPAs to be up-to-date on all applicable guidelines, rules, and regulations. Wiley Practitioner’s Guide to GAAS 2022 delivers a thorough description and analysis of not only auditing standards – SASs, but also SSAEs, SSARSs, and the Interpretations necessary to fully understand all the latest professional standards. The guide offers the most recent revisions to the standards, including those on: Materiality, Audit reports, ERISA audits, SSAE direct examination engagements, and Practitioner’s review reports. The Guide explains the standards clearly and accurately, providing explicit information on how to conduct your engagements efficiently, effectively, and properly—all in one resource. In addition, Wiley Practitioner’s Guide to GAAS 2022 provides readers with: Practical direction on the steps necessary to help you comply with GAAS Comprehensive guidance on the entire auditing process, from start to finish Explanations of all attestation and review, compilation, and preparation standards A glossary of relevant terminology for each subject A crucial resource for accountants and auditors who are looking for a comprehensive explanation of the information used on a daily basis, Wiley Practitioner’s Guide to GAAS 2022 is an invaluable resource written to save you time and simplify your compliance with professional standards. strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"The most comprehensive and up-to-date guide to critical auditing standards, practices, and procedures for 2022

Download or read book Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards 2019 written by AICPA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 1616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2019 edition delivers the current Statements on Auditing Standards (SASs) and related interpretations in a codified format, giving accountants the most up-to-date information, they need to conduct successful audits and provide high-quality services to their clients. Issued directly from the AICPA, this authoritative guidance is essential to fully understand the requirements associated with an audit. This edition includes the following new standards: SAS No. 134, Auditor Reporting and Amendments, Including Amendments Addressing Disclosures in the Audit of Financial Statements SAS No. 135, Omnibus Statement on Auditing Standards—2019 SAS No. 134 is a suite of auditor reporting standards that includes a new AU-C section 701, Communicating Key Audit Matters in the Independent Auditor’s Report, and replaces AU-C sections 700, 705, and 706. SAS No. 134, which also amends various other AU-C sections, addresses the auditor’s responsibility to form an opinion on the financial statements and the form and content of the auditor’s report issued because of an audit of financial statements. It also addresses the auditor’s responsibilities, and the form and content of the auditor’s report, when the auditor concludes that a modification to the auditor’s opinion on the financial statements is necessary, and when additional communications are necessary in the auditor’s report. SAS No. 135 is intended to more closely align ASB guidance with the PCAOB's standards by primarily amending AU-C section 260, Communications With Those Charged With Governance, AU-C section 550, Related Parties, and AU-C section 240, Consideration of Fraud in a Financial Statement Audit. This codification is fully indexed and arranged by subject. The codified standards and related interpretations are vital to practitioners performing audits.

Download or read book Audit and Accounting Guide Depository and Lending Institutions written by AICPA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2017 edition of this industry standard resource offers clear and practical guidance of audit and accounting issues such as transfers and servicing, troubled debt restructurings, financing receivables and the allowance for loan losses, and fair value accounting. It also provides direction for institutions assessing their operations and internal controls for regulatory considerations as well as discussions on existing regulatory reporting matters. Updates include: SAS No. 132, The Auditor's Consideration of an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern SSAE No. 18, Attestation Standards: Clarification and Recodification Note: FASB ASU No. 2016-13 will have a significant impact on the guide; however, incorporation of guidance will not occur until the 2018 or 2019 edition of the guide.

Download or read book Auditing and Assurance written by VARSHA AINAPURE and published by PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.. This book was released on 2009-10-23 with total page 1045 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether it is a balance sheet of a company, a cinema hall, or of a school; auditing evaluates all! This comprehensive book, now in its second edition, is a compendium of a textbook; a handbook of Auditing Standards; a question bank, and a compilation of model answers. This text is organized in four parts. Part 1 (Principles) enunciates the standards and the concepts, which form the bases of auditing. Part 2(Process) provides a stepwise description of the auditing process, adopted by the auditors while performing audit engagements. Part 3 (Performance) deals with the auditing engagement and shows how the verification of financial elements such as receipts, payments, purchases, sales, assets and liabilities is conducted. Part 4 (Practice) demonstrates the practical aspects of audits of specific entities such as private limited companies, charitable trusts, hospitals and so on. This book is primarily intended for the students of Chartered Accountancy (appearing for the CA-PCC examination), Cost Accounting, Company Secretary, and postgraduate students of Finance and Accounting. Apart from that, the book is also useful for the practising Chartered Accountants and Financial officers of companies, as a reference handbook. Key Features : Incorporates 67 practical questions (with structured solutions) to help the students to apply the principles to practical situations. Comprises 147 case studies to help identify the issues involved, place them in the right context and arrive at a correct conclusion. Provides 285 innovative true and false type questions (with their reasoned answers) to strengthen the grasp of the subject. Contains 1267 answer-in-brief questions, which are cross-referenced. New to this Edition : Explains all the latest Standards on Auditing applicable for financial years 2009–2010 and 2010–2011. Includes model answers for all relevant descriptive examination questions, asked in the CA-PCC/Final examinations till June 2009. Numerous newly drafted questions (true or false, answer-in-brief, descriptive type) on latest auditing standards with answers/cross references.

Download or read book Codification of Statements on Auditing Standards Numbers 122 to 138 2020 written by AICPA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 1791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2020 edition delivers the current Statements on Auditing Standards (SASs) and related interpretations in a codified format, giving up-to-date information needed to conduct successful audits and provide high-quality services to clients. Issued directly by the AICPA, this authoritative guidance is essential to fully understand the requirements associated with an audit. This edition includes the following new standards: SAS No. 136, Forming an Opinion and Reporting on Financial Statements of Employee Benefit Plans Subject to ERISA SAS No. 137, The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Other Information Included in Annual Reports SAS No. 138, Amendments to the Description of the Concept of Materiality