Download or read book Flowering Plants written by Armen Takhtajan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-06 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Armen Takhtajan is among the greatest authorities in the world on the evolution of plants. This book culminates almost sixty years of the scientist's research of the origin and classification of the flowering plants. It presents a continuation of Dr. Takhtajan’s earlier publications including “Systema Magnoliophytorum” (1987), (in Russian), and “Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants” (1997), (in English). In his latest book, the author presents a concise and significantly revised system of plant classification (‘Takhtajan system’) based on the most recent studies in plant morphology, embryology, phytochemistry, cytology, molecular biology and palynology. Flowering plants are divided into two classes: class Magnoliopsida (or Dicotyledons) includes 8 subclasses, 126 orders, c. 440 families, almost 10,500 genera, and no less than 195,000 species; and class Liliopsida (or Monocotyledons) includes 4 subclasses, 31 orders, 120 families, more than 3,000 genera, and about 65,000 species.This book contains a detailed description of plant orders, and descriptive keys to plant families providing characteristic features of the families and their differences.
Download or read book Dictionary of Trees Volume 2 South America written by M.M. Grandtner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-21 with total page 1171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dictionary of South American Trees provides a single-source reference for botanists, biologists, ecologists, and climatologists on the many native trees in South America. The index lets readers find a tree in four languages, by its common name, or abbreviation, followed by taxonomy that includes common uses for each part of the tree. Using this information, scientists and students can identify and classify plants, their growth structure and environment, the uses of their products, and alternative options with similar characteristics. - Complete coverage of all native South American trees—the only single-source reference for botanists, biologists, ecologists and climatologists working in this diverse and changing region - Includes taxonomy at genera, species, sub-species, and varietal levels, providing information from the most basic level up and allowing readers to identify their subjects using numerous criteria - Indicates Latin, English, French, and Spanish names as well as common names and abbreviations, facilitating accurate and efficient identification - Provides growth information, climatology, ecology and uses for the tree to provide insight into each tree as well as for comparative purposes when seeking similar tree-based resources
Download or read book The oil collecting bees of Centris Melanocentris Hymenoptera Apidae written by Felipe Vivallo and published by Felipe Vivallo. This book was released on 2022-04-15 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neotropical Region is one of the most diverse places in the world. In this region are found most of the lineages of bees that collect floral oils, a unique characteristic among insects. The genus Centris is an extensive group of this type of bees, which are distributed from the United States to Patagonia, in the extreme south of South America. The largest, most striking, colorful and beautiful species of the genus are found in the humid forests of South America, all of them forming part of the subgenus Centris (Melanocentris). This book brings a taxonomic review of all the species of this subgenus, including the description of numerous species hitherto unknown to science. Along with the description of these species, the new subgenus Centris (Odontoxys) is also described, which contains species that are distributed from Mexico to Argentina. The book also includes redescriptions and photographs of both sexes of all species, along with distribution maps, an identification key, and lists of material examined and of floral hosts.
Download or read book Ecology of Lianas written by Stefan Schnitzer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lianas are woody vines that were the focus of intense study by early ecologists, such as Darwin, who devoted an entire book to the natural history of climbing plants. Over the past quarter century, there has been a resurgence in the study of lianas, and liana are again recognized as important components of many forests, particularly in the tropics. The increasing amount of research on lianas has resulted in a fundamentally deeper understanding of liana ecology, evolution, and life-history, as well as the myriad roles lianas play in forest dynamics and functioning. This book provides insight into the ecology and evolution of lianas, their anatomy, physiology, and natural history, their global abundance and distribution, and their wide-ranging effects on the myriad organisms that inhabit tropical and temperate forests.
Download or read book Banisteriopsis Diplopterys Malpighiaceae written by Bronwen Gates and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Elsevier s Dictionary of Trees written by M.M. Grandtner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-04-08 with total page 1531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dictionary will present all currently accepted generic, specific, sub-specific and variety names of trees, excluding fossil and more recently extinct taxa, hybrids and cultivars. Only the indigenous trees of a continent, those wild species that were natural elements of the spontaneous forest vegetation before the arrival of Europeans or other colonizers, are included.Each generic entry includes the family to which it is assigned, the synonyms of the Latin name, and the English, French, Spanish, trade and other names. For the English and French names the standard name is listed first, followed by other available names with, in parentheses, the countries where they are used. Where appropriate, names in additional languages are also included.Each infrageneric (species, subspecies, variety) entry includes, in addition, the distribution, height, type of foliage, ecological characteristics and main uses of the tree when available.In this volume only taxa indigenous on the North American continent are included, considered in a geographical, not in a political sense. This means from Alaska and Greenland to Panama, including Caribbean, but excluding Hawaii.
Download or read book Malpighiaceae of India written by Ramesh Chandra Srivastava and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants written by Armen Leonovich Takhtadzhi͡an and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The culmination of more than fifty years of research by the foremost living expert on plant classification, Diversity and Classification of Flowering Plants is an important contribution to the field of plant taxonomy. In the last decade, the system of classifying plants has been thoroughly revised. Instead of describing every individual family, Takhtajan includes descriptions in keys to families, which he calls "descriptive keys." The advantage of descriptive keys is that they give both the characteristic features of the families and their differences. The delimitation of families and orders drastically differs from the one accepted by the Englerian school and from the one accepted in Arthur Cronquist's system. Takhtajan favors the smaller, more natural families and orders, which are more coherent and better-defined, where characters are easily grasped, and which are more suitable for information retrieval and phylogenetic studies, including cladistic analysis (because it reduces polymorphic codings).
Download or read book Origin of Tropical Diversity From Clades to Communities written by James Edward Richardson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume we aimed to assess progress in determining the processes by which current patterns of tropical biodiversity were established and are maintained. Tropical regions are highly species-rich and we present studies that have improved our understanding of the generation of that diversity at local, regional and global scales. We demonstrate how diverse fields from molecular phylogenetics, phylogeography, palaeontology and palaeoecology continue to improve our understanding of the natural history of the tropics.
Download or read book Flowering Plants Eudicots written by Klaus Kubitzki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-27 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents systematic treatments for the families and genera of the Malpighiales, which more recently have been recognised as a new major group of the eudicots. Apart from several herbaceous lineages (already treated in Vol. IX of this series), the order consists mainly of rainforest trees, particularly those of the understorey. Accompanied by other early eudicot lineages, this reflects the well-documented origin of the group as invaders into the conifer-, cycad- and seed fern-dominated forests of the Cretaceous which, at that time, were transformed into the tropical rainforest biome. In this volume, 24 families with 429 genera comprising over 12,000 species are treated. Many of these belong to the vast family of the Euphorbiaceae (here conceived in a broader sense), followed by the Violaceae, whereas some of the remaining families are very small and even relictual. The revised classification includes a complete inventory of the genera belonging to the families treated in this volume, along with their diagnostic features and keys for their identification. References to the latest taxonomic literature and links to many different disciplines important to modern plant systematics make the volume a valuable source of information on the manifold aspects of plant diversity.
Download or read book Atlas of Woody Plants in China written by Jingyun Fang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-10 with total page 2018 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Atlas of Woody Plants in China: Distribution and Climate” documents the spatially-explicit county-level distribution of all 11,405 woody plants in China, together with life form information for most species. It also provides climate information for each species, with the county-level average and range of 12 climatic indices and of vegetation net primary productivity. It is the first and largest comprehensive atlas in the world for the distribution of China’s plants and was compiled on the basis of almost all related literature published throughout China. The atlas should serve as an indispensable handbook for all those who are interested in the plants, ecology, geography, environment, horticulture, and silviculture of China and East Asia. Dr. Jingyun Fang is a Cheung Kong Professor at the Department of Ecology, Peking University, China. Dr. Zhiheng Wang and Dr. Zhiyao Tang are both ecologists working at the same institute.
Download or read book Flora of Barro Colorado Island written by Thomas B. Croat and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florenwerke, Panama.
Download or read book Systematics and Evolution of Xanthophyllum Polygalaceae written by R Van Der Meijden and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-14 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insights in plant metabolism and chemodiversity 2021 written by Laigeng Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-03 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 3280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about General Science and Scientific Theory and Method. The editors have built Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about General Science and Scientific Theory and Method in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in General Science and Scientific Theory and Method: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book De Apibus phantasticis generis Centris descripti a Johan Fabricius in 1804 stricto sensu cum descriptione specierum novarum ubi occurrunt flores quae visitant et quomodo eas cognoscimus written by Felipe Vivallo and published by Felipe Vivallo. This book was released on 2024-09-12 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the first described species of Centris, even before the description of the genus. Considering this fact, the entire layout and color palette draw inspiration from the books of naturalists of the XVIII and XIX centuries. For the creation of the cover, I used one of the beautiful designs made by the German naturalist and scientific illustrator Maria Sibylla Merian (1647–1717), one of the first women in history who dedicated herself to in situ observation of insects. The drawing corresponds to flowers of Iris latifolia (Mill.) Voss (Iridaceae), Delphinium sp. (Ranunculaceae), and Narcissus sp. (Amaryllidaceae) appearing in the third chapter of her work “Neues Blumenbuch: Florum Fasciculus Tertius: dritter Blumen-Theil”, published in 1680. Surrounding Maria’s flowers, were added digitized photos of some of the Centris species studied in the book using the photobashing, a technique that combines photographs with digital illustrations. The title of the book is made up of three paragraphs, indicating the topics that are discussed in it. The first is the main title, while the others complement the information in the first part, following the pattern used by ancient naturalists to name their works. Following this line, the text is written in Latin, the language in which science was disseminated at that time. Although the book is in English, there are some specific item titles that are also written in Latin. There were used the words “Territōrium” to refer to the distribution, “Materia typica” for type material, “Patria” for the type locality, “Commentārium” for comments, “Variātiō” for intraspecific variation, “Index flōrum” for floral records, and “Specimina examinata” to refer to the material examined. The organization of the figures in plates follows the pattern that I used in my previous books, except for those that show specimens in nature. In that case, images are organized according to the Fibonacci sequence –also called divine proportion– proposed by the Italian mathematician Leonardo de Pisa (1170–1240) and which has been associated since ancient times with ideas of harmony, beauty and perfection.
Download or read book Phyllotaxis and Symmetry in Angiosperms written by Jean-Paul Walch and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-08-27 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symmetry and the causes of shifts in different types of symmetries in flowers follow specific patterns that are ruled by developmental and genetic factors. Using a unified system of phyllotaxic equations, we have modeled the molecular mechanisms and pressure forces that act in inflorescence and floral meristems, giving flowers their organ arrangement. In this book, we state general physical principles, whereby the symmetry of the perianth is derived from the symmetry of certain TCP gene expression. Thus, we define the interplay between the expression of CYC2-like genes and the phyllotactic mechanisms. This new evo-devo approach is applied to major groups of angiosperms with predominantly actinomorphic flowers (in which rare zygomorphy is positional) and groups with mainly bilaterally symmetrical flowers (in which zygomorphy is constitutional). It has thus allowed us to revisit the contributions of the great floral morphologists of the 20th and early 21st centuries.
