Download or read book Malcolm X written by Clayborne Carson and published by Skyhorse. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FBI has made possible a reassembling of the history of Malcolm X that goes beyond any previous research. From the opening of his file in March of 1953 to his assassination in 1965, the story of Malcolm X’s political life is a gripping one. Shortly after he was released from a Boston prison in 1953, the FBI watched every move Malcolm X made. Their files on him totaled more than 3,600 pages, covering every facet of his life. Viewing the file as a source of information about the ideological development and political significance of Malcolm X, historian Clayborne Carson examines Malcolm’s relationship to other African-American leaders and institutions in order to define more clearly Malcolm’s place in modern history. With its sobering scrutiny of the FBI and the national policing strategies of the 1950s and 1960s, Malcolm X: The FBI File is one of a kind: never before has there been so much material on the assassination of Malcolm X in one conclusive volume.
Download or read book Activists Under Surveillance written by Jpat Brown and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selections from FBI files on political activists including Betty Friedan, Abbie Hoffman, Martin Luther King, Aaron Swartz, and Malcolm X. The FBI has always kept tabs on political activists. During the directorship of J. Edgar Hoover, it was a Bureau-wide obsession. Did you see that guy who didn't quite look like a journalist, taking pictures at a demonstration? He was probably FBI. Did you say something mildly subversive in a radio interview? It went in your file. Did you attend a meeting of a left-leaning organization? The attendee who didn't contribute but took copious notes was possibly an informant. This third volume of selected FBI files liberated by MuckRock documents the FBI's pursuit of activists and dissenters ranging from Margaret Sanger to Malcolm X. Despite the absence of evidence, Hoover suspected Communist influence in every political protest. He grilled Martin Luther King, Jr., about Communist sympathizers in the civil rights movement (while offering reporters off-the-record hints about King's extramarital affairs). The Bureau investigated the supposed threat posed by Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers but not threats to them, even after the detonation of a bomb in their office. The Bureau persevered: files on Holocaust survivor Hedy Epstein cover six decades, from unfounded rumors of Communist connections to her participation in a Black Lives Matter demonstration. Recently, we hoped against hope that a former FBI director would save us from our current political predicament. These documents remind us of the FBI's troubling history. The Activists Roger Nash Baldwin, Cesar Chavez, Hedy Epstein, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, Betty Friedan, Thelma Glass, Fred Hampton, Abbie Hoffman, Martin Luther King, Jr., Harvey Milk, Bayard Rustin, Margaret Sanger, Aaron Swartz, John Trudell, Malcolm X, Howard Zinn
Download or read book FBI File on Malcolm X written by United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Black Americans written by Kenneth O'Reilly and published by Carroll & Graf Pub. This book was released on 1994 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpts from the FBI's files on prominent African-American activists reveal the scope of the agency's surveillance
Download or read book Malcolm X written by Manning Marable and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2011-04-04 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pulitzer Prize for History and a New York Times bestseller, the definitive biography of Malcolm X Hailed as "a masterpiece" (San Francisco Chronicle), Manning Marable's acclaimed biography of Malcolm X finally does justice to one of the most influential and controversial figures of twentieth-century American history. Filled with startling new information and shocking revelations, Malcolm X unfolds a sweeping story of race and class in America. Reaching into Malcolm's troubled youth, it traces a path from his parents' activism as followers of Marcus Garvey through his own work with the Nation of Islam and rise in the world of black nationalism, and culminates in the never-before-told true story of his assassination. Malcolm X is a stunning achievement, the definitive work on one of our greatest advocates for social change.
Download or read book Malcolm X written by Clayborne Carson and published by Skyhorse Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2012-02 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the FBI's ongoing surveillance of Malcolm X and the events subsequent to his death twelve years later.
Download or read book The Judas Factor written by Karl Evanzz and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses interviews and declassified government documents to argue that the CIA conspired to monitor, manipulate, and finally silence the Black nationalist leader
Download or read book The Portable Malcolm X Reader written by Manning Marable and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A look at Malcolm X's life and times from his Pulitzer Prize–winning biographer, Manning Marable Manning Marable's Pulitzer Prize–winning biography, Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention, has reshaped perceptions of one of America's great revolutionary thinkers. This volume, the first collection of major documents addressing Malcolm X in decades, features never-before-published material, including articles from major newspapers and underground presses, oral histories, police reports, and FBI files, to shine a brighter light on Malcolm's life and times. Conceived as both a companion to the biography and a standalone volume, and assembled by Marable and his key researcher, Garrett Felber, prior to Marable's untimely death, The Portable Malcolm X Reader presents an invaluable portrait of Malcolm X. For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.
Download or read book Blood Brothers written by Randy Roberts and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An “engrossing and important book" (Wall Street Journal) that brings to life the fateful friendship between Malcolm X and Muhammad Ali In 1962, boxing writers and fans considered Cassius Clay an obnoxious self-promoter, and few believed that he would become the heavyweight champion of the world. But Malcolm X, the most famous minister in the Nation of Islam, saw the potential in Clay, not just for boxing greatness, but as a means of spreading the Nation’s message. The two became fast friends, keeping their interactions secret from the press for fear of jeopardizing Clay’s career. Clay began living a double life—a patriotic “good negro” in public, and a radical reformer behind the scenes. Soon, however, their friendship would sour, with disastrous and far-reaching consequences. Based on previously untapped sources, from Malcolm’s personal papers to FBI records, Blood Brothers is the first book to offer an in-depth portrait of this complex bond. An extraordinary narrative of love and deep affection, as well as deceit, betrayal, and violence, this story is a window into the public and private lives of two of our greatest national icons, and the tumultuous period in American history that they helped to shape.
Download or read book The Autobiography of Malcolm X written by Malcolm X and published by Penguin Modern Classics. This book was released on 1965 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malcolm X's blazing, legendary autobiography, completed shortly before his assassination in 1965, depicts a remarkable life: a child born into rage and despair, who turned to street-hustling and cocaine in the Harlem ghetto, followed by prison, where he converted to the Black Muslims and honed the energy and brilliance that made him one of the most important political figures of his time - and an icon in ours. It also charts the spiritual journey that took him beyond militancy, and led to his murder, a powerful story of transformation, redemption and betrayal. Vilified by his critics as an anti-white demagogue, Malcolm X gave a voice to unheard African-Americans, bringing them pride, hope and fearlessness, and remains an inspirational and controversial figure today.
Download or read book The Promise of Patriarchy written by Ula Yvette Taylor and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The patriarchal structure of the Nation of Islam (NOI) promised black women the prospect of finding a provider and a protector among the organization's men, who were fiercely committed to these masculine roles. Black women's experience in the NOI, however, has largely remained on the periphery of scholarship. Here, Ula Taylor documents their struggle to escape the devaluation of black womanhood while also clinging to the empowering promises of patriarchy. Taylor shows how, despite being relegated to a lifestyle that did not encourage working outside of the home, NOI women found freedom in being able to bypass the degrading experiences connected to labor performed largely by working-class black women and in raising and educating their children in racially affirming environments. Telling the stories of women like Clara Poole (wife of Elijah Muhammad) and Burnsteen Sharrieff (secretary to W. D. Fard, founder of the Allah Temple of Islam), Taylor offers a compelling narrative that explains how their decision to join a homegrown, male-controlled Islamic movement was a complicated act of self-preservation and self-love in Jim Crow America.
Download or read book The Messenger written by Karl Evanzz and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2011-09-07 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, eagerly anticipated, is the definitive biography of Elijah Muhammad (né Elija Poole), a sharecropper's son with a fourth- grade education who became one of the most controversial Americans of the twentieth century, the founder and "Prophet" of the Nation of Islam, a movement dedicated to black separatism and self-empowerment. Though Muhammad's main argument--that white people were innately evil ("devils," he called them)--ran counter to the precepts of orthodox Islam, he was the chief influence in the conversion of nearly four million African Americans to Islam, touching in the process the lives of figures ranging from Muhammad Ali and Jesse Jackson to Malcolm X and Louis Farrakhan. But in his desperate grasp for power, Muhammad also amassed a huge personal fortune at the expense of his followers. He was a party to ritualistic homicides, had illicit affairs galore, and was quick to betray his friends and charges, most notably Malcolm X. In brief, he violated every ideal and principle that he espoused. With the cooperation of some of Elijah Muhammad's children and former apostles and with access to previously unreleased FBI files, Karl Evanzz gives us an unprecedented account of the life of the man whose philosophy continues, long after his death, to shape race relations in America.
Download or read book The FBI and Religion written by Sylvester A. Johnson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2017-02-07 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Federal Bureau of Investigation has had a long and tortuous relationship with religion over almost the entirety of its existence. As early as 1917, the Bureau began to target religious communities and groups it believed were hotbeds of anti-American politics. Whether these religious communities were pacifist groups that opposed American wars, or religious groups that advocated for white supremacy or direct conflict with the FBI, the Bureau has infiltrated and surveilled religious communities that run the gamut of American religious life. The FBI and Religion recounts this fraught and fascinating history, focusing on key moments in the Bureau’s history. Starting from the beginnings of the FBI before World War I, moving through the Civil Rights Movement and the Cold War, up to 9/11 and today, this book tackles questions essential to understanding not only the history of law enforcement and religion, but also the future of religious liberty in America.
Download or read book The Ray Wood Story written by Reginald E. Wood, Jr. and published by . This book was released on 2021-02-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demanding racial equality in a system of oppression is a fight that resonated in the Black American community in the 1960's and still rings true today. From Malcolm X and Fred Hampton to Breonna Taylor and George Floyd, the crimes perpetrated by the police have shrouded America in a dark cloud of mystery, conspiracy, and corruption for far too long. The suspicious circumstances that surround the tragic assassination of Malcolm X at the Audubon Ballroom have been speculated about for over 55 years; and for 55 years, that same dark secret hovered over Raymond A Wood, an NYPD detective who served throughout the 1960's and 1970's. That was until today. In a heart wrenching confession held secret until his death, Raymond Wood reveals his and the government's cataclysmic involvement in the assassination of a prominent leader of the civil rights movement, the revered (or in the government's case, feared) Malcolm X. This is an account of an undercover detective's eyewitness and involvement in a ghastly scheme orchestrated by the NYPD that ultimately removed from this earth one of the most powerful, influential leaders of the 20th century.
Download or read book The Assassination of Malcolm X written by George Breitman and published by Pathfinder. This book was released on 1991 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: xposes the cover-up surrounding the murder of Malcolm X and probes once-secret FBI files that shed light on the government's hostility to him and point toward its complicity in the crime. Photos, diagram of the assassination, chronology, index. Appendix: secret FBI memos on the Black movement
Download or read book The Assassinations written by James DiEugenio and published by Feral House. This book was released on 2003 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Edited by historian DiEugenio, "Probe" magazine was a most respected investigative journal on the murders of John F. Kennedy, Robert Kennedy, Martin Luther King, and Malcolm X. "The Assassinations" is a collection of "Probe" articles that present possible answers to the enduring questions surrounding these events. Photos & illustrations.
Download or read book Malcolm X written by Michael Friedly and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carefully tracing the development of the animosity between Malcolm X and his former mentor Elijah Muhammed, this book explores in depth the turbulent emotional climate that surrounded the execution of Malcolm by five members of the Nation of Islam mosque on February 21, 1965. It describes in detail the police investigation, trial, and various conspiracy theories that followed. 8 pages of photographs.
