Download or read book Maintaining Utility Services for the Poor written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the dissolution of the communist state, utility prices were driven by political priorities in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. Utility prices were kept artificially low until the early 1990s. When the cost of these across-the-board price subsidies became unaffordable, one government after another decided to bring residential tariffs closer to supply costs. The resulting price adjustment process, however, turned out to be more painful than originally expected. Required large increase in the prices of utility services coincided with a decrease in household income. The household income decline paralleled increasing income polarization. As a result of these two trends, the percentage of the poor within the overall population reached alarming proportions in many countries. Paying utility bills became a major challenge for the rapidly growing army of poor households. Some governments simply pressured utility managers to be lenient with households who did not pay their utility bills. By the middle of the 1990s, most governments recognized that they could not afford leniency. They started to experiment with various subsidy schemes aimed at low income households. To help decision makers choose the best mechanism that suits their specific needs and priorities, 'Maintaining Utility Services for the Poor' provides a conceptual framework and methodology for the evaluation of utility subsidy mechanisms. It also presents the results of applying this methodology in Poland and Russia.
Download or read book Water Electricity and the Poor written by Kristin Komives and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the prevalence and variants of consumer subsidies found in the developing world and the effectiveness of these subsidies for the poor. It places consumer subsidies in a broader social protection framework and compares them with poverty-focused programmes in other sectors using a common metric. It concludes that the most common subsidy instruments perform poorly in comparison with most other transfer mechanisms. Alternative consumption and connection subsidy mechanisms show more promise, especially when combined with complementary non-price approaches to making utility services accessible and affordable to poor households. The many factors contributing to those outcomes are dissected, identifying those that can be controlled and used to improve performance.
Download or read book Public Utilities and the Poor written by David C. Sweet and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1987-11-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public Utilities and The Poor examines an often-neglected aspect of utility policy: the development of new policy directions for utility assistance to the low-income and the elderly. It focuses on the shift in utility assistance policy-making from the federal to the state, local, and neighborhood levels and on the resulting opportunity among private utilities for leadership in developing local programs. In addition, the authors propose that steps be taken to open up the policy-making process to make sure that all groups with a stake in the outcome are included.
Download or read book Making Transition Work for Everyone written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation This book brings together the latest findings on the nature and evolution of poverty and inequality in the region.
Download or read book Coping With the Cold written by Julian A. Lampietti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Poor s written by and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 2534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Deregulation and Its Discontents written by M. Ramesh and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . an extremely interesting collection, full of insights and institutional detail. . . The book definitely deserves the attention of those interested in one of the most debated issues of the last 20 years in economics and political science. Herb Thompson, Journal of Contemporary Asia Deregulation and its Discontents examines the different ways in which the issues related to deregulation and reregulation have been addressed in Asia. The role of government in business has gone through distinct, if overlapping, cycles: regulation, deregulation and reregulation. However, little is known about deregulation and even less about reregulation, particularly in relation to Asia. The contributors to this book examine the links between the cycles through detvailed analyses of the electricity market, pensions and stock markets in the Asia Pacific. They also offer an explanation of regulatory cycles. This unique and inter-disciplinary book is thoroughly accessible and will be suitable for specialist as well as non-specialist readers. It will appeal to academics and researchers of public sector economics, Asian studies and the political economy of Asia in particular as well as public officials dealing with regulatory issues.
Download or read book Energy Services for the World s Poor written by Penelope J. Brook and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book People and Power written by Julian A. Lampietti and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical insights on household behavior and electricity consumption patterns in this book reveal that, in Europe and Central Asia, the erosion of tariff based subsidies has disproportionately affected the poor, while direct transfers through social benefit systems have often been inadequately targeted. The book suggests alternative strategies for achieving cost-recovery in the electricity sector in a socially and politically acceptable manner, providing lessons that are equally relevant for other utilities and regions.
Download or read book The World Bank Research Program 2001 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a compilation of reports on research projects initiated, under way, or completed in fiscal year 2001 (July 1, 2000 through June 30, 2001). The abstracts cover 150 research projects from the World Bank and grouped under 11 major headings including poverty and social development, health and population, education, labor and employment, environment, infrastructure and urban development, and agriculture and rural development. The abstracts detail the questions addressed, the analytical methods used, the findings to date and their policy implications. Each abstract identifies the expected completion date of each project, the research team, and reports or publications produced.
Download or read book For Protection and Promotion written by Margaret Grosh and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-08-25 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Safety nets are noncontributory transfer programs targeted to the poor or vulnerable. They play important roles in social policy. Safety nets redistribute income, thereby immediately reducing poverty and inequality; they enable households to invest in the human capital of their children and in the livelihoods of their earners; they help households manage risk, both ex ante and ex post; and they allow governments to implement macroeconomic or sectoral reforms that support efficiency and growth. To be effective, safety nets must not only be well intended, but also well designed and well implemented. A good safety net system and its programs are tailored to country circumstances, adequate in their coverage and generosity, equitable, cost-effective, incentive compatible, and sustainable. Good safety nets are also dynamic and change over time as the economy changes or as management problems are solved and new standards are set. Drawing on a wealth of research, policy, and operational documents from both academia and the World Bank s work in over 100 countries, For Protection and Promotion provides pragmatic and informed guidance on how to design and implement safety nets, including useful information on how to define eligibility and select beneficiaries, set and pay benefits, and monitor and evaluate programs and systems. The book synthesizes the literature to date and enriches it with new examples on various program options cash transfers (conditional and unconditional), in-kind transfers, price subsidies, fee waivers, and public works. It concludes with a comprehensive diagnostic for fitting safety net systems and programs to specific circumstances.
Download or read book Balancing Act written by Caterina Ruggeri Laderchi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy makers in ECA are facing a balancing act between the competing claims of fiscal and environmental concerns on the one hand, and affordability and political economy concerns on the other. However, the needed reforms can be built on the improvements in social assistance and energy efficiency initiated in the last decade.
Download or read book Proceedings of the XIII International Symposium SymOrg 2012 Innovative Management and Business Performance written by and published by University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences . This book was released on 2012-06-03 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mobilizing private finance for local infrastructure in Europe and Central Asia written by Michel Noël and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation "In recent years, the countries of the Europe and Central Asia (ECA) Region have experienced a marked decline in the interest of international private operators and investors in municipal infrastructure projects, in line with the trend experienced in other emerging markets. The objective of this paper is to explore the possible innovative elements of a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in an effort to rekindle the sagging private finance interest in municipal infrastructure in the ECA Region. The contemplated PPP model would involve government, municipalities, Local Infrastructure Investment Trusts, private equity funds and/or turnaround advisors, and International Financial Institutions."
Download or read book Affordability and Subsidies in Public Urban Transport What Do We Mean What Can Be Done written by Nicolas Estupinan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Subsidy policies on public urban transport have been adopted ubiquitously. In both developed and developing countries, subsidies are implemented to make transport more affordable. Despite their widespread implementation, there are virtually no quantitative assessments of their distributional incidence, making it impossible to determine if these instruments are pro-poor. This paper reviews the arguments used to justify subsidy policies in public urban transport. Using different tools to quantitatively evaluate the incidence and distributive impacts of subsidy policy options, the paper analyzes the findings of a series of research papers that study urban public transport subsidy policies in developed and developing countries. The available evidence indicates that current public urban transport subsidy policies do not make the poorest better off. Supply-side subsidies are, for the most part, neutral or regressive; while demand-side subsidies perform better-although many of them do not improve income distribution. Considering that the policy objective is to improve the welfare of the poorest, it is imperative to move away from supply-side subsidies towards demand-side subsidies and to integrate transport social concerns into wider poverty alleviation efforts, which include the possibility of channeling subsidies through monetary transfer systems or through other transfer instruments (food subsidies, health services and education for the poor). The general conclusion of the paper is that more effort should be devoted to improve the targeting properties of public urban transport subsidies using means-testing procedures to ensure a more pro-poor incidence of subsidies.
Download or read book Challenges in Implementing Best Practices in Involuntary Resettlement written by Jayantha Perera and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infrastructure projects sometimes physically displace households and disrupt income sources and livelihoods. The Asian Development Bank offers several good governance practices to its borrowers to minimize such adverse impacts, especially since the absorption of such best practices by countries is usually slow and erratic. This publication presents an in-depth case study from a complex and sensitive infrastructure project in Sri Lanka, where international best practices in involuntary resettlement were successfully merged with local legal systems. The publication demonstrates that the application of best practices to infrastructure projects needs continuous consultations with affected people and a firm commitment of resources.
Download or read book Public Utility Service and Discrimination written by Ellsworth Nichols and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 1248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
