Download or read book Mainstream Anammox Potential Feasibility of Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Sidestream And Mainstream Anammox Based Systems Using Experimental and Mathematical Modelling Tools written by Parin Izadi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) process is an innovative alternative which is carried out by an entirely autotrophic method for shortcut N-removal in nitrogen cycle, in addition this technological advancement results in less aeration demand, decline in organic matter addition as well as nitrite reduction. Compared to conventional biological nitrogen removal processes, an ANAMMOX-based process can potentially save energy since it reduces oxygen requirement by around 60%, organic carbon utilization by 100%, and sludge production by approximately 90%. Due to low growth rates and cellular yields of autotrophic ammonia removal bacterial communities and their sensitivity to adverse environmental conditions, ANAMMOX reactor startup from conventional returned activated sludge has become a major challenge. This comprehensive study aimed to understand the engineering aspects and practical applications of ANAMMOX-based autotrophic nitrogen removal processes and overcome the current challenges. Fast start-up using micro-granular development of ANAMMOX reactor was investigated to evaluate ANAMMOX activity, population dynamics and core community members as well as the potential start-up options for mainstream municipal ANAMMOX process, in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor seeded with municipal returned activated sludge (RAS). The micro-granular UASB reactor has been operated under steady-state conditions with average nitrogen loading rate ranging from 1.2 to 0.18 KgN /m3/day and the average SRT of the reactor ranged from 36 to 72 days. Subsequently, a set of manometric batch experiments to evaluate ANAMMOX performance efficiency in different conditions with a distinct emphasis on high-temperature mainstream conditions. To better assess the response and overall performance of the ANAMMOX system in a long-term operation period and to evaluate the possibility of using mathematical modelling for process prediction, intended for potential future scale-ups, a BioWin model was adapted. The results of this study, provide an alternative and efficient configuration for ANAMMOX cultivation and demonstrate the effectiveness and high performance efficiency of micro-sized granules in both sidestream and mainstream ANAMMOX processes. The section of the research focusing on mainstream processes highlights the factors monitoring and promoting the growth of ANAMMOX bacteria in mainstream wastewater treatment which can potentially guide the future implementation of ANAMMOX-based technologies. This study also confirms the reliability of ANAMMOX-based process modeling and high predictive ability with BioWin, being a valuable in enhancing the efficiency of UASB-ANAMMOX practical operation in an industrial scale.

Download or read book Aerobic Granular Sludge written by S. Bathe and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerobic Granular Sludge has recently received growing attention by researchers and technology developers, worldwide. Laboratory studies and preliminary field tests led to the conclusion that granular activated sludge can be readily established and profitably used in activated sludge plants, provided 'correct' process conditions are chosen. But what makes process conditions 'correct'? And what makes granules different from activated sludge flocs? Answers to these question are offered in Aerobic Granular Sludge. Major topics covered in this book include: Reasons and mechanism of aerobic granule formation Structure of the microbial population of aerobic granules Role, composition and physical properties of EPS Diffuse limitation and microbial activity within granules Physio-chemical characteristics Operation and application of granule reactors Scale-up aspects of granular sludge reactors, and case studies Aerobic Granular Sludge provides up-to-date information about a rapidly emerging new technology of biological treatment.

Download or read book Feasibility of Mainstream Nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria Out selection and Anammox Polishing for Enhanced Nitrogen Removal written by Pusker Raj Regmi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Combined Sharon Anammox Process written by L. G. J. M. van Dongen and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater treatment management, alongside many other industries, is seeking to attain a higher degree of sustainability for its processes by focusing on new technologies which minimise the consumption of resources or even recover them from the wastewater. Conventional removal of ammonium requires usually large amounts of energy for aeration and organic carbon for denitrification. This report focuses on making the nitrogen-removal process more sustainable. This can be achieved by a partial oxidation of ammonium to nitrite, after which the nitrate produced can be converted into nitrogen gas with the rest of ammonium under anoxic conditions. The treatment of nitrogen-rich water can be carried out beneficially by a combination of the Sharon process with the Anammox process. In this combined process less than 50% of the aeration energy is needed, no COD is required and an insignificant amount of sludge is produced. In this Report the potential of using this technology for the treatment of water arising from sludge treatment at a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is evaluated and the results of the operation of the system are described in detail. This reject water contains a significant fraction of the N-load towards the wastewater treatment plant. The results are used in an economic evaluation of a potential full scale installation. The Combined Sharon/Anammox Process Report will provide an invaluable source of information for all those concerned with the efficient and sustainable treatment of wastewater including plant managers, process designers, consultants and researchers.

Download or read book Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal from Low Concentrated Effluents written by Javier Adrián Sánchez Guillén and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On a global scale, sewage represents the main point-source of water pollution and is also the predominant source of nitrogen contamination in urban regions. The present research is focused on the study of the main challenges that need to be addressed in order to achieve a successful inorganic nitrogen post-treatment of anaerobic effluents in the mainstream. The post-treatment is based on autotrophic nitrogen removal. The challenges are classified in terms of operational features and system configuration, namely: (i) the short-term effects of organic carbon source, the COD/N ratio and the temperature on the autotrophic nitrogen removal; the results from this study confirms that the Anammox activity is strongly influenced by temperature, in spite of the COD source and COD/N ratios applied. (ii) The long-term performance of the Anammox process under low nitrogen sludge loading rate (NSLR) and moderate to low temperatures; it demonstrates that NSLR affects nitrogen removal efficiency, granular size and biomass concentration of the bioreactor. (iii) The Anammox cultivation in a closed sponge-bed trickling filter (CSTF) and (iv) the autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite in a sponge-bed trickling filter (STF). Both types of Anammox sponge-bed trickling filters offer a plane technology with good nitrogen removal efficiency.

Download or read book A B processes Towards Energy Self sufficient Municipal Wastewater Treatment written by Yu Liu and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-11-15 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principle of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) for municipal wastewater treatment is primarily based on biological oxidation by which organic matters are converted to biomass and carbon dioxide. After more than 100 years’ successful application, the CAS process is receiving increasing critiques on its high energy consumption and excessive sludge generation. Currently, almost all municipal wastewater treatment plants with the CAS as a core process are being operated in an energy-negative fashion. To tackle such challenging situations, there is a need to re-examine the present wastewater treatment philosophy by developing and adopting novel process configurations and emerging technologies. The solutions going forward should rely on the ways to improve direct energy recovery from wastewater, while minimizing in-plant energy consumption. This book begins with a critical overview of the energy situation and challenges in current municipal wastewater treatment plants, showing the necessity of the paradigm shift from removal to recovery in terms of energy and resource. As such, the concept of A-B process is discussed in detail in the book. It appears that various A-B process configurations are able to provide possible engineering solutions in which A-stage is primarily designed for COD capture with the aim for direct anaerobic treatment without producing excessive biosludge, while B-stage is designated for nitrogen removal. Making the wastewater treatment energy self-sustainable is obviously of global significance and eventually may become a game changer for the global market of the municipal wastewater reclamation technology. The principal audiences include practitioners, professionals, university researchers, undergraduate and postgraduate students who are interested and specialized in municipal wastewater treatment and process design, environmental engineering, and environmental biotechnology.

Download or read book Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal from Municipal Wastewater Based on Anammox written by Michele Laureni and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sustainable nitrogen removal in emerging pollutant contaminated wastewater Technology application and risk assessment written by Zhaoming Zheng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-29 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Feasibility of Combined Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Processes for the Treatment of High strength Nitrogen Wastewaters written by Stijn Wyffels and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book FISH Handbook for Biological Wastewater Treatment written by Per Halkjaer Nielsen and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FISH Handbook for Biological Wastewater Treatment provides all the required information for the user to be able to identify and quantify important microorganisms in activated sludge and biofilms by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and epifluorescence microscopy. It has for some years been clear that most microorganisms in biological wastewater systems cannot be reliably identified and quantified by conventional microscopy or by traditional culture-dependent methods such as plate counts. Therefore, molecular biological methods are vital and must be introduced instead of, or in addition to, conventional methods. At present, FISH is the most widely used and best tested of these methods. This handbook presents all relevant information from the literature and, based on the extensive experience of the authors, advice and recommendations are given for reliable FISH identification and quantification. The overall purpose of the book is to help scientists, consultants, students, and plant operators to get an overview of important microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment and to explain how FISH can be used for detecting and quantifying these microbes. A proper and reliable identification of dominant microorganisms is of great importance for research and new developments in the wastewater treatment industry, and it is important for optimization and troubleshooting of operational problems in present wastewater treatment plants. The book encompasses an overview of dominant microorganisms present in the wastewater treatment systems, which oligonucleotide probes (gene probes) to select for detection of these microbes by FISH, how to perform FISH (detailed protocols), how to quantify the microbes, and how to solve common problems of FISH. The book addresses several functional groups: nitrifiers, denitrifiers, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms, glycogen-accumulating organisms, bacteria involved in hydrolysis and fermentation, filamentous bacteria from bulking sludge, and scum-forming bacteria. A comprehensive collection of FISH-images showing dominant representatives of these groups helps readers to use FISH in the context of wastewater treatment.

Download or read book Post Treatments of Anaerobically Treated Effluents written by Vinay Kumar Tyagi and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The anaerobic process is considered to be a sustainable technology for organic waste treatment mainly due to its lower energy consumption and production of residual solids coupled with the prospect of energy recovery from the biogas generated. However, the anaerobic process cannot be seen as providing the ‘complete’ solution as its treated effluents would typically not meet the desired discharge limits in terms of residual carbon, nutrients and pathogens. This has given impetus to subsequent post treatment in order to meet the environmental legislations and protect the receiving water bodies and environment. This book discusses anaerobic treatment from the perspective of organic wastes and wastewaters (municipal and industrial) followed by various post-treatment options for anaerobic effluent polishing and resource recovery. Coverage will also be from the perspective of future trends and thoughts on anaerobic technologies being able to support meeting the increasingly stringent disposal standards. The resource recovery angle is particularly interesting as this can arguably help achieve the circular economy. It is intended the information can be used to identify appropriate solutions for anaerobic effluent treatment and possible alternative approaches to the commonly applied post-treatment techniques. The succeeding discussion is intended to lead on to identification of opportunities for further research and development. This book can be used as a standard reference book and textbook in universities for Master and Doctoral students. The academic community relevant to the subject, namely faculty, researchers, scientists, and practicing engineers, will find the book both informative and as a useful source of successful case studies.

Download or read book Phosphorus Polluter and Resource of the Future written by Christian Schaum and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book provides an up-to-date and international approach that addresses the Motivations, Technologies and Assessment of the Elimination and Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater. This book is part of the Integrated Environmental Technology Series.

Download or read book Anammox Granular Biomass Adaptation in Warm Regions written by Guilherme Lelis Giglio and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting-up an anammox-based mainstream reactor by inoculating enriched sidestream-based biomass is a promising strategy for enhancing nitrogen removal in sewage treatment plants (STPs). However, implementation of anammox-based processes face challenges due to low temperatures and reduced nitrogen concentrations in mainstream wastewaters. Nonetheless, in warm regions, where anaerobic reactors have been successfully implemented in STPs, the mesophilic temperatures of wastewaters can facilitate the adoption of mainstream anammox. In this context, three bench-scale up-flow reactors (R1, R2, and R3) were used to assess the feasibility of applying mainstream anammox-based reactors in warm regions. To perform the anammox process, R1 and R2 were fed with synthetic medium composed with a nitrite/ammonium ratio (NO2--N/N-NH4+-N) of 1.32 and free from organic matter (OM). A portion of the anammox granular biomass, enriched for 607 days in R1 (sidestream), was transferred in R2 (mainstream) to treat synthetic domestic sewage with low nitrogen concentration under mesophilic temperatures. In R2, over 34 days, the nitrogen concentration was gradually decreased from 232 to 50 mgN.L-1, followed by a temperature reduction from 37 to 30 and finally to 25°C over 31 days. During the 65-day period, a high nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of 87.3 ± 4.7% was obtained in R2 with a nitrogen loading rate (NLR) ranging from 1.0 to 1.4 kgN.m-3.d-1. Adapted granular anammox biomass from R2 was used to start-up the R3. Nitrite supplementation was ceased to allow its production through automated intermittent aeration (AIA) and observe the occurrence of the partial nitritation-anammox (PNA) process in R3 (mainstream PNA). However, the adapted granular anammox biomass did not establish the PNA process by the AIA mode. Biomolecular analysis revealed that the biomass transferred from R2 to R3 had a high relative abundance of the anammox Candidatus Brocadia bacteria (29.4%), but no ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were identified. When nitrite supplementation was reintroduced within AIA, the NRE reached 63% in R3, but no contribution of PNA was observed.

Download or read book Advanced Biological Processes for Wastewater Treatment written by Márcia Dezotti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-12 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent developments in advanced biological treatment technologies that are attracting increasing attention or that have a high potential for large-scale application in the near future. It also explores the fundamental principles as well as the applicability of the engineered bioreactors in detail. It describes two of the emerging technologies: membrane bioreactors (MBR) and moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBR), both of which are finding increasing application worldwide thanks to their compactness and high efficiency. It also includes a chapter dedicated to aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology, and discusses the main features and applications of this promising process, which can simultaneously remove organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and is considered a breakthrough in biological wastewater treatment. Given the importance of removing nitrogen compounds from wastewater, the latest advances in this area, including new processes for nitrogen removal (e.g. Anammox), are also reviewed. Developments in molecular biology techniques over the last twenty years provide insights into the complex microbial diversity found in biological treatment systems. The final chapter discusses these techniques in detail and presents the state-of-the-art in this field and the opportunities these techniques offer to improve process performance.

Download or read book Innovative Wastewater Treatment Resource Recovery Technologies Impacts on Energy Economy and Environment written by Juan M. Lema and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.

Download or read book Biological nitrogen removal from low carbon wastewater written by Chongjun Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-03-29 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: