Download or read book Macroeconomic Forecasts for the Republic of China Hong Kong and the Republic of Korea written by John Malcolm Dowling and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book People s Republic of China Hong Kong Special Administrative Region written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper reviews medium-term fiscal challenges for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (Hong Kong SAR). It focuses on key considerations that need to be evaluated when formulating a medium-term reserves policy in the face of fiscal challenges, such as accommodating future spending pressures and revenue fluctuations. The broad conclusion of the paper is that fiscal reserves will likely remain an important feature of future fiscal policy. The paper also discusses more general aspects of Hong Kong SAR’s economy’s competitiveness, and the outlook for Hong Kong SAR’s financial center.
Download or read book Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia China and India 2021 Reallocating Resources for Digitalisation written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2021 edition of the Outlook addresses reallocation of resources to digitalisation in response to COVID-19, with special focuses on health, education and Industry 4.0. During the COVID-19 crisis, digitalisation has proved critical to ensuring the continuity of essential services.
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 1046 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book China s Economic Rise written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-09-17 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization 36 years ago, China maintained policies that kept the economy very poor, stagnant, centrally-controlled, vastly inefficient, and relatively isolated from the global economy. Since opening up to foreign trade and investment and implementing free market reforms in 1979, China has been among the world's fastest-growing economies, with real annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging nearly 10% through 2016. In recent years, China has emerged as a major global economic power. It is now the world's largest economy (on a purchasing power parity basis), manufacturer, merchandise trader, and holder of foreign exchange reserves.The global economic crisis that began in 2008 greatly affected China's economy. China's exports, imports, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows declined, GDP growth slowed, and millions of Chinese workers reportedly lost their jobs. The Chinese government responded by implementing a $586 billion economic stimulus package and loosening monetary policies to increase bank lending. Such policies enabled China to effectively weather the effects of the sharp global fall in demand for Chinese products, but may have contributed to overcapacity in several industries and increased debt by Chinese firms and local government. China's economy has slowed in recent years. Real GDP growth has slowed in each of the past six years, dropping from 10.6% in 2010 to 6.7% in 2016, and is projected to slow to 5.7% by 2022.The Chinese government has attempted to steer the economy to a "new normal" of slower, but more stable and sustainable, economic growth. Yet, concerns have deepened in recent years over the health of the Chinese economy. On August 11, 2015, the Chinese government announced that the daily reference rate of the renminbi (RMB) would become more "market-oriented." Over the next three days, the RMB depreciated against the dollar and led to charges that China's goal was to boost exports to help stimulate the economy (which some suspect is in worse shape than indicated by official Chinese economic statistics). Concerns over the state of the Chinese economy appear to have often contributed to volatility in global stock indexes in recent years.The ability of China to maintain a rapidly growing economy in the long run will likely depend largely on the ability of the Chinese government to implement comprehensive economic reforms that more quickly hasten China's transition to a free market economy; rebalance the Chinese economy by making consumer demand, rather than exporting and fixed investment, the main engine of economic growth; boost productivity and innovation; address growing income disparities; and enhance environmental protection. The Chinese government has acknowledged that its current economic growth model needs to be altered and has announced several initiatives to address various economic challenges. In November 2013, the Communist Party of China held the Third Plenum of its 18th Party Congress, which outlined a number of broad policy reforms to boost competition and economic efficiency. For example, the communique stated that the market would now play a "decisive" role in allocating resources in the economy. At the same time, however, the communique emphasized the continued important role of the state sector in China's economy. In addition, many foreign firms have complained that the business climate in China has worsened in recent years. Thus, it remains unclear how committed the Chinese government is to implementing new comprehensive economic reforms.China's economic rise has significant implications for the United States and hence is of major interest to Congress. This report provides background on China's economic rise; describes its current economic structure; identifies the challenges China faces to maintain economic growth; and discusses the challenges, opportunities, and implications of China's economic rise.
Download or read book Development Centre Studies Chinese Economic Performance in the Long Run written by Maddison Angus and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1998-09-25 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study provides a major reassessment of the scale and scope of China’s resurgence over the past half century, employing quantitative measurement techniques which are standard practice in OECD countries, but which have not hitherto been available for China.
Download or read book ERD Working Paper Series written by and published by DIANE Publishing Inc.. This book was released on with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Asian Development Outlook 2020 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 737 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a disappointing 2019, growth prospects in developing Asia have worsened under the impact of the current health crisis. Signs of incipient recovery near the turn of this year were quickly overthrown as COVID-19 broke out in January 2020 in the region’s largest economy and subsequently expanded into a global pandemic. Disruption to regional and global supply chains, trade, and tourism, and the continued spread of the outbreak, leave the region reeling under massive economic shocks and financial turmoil. Across Asia, the authorities are responding with policies to contain the outbreak, facilitate medical interventions, and support vulnerable businesses and households. Assuming that the outbreak is contained this year, growth is expected to recover in 2021. Especially to face down fundamental threats such as the current medical emergency, innovation is critical to growth and development. As some economies in developing Asia challenge the innovation frontier, many others lag. More and better innovation is needed in the region to sustain growth that is more inclusive and environmentally sustainable. Five key drivers of innovation are sound education, productive entrepreneurship, high-quality institutions, efficient financial systems, and dynamic cities that excite knowledge exchange. The journey to creating an innovative society takes long-term commitment and hard work.
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2020 Issue 1 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD's twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years. This issue includes a general assessment of the macroeconomic situation, a series of notes on the macroeconomic and structural policy issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak and a chapter summarising developments and providing projections for each individual country.
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2021 Issue 2 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic is uneven and becoming imbalanced. The OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2021 Issue 2, highlights the continued benefits of vaccinations and strong policy support for the global economy, but also points to the risks and policy challenges arising from supply constraints and rising inflation pressures.
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2021 Issue 1 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Economic Outlook, Volume 2021 Issue 1, highlights the improved prospects for the global economy due to vaccinations and stronger policy support, but also points to uneven progress across countries and key risks and challenges in maintaining and strengthening the recovery.
Download or read book Measuring Competitiveness in the World s Smallest Economies written by Ganeshan Wignaraja and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attempts to measure competitiveness (CP) across countries have typically neglected the world¿s smallest economies. Hence, a simple composite index, the Small State Manufactured Export CP Index or SSMECI, was developed to benchmark industrial CP. The SSMECI represents the first attempt to provide a comprehensive picture of the CP performance of small states. The performance of small states varies across geographical regions, income groups, & country size classes. High-performing small states had better macroeconomic conditions, higher levels of foreign invest., more trade openness, better levels of educ., & modern infrastructure. A coherent, market-oriented CP strategy in small states is vital to success on international markets. Tables.
Download or read book Framework for Establishing Priorities in a Country Poverty Reduction Strategy written by Ron Duncan and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the history & progress of understanding development theory over the past 50 years. Development thinking has evolved from an early paradigm that focused on savings & capital investment to subsequent arguments favoring the inclusion of human capital, policy, technical change, & finally to the inclusion of the role of institutions, & good governance. Secure property rights in the broadest sense, which are applicable to all resources & not just land, are particularly important to realize investment yield. This evolution of development thought describes a conceptual framework that can guide development practitioners in prioritizing, sequencing, & characterizing all interventions aimed at reducing poverty.
Download or read book Asian Development Outlook 2012 Update written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2012-10-01 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the findings in the Asian Development Outlook 2012 Update, dimming global growth prospects and soft domestic demand in the region’s two largest economies are slowing the pace of developing Asia’s expansion. Growth is now expected to slide from 7.2% in 2011 to 6.1% in 2012, with a bounce back to 6.7% in 2013. The possibility of a shock emanating from the unresolved euro area sovereign debt crisis or a sharp fiscal contraction in the United States pose the biggest downside risks to the economy. Fortunately, most developing Asian economies have room to counteract such shocks with fiscal and monetary policy. However, there is currently no regionwide need for countercyclical policy intervention.
Download or read book Measuring Willingness to Pay for Electricity written by Peter Choynowski and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2008-05 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The measurement of willingness to pay for electricity relies critically on a reliable estimate of the demand for electricity function. Empirical work tends to assume that the demand for electricity has no satiation point. Many electricity demand models assume a constant price elasticity, which implies infinite demand at low prices. This report proposes a plausible functional form for the demand of electricity. The proposed functional form is consistent with two properties of electricity demand functions for households & firms, namely, the negative relationships between price & quantity, & the finiteness of demand at zero price. The report also demonstrates that this functional form of the demand function leads to easily estimable economic benefits of electricity.
Download or read book Asia Bond Monitor September 2021 written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the second quarter of 2021, rising COVID-19 cases have cast a shadow over emerging East Asia's growth outlook. Yet the region's financial conditions remain broadly stable amid accommodative monetary policy stances despite some weakening signs. Local currency (LCY) bond markets in emerging East Asia expanded to $21.1 trillion at the end of June, as governments tapped LCY bonds to support recovery measures and contain the negative impact of rising COVID-19 cases. The ASEAN+3 sustainable bond market expanded to $345.2 billion at the end of Q2 2021, accounting for nearly 19% of the global sustainable bond market. The risk to the outlook for regional financial markets remains tilted to the downside. Uncertainty over recovery prospects due to COVID-19, combined with a strong US economic rebound and possible earlier-than-expected monetary policy normalization in the US, could lead to further weakening of financial conditions. This issue of the Asia Bond Monitor features special boxes on emerging East Asia's economic outlook, market capacity and central banks’ asset purchasing programs, debt build-up, and social risk in developing Asia.
Download or read book OECD Economic Outlook Volume 2019 Issue 2 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD's twice-yearly analysis of the major economic trends and prospects for the next two years. The Outlook puts forward a consistent set of projections for output, employment, prices, fiscal and current account balances. Coverage is provided for all OECD member countries as well as for selected non-member countries.
