Download or read book Lower Extremity Finite Element Model for Crash Simulation written by D. A. Schauer and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Lower Extremity Finite Element Model for Crash Simulation written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lower extremity model has been developed to study occupant injury mechanisms of the major bones and ligamentous soft tissues resulting from vehicle collisions. The model is based on anatomically correct digitized bone surfaces of the pelvis, femur, patella and the tibia. Many muscles, tendons and ligaments were incrementally added to the basic bone model. We have simulated two types of occupant loading that occur in a crash environment using a non-linear large deformation finite element code. The modeling approach assumed that the leg was passive during its response to the excitation, that is, no active muscular contraction and therefore no active change in limb stiffness. The approach recognized that the most important contributions of the muscles to the lower extremity response are their ability to define and modify the impedance of the limb. When nonlinear material behavior in a component of the leg model was deemed important to response, a nonlinear constitutive model was incorporated. The accuracy of these assumptions can be verified only through a review of analysis results and careful comparison with test data. As currently defined, the model meets the objective for which it was created. Much work remains to be done, both from modeling and analysis perspectives, before the model can be considered complete. The model implements a modeling philosophy that can accurately capture both kinematic and kinetic response of the lower limb. We have demonstrated that the lower extremity model is a valuable tool for understanding the injury processes and mechanisms. We are now in a position to extend the computer simulation to investigate the clinical fracture patterns observed in actual crashes. Additional experience with this model will enable us to make a statement on what measures are needed to significantly reduce lower extremity injuries in vehicle crashes. 6 refs.

Download or read book Basic Finite Element Method as Applied to Injury Biomechanics written by King-Hay Yang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-09-22 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic Finite Element Method as Applied to Injury Biomechanics provides a unique introduction to finite element methods. Unlike other books on the topic, this comprehensive reference teaches readers to develop a finite element model from the beginning, including all the appropriate theories that are needed throughout the model development process. In addition, the book focuses on how to apply material properties and loading conditions to the model, how to arrange the information in the order of head, neck, upper torso and upper extremity, lower torso and pelvis and lower extremity. The book covers scaling from one body size to the other, parametric modeling and joint positioning, and is an ideal text for teaching, further reading and for its unique application to injury biomechanics. With over 25 years of experience of developing finite element models, the author's experience with tissue level injury threshold instead of external loading conditions provides a guide to the "do’s and dont's" of using finite element method to study injury biomechanics. Covers the fundamentals and applications of the finite element method in injury biomechanics Teaches readers model development through a hands-on approach that is ideal for students and researchers Includes different modeling schemes used to model different parts of the body, including related constitutive laws and associated material properties

Download or read book Finite Element Analysis of Automotive Structures Under Crash Loadings Volume I Summary Final Report written by R. E. Welch and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Refinement of Finite Element Analysis of Automobile Structures Under Crash Loading written by Kim S. Yeung and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Novel Approach to Identify the Difference in Kinematic Behavior of Human Model Lower Extremities with Respect to Muscle Activation During Impact Crash Responses Using OpenSim written by Kishan Srinivas Indrani and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this thesis is to develop a computational human musculoskeletal model to investigate the change in the kinematic behavior of the model's lower extremities under the influence of activated (active) and deactivated (passive) muscles during a representation frontal collision using OpenSim software. Since OpenSim is seldom used in crash simulations, an appropriate model evaluation is performed by comparing the model's kinematics, obtained from the OpenSim's inverse dynamic simulation, against LS-DYNA's explicit non-linear side impact simulation of a finite element model for a car-pedestrian collision. The required musculoskeletal model is constructed in OpenSim and scaled to meet the requirements of the Hybrid III 50th Percentile crash test dummy. For evaluating the developed model, the kinematics from both programs (OpenSim and LS-DYNA), containing identical displacement data, is compared by visual observation of identical time frames. Using the evaluated model in the forward dynamics domain of OpenSim, a representative frontal crash simulation is conducted for the active and passive muscle states of the model, and the kinematic difference in its lower extremities is observed and compared. The results were also compared to MADYMO's human body model simulations conducted under similar conditions. This study indicates that the role of the muscle activation on the human body responses during a car collision is important. The novel technique developed and utilized in this study is shown to be quite useful in modeling and simulation of a car occupant's real kinematic response during a car collision.

Download or read book Human Lower Extremities written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proposed research plan will focus on the issues surrounding the lower extremities. The research plan can be divided into three categories: 1) Computer simulation and the development of finite element models, 2) The testing and determination of material properties for several biological tissues, and 3)The physical testing of various biological components for impact response and FEM model validation. The following chapters will provide the necessary information needed including a description of current research in lower extremity modeling at the National Crash Analysis Center. Additionally, they will describe the proposed research methodology and present the three year plan for accomplishing the tasks at hand.

Download or read book Pedestrian and Cyclist Impact written by Ciaran Simms and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to present pedestrian injuries from a biomechanical perspective. We aim to give a detailed treatment of the physics of pedestrian impact, as well as a review of the accident databases and the relevant injury criteria used to assess pedestrian injuries. A further focus will be the effects on injury outcome of (1) pedestrian/vehicle position and velocity at impact and (2) the influence of vehicle design on injury outcome. Most of the content of this book has been published by these and other authors in various journals, but this book will provide a comprehensive treatment of the biomechanics of pedestrian impacts for the first time. It will therefore be of value to new and established researchers alike.

Download or read book The Intelligent Safety of Automobile written by Jianqiang Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-11-27 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book expounds the current research and development trend of intelligent safety technology of automobile, and analyzes and excavates the new safety technology to the automobile. It introduces the basic theory, core method, key technology, main system, test evaluation and innovation practice of intelligent safety of automobile for readers, providing a certain theoretical and practical basis for the safety development of the automobile.This book is elaborated from the perspective of the driver-vehicle-road system. The traffic accidents are divided into three stages for discussion: before, during and after the collision. This book constructs a new systematic structure for Safety theory and technical system of several key links, including system safety, operation safety, intelligent protection and safety evaluation. It will be a useful reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of automobile engineering and auto pilot.

Download or read book Man Machine Environment System Engineering Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on MMESE written by Shengzhao Long and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-21 with total page 899 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering: Proceedings of the 21st Conference on MMESE is the academic showcase of best research papers selected from more than 500 submissions each year. From this book reader will learn the best research topics and the latest development trend in MMESE design theory and other human-centered system application.MMESE focus mainly on the relationship between Man, Machine and Environment. It studies the optimum combination of man-machine-environment systems. In the system, the Man means the working people as the subject in the workplace (e.g. operator, decision-maker); the Machine means the general name of any object controlled by the Man (including tool, Machinery, Computer, system and technology), the Environment means the specially working conditions under which Man and Machine occupy together(e.g. temperature, noise, vibration, hazardous gases etc.). The three goals of the optimization of the system are safety, efficiency and economy.In 1981 with direct support from one of the greatest modern Chinese scientists, Qian Xuesen, Man-Machine-Environment System Engineering (MMESE), the integrated and advanced science research topic was established in China by Professor Shengzhao Long. In the letter to Shengzhao Long, in October 22nd, 1993, Qian Xuesen wrote: “You have created a very important modern science subject and technology in China!”.

Download or read book Human Finite Element Modeling with Applications for Vehicle Occupant and Crashworthiness Simulations written by Paul George Bedewi and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analytical Finite Element Simulation Model for Structural Crashworthiness Prediction Interim Report written by John Nicholas Rossettos and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Finite Element Analysis of Automotive Structures Under Crash Loadings Volume II Technical Report Final Report written by R. E. Welch and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Simulation of Collision Deformaitons written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Finite Element Head Injury Model written by T. A. Shugar and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analytical Finite Element Simulation Model for Structural Crashworthiness Prediction written by J. Rossettos and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: