Download or read book Low level Measurements and Their Applications to Environmental Radioactivity written by Manuel García-León and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Low level Measurements Of Radioactivity In The Environment Techniques And Applications Proceedings Of The Third International Summer School written by M Garcia-leon and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-07-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the lectures, seminars and abstracts of short communications delivered at the above summer school. The talks are an updated account of the methods used in the detection of radioactivity in nature and in the study of its spread in the environment.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Summer School on Low Level Measurements and their Applications to Environmental Radioactivity 1 written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Summer School on Low Level Measurements and their Applications to Environmental Radioactivity 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Low Level Environmental Radioactivity written by Richard Tykva and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-04-13 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Introduction Low-level radioactivity is related to those radioactive sources of ionizing radiation that are characterized by low activities. Sometimes activity here does not represent total amount of radionuclides but rather their concentration. In other cases, the total activity may be quite high, but we can measure only a relatively small portion of the material. "Low" may have, for different situations and circumstances, not only considerably different meanings but also different absolute values as far as the activity or activity concentration is concerned. For example, one can refer to low activity in the case of radiocarbon dating, where the concentration of 14C is actually lower than its natural concentration, and also in the case of radon monitoring where, especially in mines or in some enclosed spaces, its concentration may be several thousand times higher than the outdoor "atural" concentrations. Emphasis is now being placed on the analysis of naturally occurring radionuclides in the environment or on the release of radionuclides from their different man-made sources because liquid and aerial discharge level controls have become more rigorous. In addition, the applicability of low-level methodology increases the extent of different radionuclide applications considerably. Since individual radionuclides differ in their decay scheme and particles emitted as well in their energies, there is no universal method for the accurate measurement of all radioactive sources. Moreover, there is usually a mixture of radionuclides in a sample, causing some difficulties in a selective evaluation of a given radionuclide. Due to the random nature of radioactive disintegrations, the appropriate interpretation of the experimental results would be, in most cases, impossible without elaborate statistical treatment and evaluation of the data obtained. Thanks to the availability of computer-based instrumentation, the measuring data can be, in most cases, processed and evaluated on-line, which makes it possible to control and optimize the experiment in order to extract the maximum amount of information carried by the detector response. The purpose of this book is to provide an introduction to low-level radioactivity assessment and to clarify the nature of its sources, as well as the principal methods used in its measurement. Our evaluation is concentrated on the present-day aspects of low-level methodology. The book may be useful for all who need highly sensitive analysis of natural or artificial radioactivity both within and outside the nuclear field. The attempt of this book is to summarize the sources of environmental radioactivity and their possible radiological impact in terms of resulting doses to the population, and to present a sound review of the measuring methods and techniques for the evaluation of low-level radioactivities encountered in both the environment and in a number of applications where radioactive sources are used as a means of obtaining important information.

Download or read book Detecting Environmental Radioactivity written by Manuel García-León and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents the principles and methods for the measurement of radioactivity in the environment. In this regard, specific low-level radiation counting and spectrometry or mass spectrometry techniques are discussed, including sources, distribution, levels and dynamics of radioactivity in nature. The author gives an accurate description of the fundamental concepts and laws of radioactivity as well as the different types of detectors and mass spectrometers needed for detection. Special attention is paid to scintillators, semiconductor detectors, and gas ionization detectors. In order to explain radiochemistry, some concepts about chemical separations are introduced as well. The book is meant for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in physics, chemistry or engineering oriented to environmental sciences, and to other disciplines where monitoring of the environment and its management is of great interest.

Download or read book Low level Measurements of Radioactivity in the Environment written by Manuel García-León and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis written by Michael F. L'Annunziata and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-07 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis: Radiation Physics and Detectors, Volume One, and Radioanalytical Applications, Volume Two, Fourth Edition, constitute an authoritative reference on the principles, practical techniques and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity - everything from the very low levels encountered in the environment, to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, and fuel cycle facilities, and in the implementation of nuclear forensic analysis and nuclear safeguards. It includes sample preparation techniques for all types of matrices found in the environment, including soil, water, air, plant matter and animal tissue, and surface swipes.Users will find the latest advances in the applications of radioactivity analysis across various fields, including environmental monitoring, radiochemical standardization, high-resolution beta imaging, automated radiochemical separation, nuclear forensics, and more. - Spans two volumes, Radiation Physics and Detectors and Radioanalytical Applications - Includes a new chapter on the analysis of environmental radionuclides - Provides the latest advances in the applications of liquid and solid scintillation analysis, alpha- and gamma spectrometry, mass spectrometric analysis, Cherenkov counting, flow-cell radionuclide analysis, radionuclide standardization, aerosol analysis, high-resolution beta imaging techniques, analytical techniques in nuclear forensics, and nuclear safeguards - Describes the timesaving techniques of computer-controlled automatic separation and activity analysis of radionuclides - Provides an extensive table of the radiation characteristics of most radionuclides of interest for the radioanalytical chemist

Download or read book Low level Measurements of Radioactivity in the Environment written by Manuel García-León and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Guide on the Use of Nuclear Medicine Instrumentation for Measuring Environmental Radioactivity Following a Nuclear Reactor Accident written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Departments of State Justice and Commerce the Judiciary and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1976 written by U.S. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Measurement Of Weak Radioactivity written by Pall Theodorsson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-12-11 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended for scientists engaged in the measurement of weak alpha, beta, and gamma active samples; in health physics, environmental control, nuclear geophysics, tracer work, radiocarbon dating etc. It describes the underlying principles of radiation measurement and the detectors used. It also covers the sources of background, analyzes their effect on the detector and discusses economic ways to reduce the background. The most important types of low-level counting systems and the measurement of some of the more important radioisotopes are described here. In cases where more than one type can be used, the selection of the most suitable system is shown.

Download or read book Measurement of Weak Radioactivity written by P ll Theod¢rsson and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended for scientists engaged in the measurement of weak alpha, beta, and gamma active samples; in health physics, environmental control, nuclear geophysics, tracer work, radiocarbon dating etc. It describes the underlying principles of radiation measurement and the detectors used. It also covers the sources of background, analyzes their effect on the detector and discusses economic ways to reduce the background. The most important types of low-level counting systems and the measurement of some of the more important radioisotopes are described here. In cases where more than one type can be used, the selection of the most suitable system is shown.

Download or read book Departments of State Justice and Commerce the Judiciary and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1976 Hearings Before 94 1 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis of Environmental Radionuclides written by Pavel P. Povinec and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 539 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to present a state of art summary of current knowledge of methods of assessment of radionuclides in the terrestrial and marine environments. It cover the traditional methods of radioactivity measurements such as radiometrics techniques, but also recent developments in the mass spectrometry sector. The book starts with a short preface introducing the subject of the book, summarising content and philosophy of the book, as well as the most important historical achievements. The scientific topics are introduced by description of sampling methods, optimisation of sampling sites and sampling frequency. The recent developments in radiochemical separation methods using chromatography resins for the treatment of actinides, transuranics and other groups of radioelements are also described. No other book is available covering all aspects of environmental radioactivity measurements, although remarkable progress has been made in detection techniques over the last ten years. At present the new methods enable to carry out investigations which were not possible before, either because of lack of sensitivity or because of the fact that they required too large samples.