Download or read book Low Cost Radiometer Design for Landsat Surface Temperature Validation written by Jonathan Miller and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Land Surface Temperature (ST) represents the radiative temperature of the Earth’s surface and is used as an input for hydrological, agricultural, and meteorological science applications. Due to the synoptic nature of satellite imaging systems, ST products derived from spaceborne platforms are invaluable for estimating ST at the local, regional, and global scale. Over the past two decades, an emphasis has been placed on the need to develop algorithms necessary to deliver accurate ST products to support the needs of science users. However, corresponding efforts to validate these products are hindered by the availability of quality ground based reference measurements. NOAA’s Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) is commonly used to support ST-validation efforts, but SURFAD’s instrumentation is broadband (4-50 micrometer) and several of their sites lack spatial uniformity, which can lead to large ST calculation errors. To address the apparent deficiencies within existing validation networks, this work discusses a prototype instrument developed to provide ST estimates to support validation efforts for spaceborne thermal sensor products. Specifically, a prototype radiometer was designed, built, calibrated, and utilized to acquire ground reference data to validate ST product(s) derived from Landsat 8 imagery. Field based efforts indicate these radiometers demonstrate agreement to Landsat-derived ST products to within 1.37 K over grass targets. This is an improvement of over 2 K when comparing to the SURFRAD validation network. Additionally, the radiometers proposed in this research were designed to calculate the largest unknown variable used to create Landsat 8 derived ST products: the target emissivity. Algorithms have been developed with the purpose of using Landsat 8’s two thermal bands to calculate the ST of a given scene. One popular method is the split window algorithm, which uses at sensor apparent temperatures collected by band 10 and 11 of Landsat, along with atmospheric data to calculate the surface leaving temperatures. A key input into the split window algorithm is the emissivity of the target, which is currently calculated using data from another spaceborne sensor; the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data from EOS-1 (Terra). This emissivity calculation is not ideal because, like the ST calculation, the emissivity is also propagated through the atmosphere before being calculated. An ideal approach is to measure and calculate the emissivity close to the surface, thus eliminating any atmospheric compensation errors. To eliminate the reliance on ASTER data and calculate the emissivity of the target before atmospheric effects, four additional response bands in the 8 – 9 micrometer range are added to the radiometer resulting in a six band instrument capable of calculating the ST and emissivity of a ground target. Through a validation effort using a commercial Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) the six-band radiometer's ability to calculate the emissivity of a target is in agreement to the FTIR derived emissivity values to within 0.025 for Landsat-like band 10 and 0.022 for Landsat-like band 11 over grass targets. More accurate target emissivity values can decrease the error in the split window ST calculation by as much as 2.4 K over grass targets. The proposed instruments in this research can provide a more accurate validation of the Landsat 8 ST product when comparing to current validation networks, and therefore more accurate target emissivity values. Combining the two capabilities of this proposed radiometer allows the delivery of trusted data to the scientific community for their use in multiple applications."--Abstract.

Download or read book Advances in Land Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-11 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It collects the review papers of the 9th International Symposium on Physical Measurements and Signatures in Remote Sensing (ISPMSRS). It systematically summarizes the past achievements and identifies the frontier issues as the research agenda for the near future. It covers all aspects of land remote sensing, from sensor systems, physical modeling, inversion algorithms, to various applications.

Download or read book A Radiometer for Use in Thermal Studies of Spacecraft written by George E. Sweet and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Low cost Radiometer for Surface Reflectance Re trieval and Orbital Sensor Validation written by Dinithi Siriwardana Pathiranage and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Test and Calibration of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer a Satellite Borne Infrared Radiometer Designed to Measure Sea Surface Temperature written by Graeme Mason (D.Phil.) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing written by Claudia Kuenzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of thermal infrared remote sensing. Temperature is one of the most important physical environmental variables monitored by earth observing remote sensing systems. Temperature ranges define the boundaries of habitats on our planet. Thermal hazards endanger our resources and well-being. In this book renowned international experts have contributed chapters on currently available thermal sensors as well as innovative plans for future missions. Further chapters discuss the underlying physics and image processing techniques for analyzing thermal data. Ground-breaking chapters on applications present a wide variety of case studies leading to a deepened understanding of land and sea surface temperature dynamics, urban heat island effects, forest fires, volcanic eruption precursors, underground coal fires, geothermal systems, soil moisture variability, and temperature-based mineral discrimination. ‘Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing: Sensors, Methods, Applications’ is unique because of the large field it spans, the potentials it reveals, and the detail it provides. This book is an indispensable volume for scientists, lecturers, and decision makers interested in thermal infrared technology, methods, and applications.

Download or read book Evaluation of Low cost Radiometer for Surface Reflectance Re trieval and Orbital Sensor s Validation written by Dinithi Siriwardana Pathiranage and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Test and Calibration of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer a Satellite borne Infrared Radiometer Designed to Measure Sea Surface Temperature written by Graeme Mason and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fiducial Reference Measurements for Satellite Ocean Colour written by Andrew Clive Banks and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean color measured by satellite-mounted optical sensors is an essential climate variable that is routinely used as a central element for assessing the health and productivity of marine ecosystems and the role of oceans in the global carbon cycle. For satellite ocean color to be reliable and used in these and other important environmental applications, the data must be trustworthy and high quality. Pre-flight and on-board calibration of satellite ocean color sensors is conducted; however, once in orbit, the data quality can only be fully assessed via independent calibration and validation activities using surface measurements. These measurements therefore need to be at least as high quality as the satellite data, which necessitates SI traceability and a full uncertainty budget. This is the basis for fiducial reference measurements (FRMs) and the FRM4SOC project, which was an European Space Agency (ESA) initiative to establish and maintain SI-traceable ground-based FRM for satellite ocean color, thus providing a fundamental contribution to the European system for monitoring the Earth (Copernicus). This Special Issue of MDPI Remote Sensing is designed to showcase this essential Earth observation work through the publication of the project's main achievements and results accompanied by other select relevant articles.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Quantitative Remote Sensing written by José A. Sobrino and published by Anaya -Spain. This book was released on 2002 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Thermal Remote Sensing of Active Volcanoes written by Andrew Harris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 739 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive manual exploring radiometry methodologies and principles used with satellite-, radiometer- and thermal-camera data, for academic researchers and graduate students.

Download or read book Google Earth Engine Applications written by Lalit Kumar and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a rapidly changing world, there is an ever-increasing need to monitor the Earth’s resources and manage it sustainably for future generations. Earth observation from satellites is critical to provide information required for informed and timely decision making in this regard. Satellite-based earth observation has advanced rapidly over the last 50 years, and there is a plethora of satellite sensors imaging the Earth at finer spatial and spectral resolutions as well as high temporal resolutions. The amount of data available for any single location on the Earth is now at the petabyte-scale. An ever-increasing capacity and computing power is needed to handle such large datasets. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) is a cloud-based computing platform that was established by Google to support such data processing. This facility allows for the storage, processing and analysis of spatial data using centralized high-power computing resources, allowing scientists, researchers, hobbyists and anyone else interested in such fields to mine this data and understand the changes occurring on the Earth’s surface. This book presents research that applies the Google Earth Engine in mining, storing, retrieving and processing spatial data for a variety of applications that include vegetation monitoring, cropland mapping, ecosystem assessment, and gross primary productivity, among others. Datasets used range from coarse spatial resolution data, such as MODIS, to medium resolution datasets (Worldview -2), and the studies cover the entire globe at varying spatial and temporal scales.

Download or read book Radiometric Temperature Measurements written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-11-18 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the practice of radiation thermometry, both at a primary level and for a variety of applications, such as in the materials processing industries and remote sensing. This book is written for those who will a) apply radiation thermometry in industrial practice b) use radiation thermometers for scientific research, c) the radiation thermometry specialist in a national measurement institute d) developers of radiation thermometers who are working to innovate products for instrument manufacturers and e) developers non-contact thermometry methods to address challenging thermometry problems. The author(s) of each chapter were chosen from a group of international scientists who are experts in the field and specialist(s) on the subject matter covered in the chapter. A large number of references are included at the end of each chapter as a resource for those seeking a deeper or more detailed understanding. This book is more than a practice guide. Readers will gain in-depth knowledge in: (1) the proper selection of the type of thermometer; (2) the best practice in using the radiation thermometers; (3) awareness of the error sources and subsequent appropriate procedure to reduce the overall uncertainty; and (4) understanding of the calibration chain and its current limitations. - Coverage of all fundamental aspects of the radiometric measurements - Coverage of practical applications with details on the instrumentation, calibration, and error sources - Authors are from the national labs internationally leading in R&D in temperature measurements - Comprehensive coverage with large number of references

Download or read book Advanced Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 821 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Remote Sensing is an application-based reference that provides a single source of mathematical concepts necessary for remote sensing data gathering and assimilation. It presents state-of-the-art techniques for estimating land surface variables from a variety of data types, including optical sensors such as RADAR and LIDAR. Scientists in a number of different fields including geography, geology, atmospheric science, environmental science, planetary science and ecology will have access to critically-important data extraction techniques and their virtually unlimited applications. While rigorous enough for the most experienced of scientists, the techniques are well designed and integrated, making the book's content intuitive, clearly presented, and practical in its implementation. - Comprehensive overview of various practical methods and algorithms - Detailed description of the principles and procedures of the state-of-the-art algorithms - Real-world case studies open several chapters - More than 500 full-color figures and tables - Edited by top remote sensing experts with contributions from authors across the geosciences

Download or read book Taking the Temperature of the Earth written by Glynn Hulley and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking the Temperature of the Earth: Steps towards Integrated Understanding of Variability and Change presents an integrated, collaborative approach to observing and understanding various surface temperatures from a whole-Earth perspective. The book describes the progress in improving the quality of surface temperatures across different domains of the Earth's surface (air, land, sea, lakes and ice), assessing variability and long-term trends, and providing applications of surface temperature data to detect and better understand Earth system behavior. As cooperation is essential between scientific communities, whose focus on particular domains of Earth's surface and on different components of the observing system help to accelerate scientific understanding and multiply the benefits for society, this book bridges the gap between domains. - Includes sections on data validation and uncertainty, data availability and applications - Integrates remote sensing and in situ data sources - Presents a whole earth perspective on surface temperature datasets, delving into all domains to build and understand relationships between the datasets

Download or read book Experimental Determination of Temperature Profiles by Ground based Radiometry written by Ed R. Westwater and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Climate of the Arctic written by Rajmund Przybylak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: th Towards the end of the 19 century some researchers put forward the hypothesis that the Polar regions may play the key role in the shaping of the global climate. This supposition found its full confirmation in empirical and th model research conducted in the 20 century, particularly in recent decades. The intensification of the global warming after about 1975 brought into focus the physical causes of this phenomenon. The first climatic models created at that time, and the analyses of long observation series consistently showed that the Polar regions are the most sensitive to climatic changes. This aroused the interest of numerous researchers, who thought that the examination of the proc esses taking place in these regions might help to determine the mechanisms responsible for the "working" of the global climatic system. To date, a great number of publications on this issue have been published. However, as a re view of the literature shows, there is not a single monograph which comprises the basic information concerning the current state of the Arctic climate. The last study to discuss the climate of the Arctic in any depth was published in 1970 (Climates a/the Polar Regions, vol. 14, ed. S. Orvig) by the World Survey of Climatology, edited by H. E. Landsberg. This publication, however, does not provide the full climatic picture of many meteorological elements.