Download or read book Los Fenicios en la Pen nsula Ib rica Arqueolog a cer mica y pl stica written by Gregorio del Olmo Lete and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phoenicia written by J. Brian Peckham and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2014-10-23 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phoenicia has long been known as the homeland of the Mediterranean seafarers who gave the Greeks their alphabet. But along with this fairly well-known reality, many mysteries remain, in part because the record of the coastal cities and regions that the people of Phoenicia inhabited is fragmentary and episodic. In this magnum opus, the late Brian Peckham examines all of the evidence currently available to paint as complete a portrait as is possible of the land, its history, its people, and its culture. In fact, it was not the Phoenicians but the Canaanites who invented the alphabet; what distinguished the Phoenicians in their turn was the transmission of the alphabet, which was a revolutionary invention, to everyone they met. The Phoenicians were traders and merchants, the Tyrians especially, thriving in the back-and-forth of barter in copper for Levantine produce. They were artists, especially the Sidonians, known for gold and silver masterpieces engraved with scenes from the stories they told and which they exchanged for iron and eventually steel; and they were builders, like the Byblians, who taught the alphabet and numbers as elements of their trade. When the Greeks went west, the Phoenicians went with them. Italy was the first destination; settlements in Spain eventually followed; but Carthage in North Africa was a uniquely Phoenician foundation. The Atlantic Spanish settlements retained their Phoenician character, but the Mediterranean settlements in Spain, Sicily, Sardinia, and Malta were quickly converted into resource centers for the North African colony of Carthage, a colony that came to eclipse the influence of the Levantine coastal city-states. An emerging independent Western Phoenicia left Tyre free to consolidate its hegemony in the East. It became the sole west-Asiatic agent of the Assyrian Empire. But then the Babylonians let it all slip away; and the Persians, intent on war and world domination, wasted their own and everyone’s time trying to dominate the irascible and indomitable Greeks. The Punic West (Carthage) made the same mistake until it was handed off to the Romans. But Phoenicia had been born in a Greek matrix and in time had the sense and good grace to slip quietly into the dominant and sustaining Occidental culture. This complicated history shows up in episodes and anecdotes along a frangible and fractured timeline. Individual men and women come forward in their artifacts, amulets, or seals. There are king lists and alliances, companies, and city assemblies. Years or centuries are skipped in the twinkling of any eye and only occasionally recovered. Phoenicia, like all history, is a construct, a product of historiography, an answer to questions. The history of Phoenicia is the history of its cities in relationship to each other and to the peoples, cities, and kingdoms who nourished their curiosity and their ambition. It is written by deduction and extrapolation, by shaping hard data into malleable evidence, by working from the peripheries of their worlds to the centers where they lived, by trying to uncover their mentalities, plans, beliefs, suppositions, and dreams in the residue of their products and accomplishments. For this reason, the subtitle, Episodes and Anecdotes from the Ancient Mediterranean, is a particularly appropriate description of Peckham’s masterful (posthumous) volume, the fruit of a lifetime of research into the history and culture of the Phoenicians.
Download or read book Los Fenicios en la Pen nsula Ib rica written by Gregorio del Olmo Lete and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Los fenicios en la P.I./dir. G. del Olmo ... -v.2
Download or read book Tartessos and the Phoenicians in Iberia written by Sebastián Celestino and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book in English about the earliest historical civilization in the western Mediterranean, known as "Tartessos." Endowed with extraordinary wealth in metals and strategically positioned between the Atlantic and Mediterranean trading routes at the time of Greek and Phoenician colonial expansion, Tartessos flourished in the eight-seventh centuries BCE. Tartessos became a literate, sophisticated, urban culture in southwestern Iberia (today's Spain and Portugal), enriched by commercial contacts with the Aegean and the Levant since at least the ninth century. In its material culture (architecture, grave goods, sanctuaries, plastic arts), we see how native elements combined with imported "orientalizing" innovations introduced by the Phoenicians. Historians of the rank of Herodotos and Livy, geographers such as Strabo and Pliny, Greek and Punic periploi and perhaps even Phoenician and Hebrew texts, testify to the power, wealth, and prominence of this westernmost Mediterranean civilization. Archaeologists, in turn, have demonstrated the existence of a fascinating complex society with both strong local roots and international flare. Yet for still-mysterious reasons, Tartessos did not attain a "Classical" period like its peer emerging cultures did at the same time (Etruscans, Romans, Greeks). This book combines the expertise of its two authors in archaeology, philology, and cultural history to present a comprehensive, coherent, theoretically up-to-date, and informative overview of the discovery, sources, and debates surrounding this puzzling culture of ancient Iberia and its complex hybrid identity vis-à-vis the western Phoenicians. This book will be of great interest to students of the classics, archaeology and ancient history, Phoenician-Punic studies, colonization and cultural contact.
Download or read book The Iberian Peninsula in the Iron Age through Pottery Studies written by Michał Krueger and published by Archaeopress Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seven papers read at the international conference, Interdisciplinary research on pottery from the Iberian Peninsula (Poznań, 2019) deal with various aspects of Iron Age pottery including technology, decoration, chemical and mineralogical properties, commerce and social use through archaeological science and the presentation of ongoing fieldwork.
Download or read book The Phoenicians and the West written by Maria Eugenia Aubet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-06 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between the eighth and sixth centuries BC, the Phoenicians established the first trading system in the Mediterranean basin, from their homeland, in what is now Lebanon, to colonies in Cyprus, Tunisia, Sicily, Sardinia and southern Spain. The Phoenician state was able to maintain its independence, despite the territorial expansion of the Assyrians, in return for tribute provided by its western colonies. Archaeological research over the past decades, and still ongoing, has transformed our understanding of these colonies and their relationship to local communities. This updated version of Maria Eugenia Aubet's highly praised book, The Phoenicians and the West, originally published in English in 1993, incorporates more recent research findings, an expanded bibliography, and an appendix on radiometric dating. It will be welcomed by scholars and students of Mediterranean history and archaeology, and anyone interested in early trading systems.
Download or read book Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia written by Michael Dietler and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the first millennium BCE, complex encounters of Phoenician and Greek colonists with natives of the Iberian Peninsula transformed the region and influenced the entire history of the Mediterranean. One of the first books on these encounters to appear in English, this volume brings together a multinational group of contributors to explore ancient Iberia’s colonies and indigenous societies, as well as the comparative study of colonialism. These scholars—from a range of disciplines including classics, history, anthropology, and archaeology—address such topics as trade and consumption, changing urban landscapes, cultural transformations, and the ways in which these issues played out in the Greek and Phoenician imaginations. Situating ancient Iberia within Mediterranean colonial history and establishing a theoretical framework for approaching encounters between colonists and natives, these studies exemplify the new intellectual vistas opened by the engagement of colonial studies with Iberian history.
Download or read book The Prehistory of Iberia written by María Cruz Berrocal and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin and early development of social stratification is essentially an archaeological problem. The impressive advance of archaeological research has revealed that, first and foremost, the pre-eminence of stratified or class society in today’s world is the result of a long social struggle. This volume advances the archaeological study of social organisation in Prehistory, and more specifically the rise of social complexity in European Prehistory. Within the wider context of world Prehistory, in the last 30 years the subject of early social stratification and state formation has been a key subject on interest in Iberian Prehistory. This book illustrates the differing forms of resistances, the interplay between change and continuity, the multiple paths to and from social complexity, and the ‘failures’ of states to form in Prehistory. It also engages with broader questions, such as: when did social stratification appear in western European Prehistory? What factors contributed to its emergence and consolidation? What are the relationships between the notions of social complexity, social inequality, social stratification and statehood? And what are the archaeological indicators for the empirical analysis of these issues? Focusing on Iberia, but with a permanent connection to the wider geographical framework, this book presents, for the first time, a chronologically comprehensive, up-to-date approach to the issue of state formation in prehistoric Europe.
Download or read book Greek Pottery from the Iberian Peninsula written by Adolfo Domínguez and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-10-01 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excavations on the Iberian Peninsula yield more and more Archaic and Classical Greek material every year. This is the first book to be published in English that discusses Archaic and Classical Greek pottery found in that area. The volume provides elaborate and up-to-date information. The first chapter (by A. Domínguez) is dedicated to Archaic pottery and covers the whole Peninsula; the second (by C. Sánchez) covers the Classical period, mainly based on the study of Attic pottery from Eastern Andalusia. Both chapters contain a catalogue with many illustrations. Not just finds are listed, but distribution and shape studies are included, as well as a discussion of how the local Iberian population viewed Attic painted pottery. The final chapter gives a general overview of trade, based upon the information presented in the previous chapters.
Download or read book El periodo orientalizante written by Sebastián Celestino Pérez and published by Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contacto cultural entre el Mediterr neo y el Atl ntico siglos XII VIII ane written by Sebastián Celestino Pérez and published by Editorial CSIC - CSIC Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Este libro ofrece una aproximación, desde perspectivas diversas y en ocasiones contrapuestas, a uno de los temas más controvertidos de la arqueología protohistórica de los últimos años, el de la llamada precolonización{OCLCbr#BB}. El debate en torno a la pertinencia y significado de este concepto supone un extenso tratamiento de las dos principales cuestiones suscitadas por el mismo: las dinámicas de contacto cultural entre comunidades atlánticas y mediterráneas durante el Bronce Final y los orígenes de las colonizaciones históricas en el Mediterráneo centro-occidental. La monografía se estructura en varias partes claramente complementarias. La primera aborda diversos aspectos generales, centrándose especialmente en los modelos teóricos y los problemas cronológicos de este período. La segunda parte constituye una sistemática puesta al día de la cuestión precolonial{OCLCbr#BB} en todas las áreas afectadas por la misma desde el Mediterráneo central hasta el ámbito atlántico. En la tercera se ofrecen algunas aproximaciones a la cultura material, con particular atención a la broncística, la orfebrería y los carros representados en las estelas del Suroeste. Por último, la cuarta parte contiene una valoración general de los editores, en español e inglés, así como un epílogo a cargo de una de las mayores especialistas en colonialismo antiguo. Aunque se ha buscado de forma decidida la incorporación de distintos enfoques, a nivel general el principal cambio de paradigma que reflejan las páginas de este volumen consiste en la valoración del papel desempeñado por las comunidades locales. Se supera definitivamente el análisis de la precolonización{OCLCbr#BB} como un proceso protagonizado por una parte activa –las sociedades del Mediterráneo oriental– frente a otra pasiva –las comunidades locales–. Desde la pluralidad de perspectivas, todos los autores coinciden en valorar los contactos precoloniales desde la idea de interacción y desde el análisis del registro arqueológico y el contexto socioeconómico de las poblaciones autóctonas.
Download or read book The Archaeology of the Iberians written by Arturo Ruiz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-12-10 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Iberians inhabited southern and eastern Spain between the Greek and Phoenician colonisation, beginning in the eighth century BC, and the Roman conquest. This was a period of significant changes in native Spanish societies, and the emergence of urbanism and the adoption of ideological symbols and technological innovations from the colonists created an important and unique Iron Age culture. In this 1998 book, Arturo Ruiz and Manuel Molinos offer the first synthesis of the period for more than thirty years, and cover a number of topics: ways in which material culture can help to explain cultural change, ethnicity, and ethnic conflict, and the decline of the Iberian world following the Punic Wars and Roman colonization. The result is a sophisticated, theoretically informed case study of cultural change within a specific complex society.
Download or read book A Companion to the Archaeology of Early Greece and the Mediterranean written by Irene S. Lemos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-13 with total page 1471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Companion that examines together two pivotal periods of Greek archaeology and offers a rich analysis of early Greek culture A Companion to the Archaeology of Early Greece and the Mediterranean offers an original and inclusive review of two key periods of Greek archaeology, which are typically treated separately—the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. It presents an in-depth exploration of the society and material culture of Greece and the Mediterranean, from the 14th to the early 7th centuries BC. The two-volume companion sets Aegean developments within their broader geographic and cultural context, and presents the wide-ranging interactions with the Mediterranean. The companion bridges the gap that typically exists between Prehistoric and Classical Archaeology and examines material culture and social practice across Greece and the Mediterranean. A number of specialists examine the environment and demography, and analyze a range of textual and archaeological evidence to shed light on socio-political and cultural developments. The companion also emphasizes regionalism in the archaeology of early Greece and examines the responses of different regions to major phenomena such as state formation, literacy, migration and colonization. Comprehensive in scope, this important companion: Outlines major developments in the two key phases of early Greece, the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age Includes studies of the geography, chronology and demography of early Greece Explores the development of early Greek state and society and examines economy, religion, art and material culture Sets Aegean developments within their Mediterranean context Written for students, and scholars interested in the material culture of the era, ACompanion to the Archaeology of Early Greece and the Mediterranean offers a comprehensive and authoritative guide that bridges the gap between the Late Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. 2020 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Winner!
Download or read book Spanish B for the IB Diploma Student s Book written by Sebastian Bianchi and published by Hodder Education. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develop confident linguists, who appreciate other cultures with this course, based closely around the IB's desired learner profile. This text caters for Language B - students learning Spanish as a second language at Standard and Higher levels. It includes a starter unit to help bridge the gap from pre-16 exams into the distinctive requirements of the IB Diploma. - Builds language skills through carefully crafted tasks and grammar practice - Improves exam performance with activities for all aspects of IB Spanish assessment - Promotes global citizenship and an appreciation of Hispanic culture through stimulus material, including a particular emphasis on the Americas Each copy includes an Audio CD providing tracks for the listening exercises
Download or read book La lengua espanola written by Rainer H. Goetz and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Spanish language has a long and rich history, from its prehistoric roots to its position today as the mother tongue of nearly 400 million inhabitants of 21 countries. How the language originated, how it evolved, and how it is spoken today around the world makes for a fascinating story that greatly enhances the study of written and spoken Spanish. This Spanish-language text covers the history of Spanish from its pre-Roman and Latin roots to its standardized form and its many regional variations. Along the way, discussion covers the spread of Latin on the Iberian Peninsula, the development of romance dialects due to a number of sociolinguistic influences, and the process of creating a standard variety of Spanish. It concludes with a discussion of the origin and the range of dialects that are spoken across the vast geographical area that forms the Spanish-speaking world. Details of pronunciation, spelling, grammar, and vocabulary are explained in their historical context, giving the student of Spanish a deeper understanding of the language as a whole. Perfect for students of Spanish as well as Spanish-speaking readers seeking to expand their general knowledge of the language, this book also includes a glossary of basic linguistic terms discussed in the text. Instructors considering this book for use in a course may request an examination copy here. La lengua espanola tiene una rica y larga historia, desde sus raices prehistoricas hasta su estado actual como la lengua materna de casi 400 millones de habitantes en 21 paises. El como se origino, como evoluciono, y como se habla hoy en dia alrededor del mundo contribuye a una historia fascinante que complementa el estudio del espanol escrito y hablado. El presente texto, en lengua espanola, trata la historia del espanol desde sus raices prerromanas y latinas hasta su forma estandarizada y sus multiples variantes regionales. A lo largo de la narrativa se cubre la expansion del latin en la Peninsula Iberica, el desarrollo de los dialectos romances debido a una serie de influencias de tipo sociolinguistico, y el proceso de crear una variante estandar del espanol. El libro concluye con una discusion de los origenes y de la variedad de dialectos que se hablan en la vasta zona geografica que comprende el mundo hispanohablante. Los pormenores de la pronunciacion, la ortografia, la gramatica, y el vocabulario se explican dentro de su contexto historico, y proporcionan al estudiante del espanol un entendimiento mas profundo de la lengua en su totalidad. El libro es perfectamente adecuado para los estudiantes del espanol tanto como para otros lectores hispanohablantes que desean aumentar sus conocimientos de la lengua, e incluye tambien un glosario de los terminos linguisticos elementales que se tratan en el texto. Instructors considering this book for use in a course may request an examination copy here.
Download or read book Introducci n a la historia de la lengua espa ola written by Melvyn C. Resnick and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introducción a la historia de la lengua española es una introducción completa a la historia externa e interna de la lengua española desde sus orígenes indoeuropeos hasta la lengua moderna de más de 400 millones de personas. Los autores escudriñan los cambios fonológicos, morfológicos, sintácticos semánticos y léxicos que caracterizan la evolución de la lengua española desde sus orígenes latinos. El foco de este libro es el español moderno. Los autores abordan cuestiones tan fundamentales como: ¿De dónde proviene el español? ¿Cómo llegó a ser la lengua que conocemos hoy en día? ¿Cómo se relaciona genética y culturalmente con los demás lenguas romances y a las lenguas no romances? ¿Cuáles son los efectos del bilingüismo en las áreas donde el español coexiste con otras lenguas? La segunda edición incluye numerosos ejercicios, una sección de preguntas de repaso al final de cada capítulo, y una extensa bibliografía. El libro está actualizado y ampliado en gran medida en el alcance y profundidad; sin embargo, respeta y conserva la estructura y el enfoque pedagógicos de la primera edición para el uso con los estudiantes que no tienen conocimientos previos en la lingüística. En los cursos avanzados y de posgrado, el programa puede incorporar asignaciones adicionales y secciones, incluyendo la opción "Temas y datos adicionales" que acompañan a cada capítulo.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Phoenician and Punic Mediterranean written by Carolina López-Ruiz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Phoenicians created the Mediterranean world as we know it--yet they remain a poorly understood group. In this Handbook, the first of its kind in English, readers will find expert essays covering the history, culture, and areas of settlement throughout the Phoenician and Punic world.
