Download or read book Long term Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers Using Zero valent Iron written by Richard T. Wilkin and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research described in this research brief explores the geochemical and microbiological processes occurring within zero-valent iron treatment zones in permeable reactive barriers that may contribute to decreases in iron reactivity and decreases in reaction zone permeability that, in turn, may eventually lead to system plugging and failure. Using advanced surface analytical techniques together with detailed coring and water sampling programs at two geographically, hydrogeologically, and geochemically distinct iron barrier installation sites, specific objectives of this research project were to: 1) Characterize the type and nature of surface precipitates forming over time at the upgradient aquifer/iron interface, within the iron zone, and at the downgradient/iron interface. 2) Develop conceptual models that predict the type and rate of precipitate formation based on iron characteristics and water chemistry. 3) Identify type and extent of microbiological activity upgradient, within and downgradient in at least one of the chosen sites to evaluate microbiological response or effects from emplaced iron into an aquifer system. 4) Develop practical and cost-effective protocols for long-term performance assessments at permeable reactive barrier installations.

Download or read book Long Term Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers written by K.E. Roehl and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2005-04-27 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While extensive research has been performed on many technological aspects of permeable reactive barriers and a number of contaminants have so far been successfully treated by PRB systems, long-term performance has not been extensively considered and little is known about the processes influencing long-term behaviour. This gap in our knowledge is all the more disadvantageous as design life has a decisive influence on the economic viability of PRBs. The book describes methods for evaluation and enhancement of the long-term performance of PRB systems, especially of those targeting heavy metals, specifically uranium, and organic contaminants by sorption and/or precipitation mechanisms. Major topics in the book are: Selection and characterisation of suitable reactive materials Characterisation of the relevant contaminant attenuation processes Developing new contaminant-binding chemical compounds ("ligands") Accelerated testing methods to assess the long-term performance of the attenuation mechanisms in PRBs Evaluation of the influence of site characteristics on PRB performance Monitoring of existing and new field installations Coupling of electrokinetic techniques and PRB systems Large-scale laboratory and field tests and their results It addresses the long-term performance of PRBs, an important feature of this novel remediation technology, systematically. It deals extensively with heavy metal removal, with special emphasis on uranium. A number of case studies, experiences with large-scale modelling and test site experiments provide insight into the practical application of the results. This volume will contribute to the science underpinning groundwater remediation, and this will result in the improvement of quality of life and health and safety. * A systematic approach to investigating the long-term performance of permeable reactive barriers * Development of new contaminant-binding chemical compounds ("ligands"), accelerated testing methods to assess the long-term performance, and efficiency enhancing electrokinetic techniques * Extensive data and information on a Hungarian uranium mining facility; once a carefully kept secret of the Soviet Union

Download or read book Zero Valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barriers written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report briefly reviews issues regarding the implementation of the zero-valent iron permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology at sites managed by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Initially, the PRB technology, using zero-valent iron for the reactive media, was received with great enthusiasm, and DOE invested millions of dollars testing and implementing PRBs. Recently, a negative perception of the technology has been building. This perception is based on the failure of some deployments to satisfy goals for treatment and operating expenses. The purpose of this report, therefore, is to suggest reasons for the problems that have been encountered and to recommend whether DOE should invest in additional research and deployments. The principal conclusion of this review is that the most significant problems have been the result of insufficient characterization, which resulted in poor engineering implementation. Although there are legitimate concerns regarding the longevity of the reactive media, the ability of zero-valent iron to reduce certain chlorinated hydrocarbons and to immobilize certain metals and radionuclides is well documented. The primary problem encountered at some DOE full-scale deployments has been an inadequate assessment of site hydrology, which resulted in misapplication of the technology. The result is PRBs with higher than expected flow velocities and/or incomplete plume capture. A review of the literature reveals that cautions regarding subsurface heterogeneity were published several years prior to the full-scale implementations. Nevertheless, design and construction have typically been undertaken as if the subsurface was homogeneous. More recently published literature has demonstrated that hydraulic heterogeneity can cause so much uncertainty in performance that use of a passive PRB is precluded. Thus, the primary conclusion of this review is that more attention must be given to site-specific issues. Indeed, the use of a passive PRB requires an unusually comprehensive hydrologic characterization so that the design can be based on a thorough understanding of subsurface heterogeneity rather than on average values for hydraulic parameters. Scientists and engineers are capable of conducting the level of investigation required. However, design costs will increase, and the pre-design field work may demonstrate that a passive PRB is not suitable for a particular site. In such cases, an option to consider is hydraulic augmentation, such as pumping (in which the system is no longer passive) or gravity flow from drains. In these circumstances, operation of the treatment media is under known hydraulic conditions. These systems typically contain the treatment media in a vault or in drums. Most of the media problems in such systems have been related to the exclusion of air and can be addressed by better engineering design or by frequent maintenance. Finally, a number of outstanding issues require resolution for further application of this technology. Of particular interest to DOE is resolving the removal mechanisms for uranium and technetium. Few data are available for the latter, and for the former, the technical literature is contradictory. Determining the mechanisms has long-term cost implications; engineers must consider whether it is appropriate to remove or simply abandon a barrier that is no longer functioning. Other issues that are unresolved include determining how hydraulic performance is affected by the emplacement method and quantifying the effects of varying groundwater types on barrier longevity.

Download or read book Capstone report on the application monitoring and performance of permeable reactive barriers for groundwater remediation Volume 1 Performance evaluations at two sites written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Long term Viability of a Zero valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barrier written by Stuart Cowburn and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fouling and the Long term Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers written by Lin Li and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Permeable Reactive Barrier written by Ravi Naidu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remediation of groundwater is complex and often challenging. But the cost of pump and treat technology, coupled with the dismal results achieved, has paved the way for newer, better technologies to be developed. Among these techniques is permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technology, which allows groundwater to pass through a buried porous barrier that either captures the contaminants or breaks them down. And although this approach is gaining popularity, there are few references available on the subject. Until now. Permeable Reactive Barrier: Sustainable Groundwater Remediation brings together the information required to plan, design/model, and apply a successful, cost-effective, and sustainable PRB technology. With contributions from pioneers in this area, the book covers state-of-the-art information on PRB technology. It details design criteria, predictive modeling, and application to contaminants beyond petroleum hydrocarbons, including inorganics and radionuclides. The text also examines implementation stages such as the initial feasibility assessment, laboratory treatability studies (including column studies), estimation of PRB design parameters, and development of a long-term monitoring network for the performance evaluation of the barrier. It also outlines the predictive tools required for life cycle analysis and cost/performance assessment. A review of current PRB technology and its applications, this book includes case studies that exemplify the concepts discussed. It helps you determine when to recommend PRB, what information is needed from the site investigation to design it, and what regulatory validation is required.

Download or read book Capstone Report on the Application Monitoring and Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers for Ground water Remediation written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Permeable Reactive Barrier Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Permeable reactive barriers (PRB) are developing into an entire new class of technologies for groundwater remediation. A permeable barrier is a porous "barrier" that is placed in the path of a groundwater plume, in various configurations. The barrier, or at least the permeable portion of the barrier, contains a reactive or adsorptive medium that helps remove the contaminants from the plume, as the groundwater flows through the barrier. The primary advantage of permeable barriers is their passive operation and the resulting potential for long-term cost savings. The technology emerged in the mid-1990s with the use of granular zero-valent iron as a reactive medium for treatment of groundwater contaminated with chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs), such as trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE). More recently, there is interest in developing other treatment media and methods of construction to address a broader variety of contaminants and sites.

Download or read book Remediation of Explosives in Groundwater Using a Zero Valent Iron Permeable Reactive Barrier written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final technical report documents the demonstration of a zero-valent iron (ZVI) permeable reactive barrier (PRB) for the removal of explosives from groundwater. The demonstration was conducted at the Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant (CAAP) near Grand Island, Nebraska. The primary objective of this project was to evaluate the cost and performance of the ZVI PRB Performance of the PRB was evaluated by monitoring groundwater concentrations of explosives downgradient of the PRB. Data obtained during the demonstration were used to assess the costeffectiveness of this approach for long-term removal of explosives from groundwater. The primary advantages of ZVI PRBs for groundwater remediation are: 1. No aboveground remediation equipment is required 2. Rapid conversion of groundwater to reducing conditions 3. Low operation and maintenance costs 4. Long-lasting (>20 years) in situ treatment 5. Cost-effective. The cost-effective use of ZVI PRBs may be limited by the depth to groundwater and the ability to install the PRB in some geologic media. However, at sites without these physical constraints, the approach can be highly effective.

Download or read book Permeable Reactive Barriers written by Genevieve A. Boshoff and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Capstone Report on the Application Monitoring and Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers for Ground water Remediation Performance evaluations at two sites written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Groundwater Remediation using Permeable Reactive Barriers written by David Naftz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-10-17 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last century and a half, groundwaters have become contaminated by a growing number of organic and inorganic substances ranging from petroleum-derived hydrocarbons to radioactive compounds, to cancer-causing hexavalent chromium. The importance of uncontaminated groundwater for agriculture, human consumption, and the environmental health of ecosystems is paramount to the health and productivity of industrial society. Water scientists and managers are focused on developing cost-effective methods to reverse this trend.Several methodologies have been developed, however few are as cost-effective as the use of readily available materials, such as iron and organic compost, for absorbing and isolating contaminants within the matrix of a permeable barrier. The Handbook of Groundwater Remediation using Permeable Reactive Barriers presents readers with this latest technology and developments within four main sections:1. Innovations in Design, Construction, and Evaluation of PRBs2. Development of Reactive Materials3. Evaluations of Chemical and Biological Processes4. Case Studies of Permeable Reactive Barrier InstallationsThe Handbook is one of the first references specifically on this topic. It is an excellent fit for graduate students entering this emerging field as well as professionals conducting research or implementing this technology.

Download or read book Chlorinated Solvent Source Zone Remediation written by Bernard H. Kueper and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-22 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to help engineers and scientists better understand dense nonaqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) contamination of groundwater and the methods and technology used for characterization and remediation. Remediation of DNAPL source zones is very difficult and controversial and must be based on state-of-the-art knowledge of the behavior (transport and fate) of nonaqueous phase liquids in the subsurface and site specific geology, chemistry and hydrology. This volume is focused on the characterization and remediation of nonaqueous phase chlorinated solvents and it is hoped that mid-level engineers and scientists will find this book helpful in understanding the current state-of-practice of DNAPL source zone management and remediation.

Download or read book Interactions between groundwater and human communities Perspectives on the resources environments threats and sustainable development written by Yong Xiao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Delivery and Mixing in the Subsurface written by Peter K. Kitanidis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is meant to provide the practitioner with information on the natural mixing processes occurring in aquifers as well as to describe basic strategies that can be implemented to enhance mixing in particular cases. For example, when it comes to mixing miscible liquids, one can speed up mixing in the formation by manipulating the flow such as through the use of recirculation wells. Furthermore, much of the mixing can be achieved partially within recirculation wells themselves, where contaminated water is admixed with additives, volatile products may be removed through a vapor mass exchanger, etc. Thus, adding mixing wells can significantly increase the performance of the delivery and mixing system and speed up the process of remediation.

Download or read book Filtration Materials for Groundwater written by Ivan Kozyatnyk and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-15 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ground water is a source for drinking and industrial water supply and pollution created by active industrial sites which often cause social, health, and environmental problems. This groundwater eventually drains into adjacent water sources. Filtration Materials for Groundwater: A Guide to Good Practice presents the up-to-date technology of purification of polluted ground water, its treatment for industrial and human needs and the remediation of polluted sites. The book examines: Types of pollutants in ground water including the main inorganic and organic pollutants and their behaviour. Filtration materials for water treatment and principles of their choice. How to choose suitable filtration materials according to targeted compounds and estimate its efficiency. Technologies for ground water treatment. Cost and risks estimation of treatment facilities. Lifetime, risks and cost estimation of technology. Examples of modern ongoing facilities for ground water treatment and polluted sites remediation. This book is of interest to scientists and engineer who deal with the problem of purification of ground water for different purposes and the remediation of polluted sites.