Download or read book Long term Compositional and Eruptive Behavior of Mauna Loa Volcano written by Joel Watson Sparks and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes written by Taeko Jane Takahashi and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characteristics of Hawaiian Volcanoes establishes a benchmark for the currrent understanding of volcanism in Hawaii, and the articles herein build upon the elegant and pioneering work of Dutton, Jagger, Steams, and many other USGS and academic scientists. Each chapter synthesizes the lessons learned about a specific aspect of volcanism in Hawaii, based largely o continuous observation of eruptive activity and on systematic research into volcanic and earthquake processes during HVO's first 100 years. NOTE: NO FURTHER DISCOUNTS FOR ALREADY REDUCED SALE ITEMS.
Download or read book Mauna Loa Revealed written by J. M. Rhodes and published by American Geophysical Union. This book was released on 1995-01-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 92. Mauna Loa is a volcano of superlatives: it is the largest active volcano on Earth and among the most productive. This volume serves to place on record the current state of our knowledge concerning Mauna Loa at the beginning of the Decade Volcano Project. The scope is broad, encompassing the geologic and exploratory history of the volcano, an overview of its submarine geology, its structure, petrologic and geochemical characteristics, and what Mauna Loa has to tell us about the Hawaiian mantle plume; it covers also remote sensing methods and the use of gravity, seismic and deformational studies for eruption monitoring and forecasting, hazards associated with the volcano, and even the importance of a changing volcanic landscape with a wide spectrum of climate zones as an ecological laboratory. We have made a deliberate effort to present a comprehensive spectrum of current Mauna Loa research by building on a December 1993 symposium at the AGU Fall Meeting that considered (1) what is currently known about Mauna Loa, (2) critical problems that need to be addressed, and (3) the technical means to solve these problems, and by soliciting contributions that were not part of the symposium. We encouraged authors to consider how their papers relate to others in the volume through crossreferencing. The intent was that this monograph should be a book about Mauna Loa rather than a collection of disparate papers.
Download or read book Publications of the Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Publications of the U S Geological Survey written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Geological Survey Professional Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcanism in Hawaii written by Geological Survey (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: v. 1. Physiography, tectonics, and submarine geology ; Geology of the island of Hawaii ; Petrogenesis and volcanic gases -- v. 2. Structure ; Dynamics ; History of investigations of Hawaiian volcanism.
Download or read book On the Recent Eruption of Mauna Loa written by Coan and published by . This book was released on 1856 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Volcanoes of Kilauea and Mauna Loa on the Island of Hawaii written by William Tufts Brigham and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose Unrest Precursors and Timing written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social consequences, even at great distances from the volcano. Fortunately many eruptions are preceded by unrest that can be detected using ground, airborne, and spaceborne instruments. Data from these instruments, combined with basic understanding of how volcanoes work, form the basis for forecasting eruptionsâ€"where, when, how big, how long, and the consequences. Accurate forecasts of the likelihood and magnitude of an eruption in a specified timeframe are rooted in a scientific understanding of the processes that govern the storage, ascent, and eruption of magma. Yet our understanding of volcanic systems is incomplete and biased by the limited number of volcanoes and eruption styles observed with advanced instrumentation. Volcanic Eruptions and Their Repose, Unrest, Precursors, and Timing identifies key science questions, research and observation priorities, and approaches for building a volcano science community capable of tackling them. This report presents goals for making major advances in volcano science.
Download or read book The 1949 Summit Eruption of Mauna Loa Hawaii written by Gordon Andrew Macdonald and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Summary written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring Active Volcanoes written by Robert I. Tilling and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hawaiian Volcanoes written by Rebecca Carey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-20 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hawaiian Volcanoes, From Source to Surface is the outcome of an AGU Chapman Conference held on the Island of Hawai‘i in August 2012. As such, this monograph contains a diversity of research results that highlight the current understanding of how Hawaiian volcanoes work and point out fundamental questions requiring additional exploration. Volume highlights include: Studies that span a range of depths within Earth, from the deep mantle to the atmosphere Methods that cross the disciplines of geochemistry, geology, and geophysics to address issues of fundamental importance to Hawai‘i’s volcanoes Data for use in comparisons with other volcanoes, which can benefit from, and contribute to, a better understanding of Hawai‘i Discussions of the current issues that need to be addressed for a better understanding of Hawaiian volcanism Hawaiian Volcanoes, From Source to Surface will be a valuable resource not only for researchers studying basaltic volcanism and scientists generally interested in volcanoes, but also students beginning their careers in geosciences. This volume will also be of great interest to igneous petrologists, geochemists, and geophysicists.
Download or read book Short and Long term Deformation of Kilauea and Mauna Loa Volcanoes Hawaii written by Daniel Kenneth Sinnett and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kilauea volcano, Hawaii has sustained a near continuous eruption interrupted by multiple intrusions within its east rift zone (ERZ) and experienced multiple slow-slip events (SSEs) since 1983. Klauea also experiences large earthquakes, some with tsunamigenic potential. This magmatic and tectonic activity marks Kilauea as one of Earth's most active volcanoes. Though not currently active, Mauna Loa is Earth's largest volcano and is capable of producing rapidly-moving lava flows that can travel from the eruptive fissure to the coast within four hours. Assessing the short- and long-term volcanic and seismic hazards at these volcanoes requires an understanding of the active structures on which these events occur. The work presented here uses geodetic data recorded at Kilauea and Mauna Loa by tilt meters, continuously recording global positioning system (GPS) stations, campaign GPS stations, and satellite based synthetic aperture radar. These data are used with linear and non-linear optimization techniques to analyze short- and long-term deformation due to intrusions, SSEs, and secular slip. The first simultaneous intrusion and SSE ever observed at Kilauea occurred 17-19 June 2007. The complex series of events were recorded in great detail by GPS, tilt meters, and synthetic aperture radar. Markov-Chain Monte Carlo optimization of GPS, tilt, and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data was used to determine source parameters for a single dike, represented as a uniform opening rectangular dislocation, and a summit magma source, represented as a point pressure source, in a homogeneous, isotropic, linear half-space. The optimum model is a an ENE striking dislocation with approximately 2 m of opening, a dip of approximately 80 degrees to the south, and extending from the surface to approximately 2 km depth. Determining the precise sequence of events during the 17 June 2007 intrusion and SSE is important since flank extension and rift opening are linked, i.e. intrusions may influence episodes of flank slip and vice versa. Tilt meters installed on the ERZ and the coast can provide data on the timing of the intrusion and SSE. Diurnally and tidally notch filtered tilt meter data show the intrusion likely preceded the slow-slip event. Eleven SSEs have been identified at Kilauea since 2001 when they were first observed as centimeter scale transients in continuous GPS data. These events release energy equivalent to a Mw 5-6 earthquake over 2-3 days as seaward slip along the decollement beneath Kilauea's south flank. Slow-slip and tremor propagation are known to occur during some SSEs in subduction zones. Tremor accompanying slow-slip has not been observed at Kilauea nor has definitive observation of slow-slip propagation. Electronic tilt meter data with microradian precision collected at one minute intervals during the 2007 intrusion and SSE, 2010 SSE, 2011 intrusion, and 2012 SSE were analyzed. The analyses indicate areas of slow-slip likely overlaps areas of secular slip along the decollement and that slow-slip likely propagated eastward during the 2010 and 2012 SSEs. Tentative evidence suggests an SSE occurred during the 2011 intrusion beginning east of coastal tilt meter KAE and propagating eastward. Installation of additional tilt meters along the coast to the east and west of KAE would provide data valuable to understanding SSE at Kilauea. Ground deformation recorded by GPS stations at Kilauea and Mauna Loa volcanoes, Hawaii, were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) with mode rotation. Though widely used in the Earth sciences to deconvolve time series data into distinct modes theoretically representing distinct geophysical sources, PCA is prone to a problem termed mode mixing. Mode mixing occurs when the signature of one geophysical source (e.g. an intrusion) appears in multiple modes, a significant problem if the modes are interpreted physically. Mode rotation attempts to ensure each mode represents a distinct geophysical source. The mode rotation technique uses linear combinations of modes to minimize the correlation between any two modes in a time period of interest, during which the geophysical event occurs. Eleven years (1998-2009) of detrended continuous GPS data at Kilauea and 11 years (1998-2009) of campaign data from Mauna Loa were analyzed. Following rotation, modes of deformation at K\={\i}lauea represent episodic east rift zone intrusions, movement of magma beneath the summit and rift zones, transient motion of the south flank associated with SSEs, and southwest rift zone inflation. The spatial density of stations is insufficient for PCA to distinguish individual intrusions (such as the 1999 and 2007 intrusions) spatially, but these events are recorded in the temporal modes. At Mauna Loa two modes representing summit magma sources and flank sliding were found. Modeling of these modes show decollement slip ceased beneath Mauna Loa in 2002. During the 2003-2004 time period Kilauea experienced few episodic events and relatively little summit deformation. Therefore GPS velocities and InSAR line-of-site velocities nominally capture secular deformation at Kilauea and can be used to model the active structures responsible for the observed deformation. A variety of models were tested whose basic elements include a southwest rift zone (SWRZ) that is continuous through the summit to the ERZ, a basal decollement that extends from north of the rift zones to tens of kilometers offshore, and a summit magma chamber represented by an isotropic pressure source. Results indicate that ERZ opening reaches a maximum near Makaopuhi crater at several kilometers depth; opening occurs at depth further downrift. SWRZ opening is negligible. Decollement slip south of the summit area extends beneath the south flank just offshore. High decollemet slip rates also occur within an aseismic area 3-4 km from the base of the rift zone; seismicity occurs south of this zone in areas of little to no decollement slip. Modeling of the average displacements due to the 2005 and 2010 SSEs show slipping areas during slow-slip may be distinct from secularly slipping areas, though we can not rule out overlap. Secularly slipping areas may represent velocity strengthening regions while areas of slow-slip and seismic activity may represent velocity weakening asperities transitioning to a velocity weakening area. This transition may be caused by a change in material properties due to dewatering and incipient metamorphism of sea floor sediments as pressure and temperature increase nearer the bulk of Kilauea and Mauna Loa. Large earthquakes such as the 1975 Kalapana earthquake may occur if rupture grows to sufficient size to link multiple velocity weakening areas.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-12-16 with total page 5634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Encyclopedia of Geology, Second Edition presents in six volumes state-of-the-art reviews on the various aspects of geologic research, all of which have moved on considerably since the writing of the first edition. New areas of discussion include extinctions, origins of life, plate tectonics and its influence on faunal provinces, new types of mineral and hydrocarbon deposits, new methods of dating rocks, and geological processes. Users will find this to be a fundamental resource for teachers and students of geology, as well as researchers and non-geology professionals seeking up-to-date reviews of geologic research. Provides a comprehensive and accessible one-stop shop for information on the subject of geology, explaining methodologies and technical jargon used in the field Highlights connections between geology and other physical and biological sciences, tackling research problems that span multiple fields Fills a critical gap of information in a field that has seen significant progress in past years Presents an ideal reference for a wide range of scientists in earth and environmental areas of study
