Download or read book Logik der Forschung written by Karl Popper and published by Springer. This book was released on 1935 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieser Buchtitel ist Teil des Digitalisierungsprojekts Springer Book Archives mit Publikationen, die seit den Anfängen des Verlags von 1842 erschienen sind. Der Verlag stellt mit diesem Archiv Quellen für die historische wie auch die disziplingeschichtliche Forschung zur Verfügung, die jeweils im historischen Kontext betrachtet werden müssen. Dieser Titel erschien in der Zeit vor 1945 und wird daher in seiner zeittypischen politisch-ideologischen Ausrichtung vom Verlag nicht beworben.
Download or read book Logik Der Forschung Zur Erkenntnistheorie Der Modernen Naturwissenschaft written by Karl Raimund Popper and published by . This book was released on 1935 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Logik der Forschung written by Popper, Karl Raimund Popper and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Der Kontext der Erkenntnis bei Karl Popper Logik der Forschung written by Paul Parszyk and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2013 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Theoretische (Erkenntnis, Wissenschaft, Logik, Sprache), Note: 3,0, Universität Erfurt (Seminar für Philosophie), Veranstaltung: Selbststudie, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Ob Philosophie nun Wissenschaft sei oder ein ausschließlich wissenschaftliches X, dass auf eine lange Tradition schaue, beschäftigt schon lange die Philosophen: Ist Philosophie eine deutungsfähige Wissenschaft? Vor allem in Einführungen in die Philosophie, wie z.B. bei Jaspers (Einführung in die Philosophie, 1950) und der Wissenschaftsphilosophie ist diese Frage präsent. Auch Begriffe wie „Vernunfterkenntnis“ oder „Erfahrung“ spielen dabei eine Rolle. Letzteres interessierte vor allem Popper: In seinem Werk Logik der Forschung, was nebenbei bemerkt als Poppers Hauptwerk gilt, sagt er im Vorwort: „Alle Wissenschaft ist Kosmologie.“ Wenn alles, was Wissenschaft ist, sich darauf ausrichtet (oder ausrichten muss) die Welt, den Kosmos (Welt, Ordnung, Universum usw.), zu verstehen – auch hermeneutisch –, dann ist die Philosophie Wissenschaft, denn wenn es nicht die Philosophie ist, die als wissenschaftliche Instanz versucht den Kosmos zu verstehen, wer oder was ist dann in der Lage dazu? Von diesem Ausgangspunkt aus versucht die Arbeit zu diskutieren und zu klären, was Wissenschaft ist, was Poppers Kerngedanken zur wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis ist und wie dies mit dem Psychologismus- und Basasisproblem zusammenhängt.
Download or read book A Companion to Atheism and Philosophy written by Graham Oppy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophers throughout history have debated the existence of gods, but it is only in recent years that the absence of such a belief has become a significant topic of philosophical analysis, in particular for philosophers of religion. Although it is difficult to trace the historical contours of atheism as the lack of belief in a higher power, the reasoned, reflective, and thoughtful rejection of theism has become commonplace in many modern intellectual circles, including academic philosophy where disciplinary data indicates that a large majority of philosophers self-identify as atheists. As the first book of its kind to bring together a collection of writing on the philosophical aspects of atheism both historical and contemporary, the Companion to Atheism and Philosophy stages an explicit, constructive, and comprehensive conversation between philosophy and atheism to examine the ways in which atheist thought intersects with ideas and positions from a variety of philosophical and theological sub-disciplines. The Companion begins by addressing the foundational questions and lingering controversies which underpin philosophical thought about atheism, exploring the implications of major developments in the history of philosophy for the modern atheistic worldview. Divided into eight distinct sections, essays consider a range of thinkers who were widely believed to have been atheists—including David Hume, Mary Wollstonecraft, Karl Marx, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton—and survey different kinds of objections to theism and atheism, including logical, evidential, normative, and prudential. Later chapters trace the relationship between atheism and metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and political philosophy oriented around topics such as pragmatism, postmodernism, freedom, education, violence, and happiness. Deftly curated and thoughtfully composed, A Companion to Atheism and Philosophy is the most ambitious and authoritative account of philosophical thinking on atheism available, and is a first-rate resource for academics, professionals, and students of philosophy, religious studies, and theology.
Download or read book The Splendors and Miseries of Martingales written by Laurent Mazliak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past eighty years, martingales have become central in the mathematics of randomness. They appear in the general theory of stochastic processes, in the algorithmic theory of randomness, and in some branches of mathematical statistics. Yet little has been written about the history of this evolution. This book explores some of the territory that the history of the concept of martingales has transformed. The historian of martingales faces an immense task. We can find traces of martingale thinking at the very beginning of probability theory, because this theory was related to gambling, and the evolution of a gambler’s holdings as a result of following a particular strategy can always be understood as a martingale. More recently, in the second half of the twentieth century, martingales became important in the theory of stochastic processes at the very same time that stochastic processes were becoming increasingly important in probability, statistics and more generally in various applied situations. Moreover, a history of martingales, like a history of any other branch of mathematics, must go far beyond an account of mathematical ideas and techniques. It must explore the context in which the evolution of ideas took place: the broader intellectual milieux of the actors, the networks that already existed or were created by the research, even the social and political conditions that favored or hampered the circulation and adoption of certain ideas. This books presents a stroll through this history, in part a guided tour, in part a random walk. First, historical studies on the period from 1920 to 1950 are presented, when martingales emerged as a distinct mathematical concept. Then insights on the period from 1950 into the 1980s are offered, when the concept showed its value in stochastic processes, mathematical statistics, algorithmic randomness and various applications.
Download or read book The Turing Test Argument written by Bernardo Gonçalves and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-12 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book departs from existing accounts of Alan Turing's imitation game and test by placing Turing's proposal in its historical, social, and cultural context. It reconstructs a controversy in England, 1946–1952, over the intellectual capabilities of digital computers, which led Turing to propose his test. It argues that the Turing test is best understood not as a practical experiment, but as a thought experiment in the modern scientific tradition of Galileo Galilei. The logic of the Turing test argument is reconstructed from the rhetoric of Turing’s irony and wit. Turing believed that learning machines should be understood as a new kind of species, and their thinking as different from human thinking and yet capable of imitating it. He thought that the possibilities of the machines he envisioned were not utopian dreams. And yet he hoped that they would rival and surpass chauvinists and intellectuals who sacrifice independent thinking to maintain their power. These would be transformed into ordinary people, as work once considered 'intellectual' would be transformed into non-intellectual, 'mechanical' work. The Turing Test Argument will appeal to scholars and students in the sciences and humanities and all those interested in Turing's vision of the future of intelligent machines in society and nature.
Download or read book The Impact of Academic Research written by William Schweiker and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2022-07-14 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses whether, how, and where academic research has an impact on ethical education, character formation, and the communication of values in late modern pluralistic societies. It reflects the great impacts of a global network of research universities, with an enormous range of exact, social, and humane sciences, and sundry forms of professional training in medicine, theology, law, and business. Several chapter authors praise the modern academy for its ardent pursuit of knowledge and truth and its ample defense of tested truth-claims. But other authors challenge the ethical impact of some forms and forums of academic research today. With contributions by Stefan Alkier (Frankfurt), Rüdiger Bittner (Bielefeld), Celia Deane-Drummond (Oxford), Bernold Fiedler (Berlin), Andreas Glaeser (Chicago), Gary Hauk (Atlanta), Jörg Hüfner (Heidelberg), Michael Kirschfi nk (Heidelberg), Andreas Schüle (Leipzig), William Schweiker (Chicago), Michael Welker (Heidelberg), and John Witte, Jr. (Atlanta).
Download or read book The Fortunes of Liberalism written by F.A. Hayek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new collection of essays, F.A. Hayek traces his intellectual roots to the `Austrian school' of economics and links it to the modern rebirth of classical liberal or `libertarian' thought. There is much new interesting material here for scholars of Hayek: essays on Hayek's early life and on the intellectual climate of Vienna in the early part of the twentieth century; Hayek's opening address to the inaugural meeting of the Mont Pélerin Society and other material from the period when Hayek was playing his part in the revival of liberal thought; Hayek's views on his teachers and on other leading figures in the Austrian school. This is the fourth volume of The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek and the third to appear. This series provides a new standard edition of Hayek's writing - complete, newly ordered and comprehensively annotated. Much of the material in this volume is either previously unpublished or previously unavailable in English.
Download or read book Smoke Mirrors written by Gemma Milne and published by Robinson. This book was released on 2020-04-23 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Stop following the news until you've read Gemma Milne's persuasive analysis of the hype and bullshit that distort our understanding of emerging science. As she shows, the starting point to grasping the genuine opportunities of AI, life sciences and climate tech is a healthy dose of critical thinking' David Rowan, founding editor of WIRED UK and author of Non-Bullshit Innovation: Radical Ideas from the World's Smartest Minds 'Couldn't be more timely. Fascinating and vitally important' Jamie Bartlett, author of The People Vs Tech 'A much-needed blast of fresh air! Gemma Milne expertly shows us how to separate the truth from the hype surrounding the emerging techs of today, and those of the near-tomorrow' Lewis Dartnell, author of Origins: How the Earth Made Us 'I loved this book! This is exactly the sort of sceptical, cut-through-the crap-but-still-excited-about-what's-emerging book around tech innovation that's sorely needed, yet is so hard to find . . . essential reading for anyone who's serious about how real-world advances might be effectively harnessed to build a better future' Dr Andrew Maynard, scientist and author of Films from the Future and Future Rising '[A] vital contribution in a world where technological progress promises so much, but too often disappoints. If, like me, you believe that advances in science and technology are our best hope for solving the grand challenges of our times, this book is the indispensable guide to avoiding the mirages and the charlatans along the way' Matt Clifford, co-founder and CEO of Entrepreneur First 'A refreshingly grown-up, clear-headed look at the interaction between science, technology and the media - readable without being dumbed down, acknowledging complexities without being heavy' Tom Chivers, author of The AI Does Not Hate You 'ROBOTS WILL STEAL YOUR JOB!' 'AI WILL REVOLUTIONISE FARMING!' 'GENETIC EDITING WILL CURE CANCER!' Bombastic headlines about science and technology are nothing new. To cut through the constant stream of information and misinformation on social media, or grab the attention of investors, or convince governments to take notice, strident headlines or bold claims seem necessary to give complex, nuanced information some wow factor. But hype has a dark side, too. It can mislead. It can distract. It can blinker us from seeing what is actually going on. From AI, quantum computing and brain implants, to cancer drugs, future foods and fusion energy, science and technology journalist Gemma Milne reveals hype to be responsible for fundamentally misdirecting or even derailing crucial progress. Hype can be combated and discounted, though, if you're able to see exactly where, how and why it is being deployed. This book is your guide to doing just that.
Download or read book Thomas Kuhn s Linguistic Turn and the Legacy of Logical Empiricism written by Stefano Gattei and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a critical history of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century, focusing on the transition from logical positivism in its first half to the "new philosophy of science" in its second, Stefano Gattei examines the influence of several key figures, but the main focus of the book are Thomas Kuhn and Karl Popper. Kuhn as the central figure of the new philosophy of science, and Popper as a key philosopher of the time who stands outside both traditions. Gattei makes two important claims about the development of the philosophy of science in the twentieth century; that Kuhn is much closer to positivism than many have supposed, failing to solve the crisis of neopostivism, and that Popper, in responding to the deeper crisis of foundationalism that spans the whole of the Western philosophical tradition, ultimately shows what is untenable in Kuhn's view. Gattei has written a very detailed and fine grained, yet accessible discussion making exceptionally interesting use of archive materials.
Download or read book The Bloomsbury Companion to the Philosophy of Science written by Steven French and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-07-31 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bloomsbury Companion to the Philosophy of Science presents a practical and up-to-date research resource to the philosophy of science. Addressing fundamental questions asked by areas that have continued to attract interest historically, as well as recently-emerging areas of research, this volume provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the philosophy of science. Specially-commissioned essays from an international team of experts reveal where important work continues to be done in the area and the exciting new directions the field is taking. The Companion explores issues pertaining to the philosophy of specific sciences (physics, biology, neuroscience, economics, chemistry and mathematics) and general issues in the field, such as explanation, realism, representation, evidence, reduction, laws, causation and confirmation. Featuring a series of indispensable research tools, including an A to Z of key terms and concepts, a chronology, a detailed list of resources and a fully annotated bibliography, The Bloomsbury Companion to the Philosophy of Science the essential reference tool for anyone working in philosophy of science today.
Download or read book Microeconomics Competition and Strategic Behaviour written by Markus Thomas Münter and published by UTB. This book was released on 2022-09-05 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microeconomics is not applied math – frameworks in this book are regularly in use in daily managerial practice and strategic decision-making. Numerous case studies cover price discrimination, economies of scale, digital business models, game theory, dealing with uncertainty, entry barriers or sunk costs – all of which are crucial for understanding market dynamics and competitive behaviour.
Download or read book Historicism written by Herman Paul and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the twentieth century, scholars, artists and politicians have accused each other of “historicism.” But what exactly did this mean? Judging by existing scholarship, the answers varied enormously. Like many other “isms,” historicism could mean nearly everything, to the point of becoming meaningless. Yet the questions remain: What made generations of scholars throughout the humanities and social sciences worry about historicism? Why did even musicians and members of parliament warn against historicism? And what explains this remarkable career of the term across generations, fields, regions, and languages? Focusing on the “travels” that historicism made, this volume uses historicism as a prism for exploring connections between disciplines and intellectual traditions usually studied in isolation from each other. It shows how generations of sociologists, theologians, and historians tried to avoid pitfalls associated with historicism and explains why the term was heavily charged with emotions like anxiety, anger, and worry. While offering fresh interpretations of classic authors such as Friedrich Meinecke, Karl Löwith, and Leo Strauss, this volume highlights how historicism took on new meanings, connotations, and emotional baggage in the course of its travels through time and place.
Download or read book The Philosophy and Practice of Science written by David B. Teplow and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-31 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a novel synthesis of the philosophy and practice of science, covering its diverse theoretical, metaphysical, logical, philosophical, and practical elements. The process of science is generally taught in its empirical form: what science is, how it works, what it has achieved, and what it might achieve in the future. What is often absent is how to think deeply about science and how to apply its lessons in the pursuit of truth, in other words, knowing how to know. In this volume, David Teplow presents illustrative examples of science practice, history and philosophy of science, and sociological aspects of the scientific community, to address commonalities among these disciplines. In doing so, he challenges cherished beliefs and suggests to students, philosophers, and practicing scientists new, epistemically superior, ways of thinking about and doing science.
Download or read book The Philosophy of Mathematics and Logic in the 1920s and 1930s in Poland written by Roman Murawski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to present and analyze philosophical conceptions concerning mathematics and logic as formulated by Polish logicians, mathematicians and philosophers in the 1920s and 1930s. It was a remarkable period in the history of Polish science, in particular in the history of Polish logic and mathematics. Therefore, it is justified to ask whether and to what extent the development of logic and mathematics was accompanied by a philosophical reflection. We try to answer those questions by analyzing both works of Polish logicians and mathematicians who have a philosophical temperament as well as their research practice. Works and philosophical views of the following Polish scientists will be analyzed: Wacław Sierpiński, Zygmunt Janiszewski, Stefan Mazurkiewicz, Stefan Banach Hugo Steinhaus, Eustachy Żylińsk and Leon Chwistek, Jan Łukasiewicz, Zygmunt Zawirski, Stanisław Leśniewski, Tadeusz Kotarbiński, Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz, Alfred Tarski, Andrzej Mostowski and Henryk Mehlberg, Jan Sleszyński, Stanisław Zaremba and Witold Wilkosz. To indicate the background of scientists being active in the 1920s and 1930s we consider in Chapter 1 some predecessors, in particular: Jan Śniadecki, Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński, Samuel Dickstein and Edward Stamm.
Download or read book Correlations in Condensed Matter under Extreme Conditions written by G. G. N. Angilella and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-30 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses a wide range of topics relating to the properties and behavior of condensed matter under extreme conditions such as intense magnetic and electric fields, high pressures, heat and cold, and mechanical stresses. It is divided into four sections devoted to condensed matter theory, molecular chemistry, theoretical physics, and the philosophy and history of science. The main themes include electronic correlations in material systems under extreme pressure and temperature conditions, surface physics, the transport properties of low-dimensional electronic systems, applications of the density functional theory in molecular systems, and graphene. The book is the outcome of a workshop held at the University of Catania, Italy, in honor of Professor Renato Pucci on the occasion of his 70th birthday. It includes selected invited contributions from collaborators and co-authors of Professor Pucci during his long and successful career, as well as from other distinguished guest authors.
