Download or read book How Logic Works written by Hans Halvorson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2024-08-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise introduction to logic that teaches you not only how reasoning works, but why it works How Logic Works is an introductory logic textbook that is different by design. Rather than teaching elementary symbolic logic as an abstract or rote mathematical exercise divorced from ordinary thinking, Hans Halvorson presents it as the skill of clear and rigorous reasoning, which is essential in all fields and walks of life, from the sciences to the humanities—anywhere that making good arguments, and spotting bad ones, is critical to success. Instead of teaching how to apply algorithms using “truth trees,” as in the vast majority of logic textbooks, How Logic Works builds on and reinforces the innate human skills of making and evaluating arguments. It does this by introducing the methods of natural deduction, an approach that teaches students not only how to carry out a proof and solve a problem but also what the principles of valid reasoning are and how they can be applied to any subject. The book also allows students to transition smoothly to more advanced topics in logic by teaching them general techniques that apply to more complicated scenarios, such as how to formulate theories about specific subject matter. How Logic Works shows that formal logic—far from being only for mathematicians or a diversion from the really deep questions of philosophy and human life—is the best account we have of what it means to be rational. By teaching logic in a way that makes students aware of how they already use it, the book will help them to become even better thinkers. Offers a concise, readable, and user-friendly introduction to elementary symbolic logic that primarily uses natural deduction rather than algorithmic “truth trees” Draws on more than two decades’ experience teaching introductory logic to undergraduates Provides a stepping stone to more advanced topics

Download or read book Logic Works written by Lorne Falkenstein and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logic Works is a critical and extensive introduction to logic. It asks questions about why systems of logic are as they are, how they relate to ordinary language and ordinary reasoning, and what alternatives there might be to classical logical doctrines. The book covers classical first-order logic and alternatives, including intuitionistic, free, and many-valued logic. It also considers how logical analysis can be applied to carefully represent the reasoning employed in academic and scientific work, better understand that reasoning, and identify its hidden premises. Aiming to be as much a reference work and handbook for further, independent study as a course text, it covers more material than is typically covered in an introductory course. It also covers this material at greater length and in more depth with the purpose of making it accessible to those with no prior training in logic or formal systems. Online support material includes a detailed student solutions manual with a running commentary on all starred exercises, and a set of editable slide presentations for course lectures. Key Features Introduces an unusually broad range of topics, allowing instructors to craft courses to meet a range of various objectives Adopts a critical attitude to certain classical doctrines, exposing students to alternative ways to answer philosophical questions about logic Carefully considers the ways natural language both resists and lends itself to formalization Makes objectual semantics for quantified logic easy, with an incremental, rule-governed approach assisted by numerous simple exercises Makes important metatheoretical results accessible to introductory students through a discursive presentation of those results and by using simple case studies

Download or read book How Logic Works written by Hans Halvorson and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-09 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Logic instruction typically takes two forms. The first has the aim of teaching students to solve a certain sort of problem as efficiently as possible. This is the approach adopted by most logic textbooks and truth trees, the most popular method, gives students an algorithm for solving logic problems. The second has as its aim teaching students a certain style of thinking and, thus, concerns itself with how students solve problems. In How Logic Works, Hans Halvorson introduces students to the methods of natural deduction, a method which not only helps them solve problems, but helps them to understand the principles of valid reasoning for themselves. Halvorson uses formal logic to train students in the task of constructing paths between premises and conclusions. The student, then, will become an expert traveller in logical space, quickly recognizing the difference between a safe path (where truth is guaranteed to be preserved) and a hazardous path (where truth might be lost). This approach is premised on the fact that if a student learns natural deduction, she learns a skill that transfers to any domain where valid deductive reasoning is useful"--

Download or read book Why Civil Resistance Works written by Erica Chenoweth and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-09 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a century, from 1900 to 2006, campaigns of nonviolent resistance were more than twice as effective as their violent counterparts in achieving their stated goals. By attracting impressive support from citizens, whose activism takes the form of protests, boycotts, civil disobedience, and other forms of nonviolent noncooperation, these efforts help separate regimes from their main sources of power and produce remarkable results, even in Iran, Burma, the Philippines, and the Palestinian Territories. Combining statistical analysis with case studies of specific countries and territories, Erica Chenoweth and Maria J. Stephan detail the factors enabling such campaigns to succeed and, sometimes, causing them to fail. They find that nonviolent resistance presents fewer obstacles to moral and physical involvement and commitment, and that higher levels of participation contribute to enhanced resilience, greater opportunities for tactical innovation and civic disruption (and therefore less incentive for a regime to maintain its status quo), and shifts in loyalty among opponents' erstwhile supporters, including members of the military establishment. Chenoweth and Stephan conclude that successful nonviolent resistance ushers in more durable and internally peaceful democracies, which are less likely to regress into civil war. Presenting a rich, evidentiary argument, they originally and systematically compare violent and nonviolent outcomes in different historical periods and geographical contexts, debunking the myth that violence occurs because of structural and environmental factors and that it is necessary to achieve certain political goals. Instead, the authors discover, violent insurgency is rarely justifiable on strategic grounds.

Download or read book The Works in Logic by Bosniac Authors in Arabic written by Amir Ljubović and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a historical and comparative study of logic in Arabic in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from the first texts, 16th century, to the end of the 19th century, using authentic, completely unknown and unpublished manuscripts

Download or read book The Works in Logic by Bosniac Authors in Arabic written by Amir Ljubovic and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008-11-30 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a historical and comparative study of logic in Arabic in Bosnia and Herzegovina, from the first texts, 16th century, to the end of the 19th century, using authentic, completely unknown and unpublished manuscripts

Download or read book Introduction to Logic written by Harry J Gensler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Logic is clear and concise, uses interesting examples (many philosophical in nature), and has easy-to-use proof methods. Its key features, retained in this Third Edition, include: simpler ways to test arguments, including an innovative proof method and the star test for syllogisms; a wide scope of materials, suiting it for introductory or intermediate courses; engaging examples, from philosophy and everyday life; useful for self-study and preparation for standardized tests, like the LSAT; a reasonable price (a third the cost of some competitors); and exercises that correspond to the free LogiCola instructional program. This Third Edition: improves explanations, especially on areas that students find difficult; has a fuller explanation of traditional Copi proofs and of truth trees; and updates the companion LogiCola software, which now is touch friendly (for use on Windows tablets and touch monitors), installs more easily on Windows and Macintosh, and adds exercises on Copi proofs and on truth trees. You can still install LogiCola for free (from http://www.harryhiker.com/lc or http://www.routledge.com/cw/gensler).

Download or read book Jasper Johns In Press written by and published by Hatje Cantz. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is published in conjunction with the exhibition Jasper Johns / In Press: The Crosshatch Works and the Logic of Print, on view at the Harvard Art Museums, Cambridge, Massachusetts, May 22-August 18, 2012.

Download or read book LogicWorks 5 written by and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LogicWorks is the schematic drawing and interactive digital simulation package that has set the standard for demonstrating logic design principles and practices while producing professional results. LogicWorks 5 helps the reader understand the concepts of using these tools in a variety of design situations in electrical and computer engineering and computer science. Features a subset of the industry-standard VHDL language and fully mixes high-level language and structural design methods. Displays any values in a simulation using the preformatted HTML. Simplifies the creation of component simulations. For anyone interested in learning more about digital design, electrical engineering and computer technology.

Download or read book The Road to Universal Logic written by Arnold Koslow and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2015-06-10 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume of a collection of papers offers new perspectives and challenges in the study of logic. It is presented in honor of the fiftieth birthday of Jean-Yves Béziau. The papers touch upon a wide range of topics including paraconsistent logic, quantum logic, geometry of oppositions, categorical logic, computational logic, fundamental logic notions (identity, rule, quantification) and history of logic (Leibniz, Peirce, Hilbert). The volume gathers personal recollections about Jean-Yves Béziau and an autobiography, followed by 25 papers written by internationally distinguished logicians, mathematicians, computer scientists, linguists and philosophers, including Irving Anellis, Dov Gabbay, Ivor Grattan-Guinness, Istvan Németi, Henri Prade. These essays will be of interest to all students and researchers interested in the nature and future of logic.

Download or read book A Definitive Guide to Logic Circuits and Advanced Circuits Mastering Digital Electronics written by and published by jideon francisco marques. This book was released on 2024-01-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction The Aims and Objectives of the Book My main aim in writing this book is to introduce you to the exciting and challenging field of digital electronics. I want to develop your desire and ability to understand how digital circuits work. After reading this book, you should be able to do some or all of the following: • You will understand what TTL and CMOS mean and appreciate their main differences. • You should know what the five main logic gates are and their respective symbols and Boolean expressions. • You should know the basics of Boolean algebra and use it to simplify logic expressions and circuits. • You should know what Karnaugh maps are and how to use them to simplify logic circuits and expressions. • You should know how to implement the 1st and 2nd canonical formats for Karnaugh maps. • You will know how the JK flip flop works and how it was born out of the SR latch. • You should be able to use the JK flip flop and the D-type latch to create a series of counters and different shift registers such as SIPO, SISO, PIPO, and PISO. • You should understand the difference between sequential and combinational logic. • You should be able to use a range of design techniques, that is, state diagrams, transition tables, etc. • You should be able to create a range of combinational logic circuits such as half and full adders, binary subtractors, multiplexers, etc. • You should understand how the 555-timer IC works and how to configure it in a range of different applications such as the monostable, the astable, and PWM. • You should be able to design a range of logic circuits. • You should be able to use the ECAD software TINA 12.

Download or read book Logic and the Art of Memory written by Paolo Rossi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2000-12-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mnemonic arts and the idea of a universal language that would capture the essence of all things were originally associated with cryptology, mysticism, and other occult practices. And it is commonly held that these enigmatic efforts were abandoned with the development of formal logic in the seventeenth century and the beginning of the modern era. In his distinguished book, Logic and the Art of Memory Italian philosopher and historian Paolo Rossi argues that this view is belied by an examination of the history of the idea of a universal language. Based on comprehensive analyses of original texts, Rossi traces the development of this idea from late medieval thinkers such as Ramon Lull through Bruno, Bacon, Descartes, and finally Leibniz in the seventeenth century. The search for a symbolic mode of communication that would be intelligible to everyone was not a mere vestige of magical thinking and occult sciences, but a fundamental component of Renaissance and Enlightenment thought. Seen from this perspective, modern science and combinatorial logic represent not a break from the past but rather its full maturity. Available for the first time in English, this book (originally titled Clavis Universalis) remains one of the most important contributions to the history of ideas ever written. In addition to his eagerly anticipated translation, Steven Clucas offers a substantial introduction that places this book in the context of other recent works on this fascinating subject. A rich history and valuable sourcebook, Logic and the Art of Memory documents an essential chapter in the development of human reason.

Download or read book The Great Formal Machinery Works written by Jan von Plato and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-02 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The information age owes its existence to a little-known but crucial development, the theoretical study of logic and the foundations of mathematics. The Great Formal Machinery Works draws on original sources and rare archival materials to trace the history of the theories of deduction and computation that laid the logical foundations for the digital revolution. Jan von Plato examines the contributions of figures such as Aristotle; the nineteenth-century German polymath Hermann Grassmann; George Boole, whose Boolean logic would prove essential to programming languages and computing; Ernst Schröder, best known for his work on algebraic logic; and Giuseppe Peano, cofounder of mathematical logic. Von Plato shows how the idea of a formal proof in mathematics emerged gradually in the second half of the nineteenth century, hand in hand with the notion of a formal process of computation. A turning point was reached by 1930, when Kurt Gödel conceived his celebrated incompleteness theorems. They were an enormous boost to the study of formal languages and computability, which were brought to perfection by the end of the 1930s with precise theories of formal languages and formal deduction and parallel theories of algorithmic computability. Von Plato describes how the first theoretical ideas of a computer soon emerged in the work of Alan Turing in 1936 and John von Neumann some years later. Shedding new light on this crucial chapter in the history of science, The Great Formal Machinery Works is essential reading for students and researchers in logic, mathematics, and computer science.

Download or read book Logic The Basics written by Jc Beall and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-04-20 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logic: The Basics is an accessible introduction to several core areas of logic. The first part of the book features a self-contained introduction to the standard topics in classical logic, such as: · mathematical preliminaries · propositional logic · quantified logic (first monadic, then polyadic) · English and standard ‘symbolic translations’ · tableau procedures. Alongside comprehensive coverage of the standard topics, this thoroughly revised second edition also introduces several philosophically important nonclassical logics, free logics, and modal logics, and gives the reader an idea of how they can take their knowledge further. With its wealth of exercises (solutions available in the encyclopedic online supplement), Logic: The Basics is a useful textbook for courses ranging from the introductory level to the early graduate level, and also as a reference for students and researchers in philosophical logic.

Download or read book Teaching Christianity written by Saint Augustine (of Hippo) and published by New City Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teaching Christianity is the most original book Augustine ever wrote. It is not so much a treatise or scholarly work but an instruction manual on how to teach Christianity. He wrote this how to book for those who would be preaching and explaining Christianity. It is entirely based on the bible and helps the reader express its truths of faith with soundproof methodology. It is a book that will help readers to communicate their message in a clear and effective way. Edmund Hills new translation of Augustines treatise On Christian Doctrine is superb. His early and mature thought on how to understand scripture and how to communicate that understanding to others is set forth clearly and attractively. The translator has shown great discernment in his choice of words and in their placement. This makes for a smooth reading. Extremely valuable are the scholarly endnotes provided after each of the four books. The new title chosen by Edmund Hill, namely, Teaching Christianity indicates that Augustine is here instructing the African clergy, probably the bishops, how to preach effectively to their congregations. The treatise is not focused on doctrine. Sr. Mary T. Clark, RSCJ Manhattanville College President, Society for Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy

Download or read book The Works written by Jeremy Bentham and published by . This book was released on 1843 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclop dia of Religion and Ethics Life and death Mulla written by James Hastings and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scope: theology, philosophy, ethics of various religions and ethical systems and relevant portions of anthropology, mythology, folklore, biology, psychology, economics and sociology.