Download or read book Load Balanced and Energy Aware Routing for Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks written by Siddharth Harish Kamath and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are battery powered, and minimizing energy consumption without compromising the data quality is imperative for maximizing its lifetime. Traditional routing protocols are seen to suffer from a load imbalance problem that is caused by concentration of data traffic only on a few critical nodes, which is solely decided by link quality considerations. As a result, some critical nodes may deplete their batteries faster and stop working much earlier than desired, which ultimately compromises the network lifetime. This work involves design of a load balanced and energy aware routing algorithm which tries to distribute data traffic over all the critical nodes using real time traffic data as well as voltage based run-time energy monitoring to modify the routing metric. This will ensure that sensor nodes will choose routes with higher energy and lower data traffic which would balance the energy consumption in the nodes and improve the network lifetime. Laboratory results and simulations indicate significant increase in network lifetime in comparison to the traditional tree routing protocol.

Download or read book Sensor Technology Concepts Methodologies Tools and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 1618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collecting and processing data is a necessary aspect of living in a technologically advanced society. Whether it’s monitoring events, controlling different variables, or using decision-making applications, it is important to have a system that is both inexpensive and capable of coping with high amounts of data. As the application of these networks becomes more common, it becomes imperative to evaluate their effectiveness as well as other opportunities for possible implementation in the future. Sensor Technology: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a vital reference source that brings together new ways to process and monitor data and to put it to work in everything from intelligent transportation systems to healthcare to multimedia applications. It also provides inclusive coverage on the processing and applications of wireless communication, sensor networks, and mobile computing. Highlighting a range of topics such as internet of things, signal processing hardware, and wireless sensor technologies, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for research and development engineers, IT specialists, developers, graduate students, academics, and researchers.

Download or read book Energy Aware and Adaptive Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent technological advances have enabled distributed micro-sensing for large scale information gathering through a network of tiny, low power devices or nodes equipped with programmable computing, multiple sensing and communication capabilities. This network of sensor nodes, known as a wireless sensor network, has revolutionized remote monitoring applications because of its ease of deployment, ad hoc connectivity and cost-effectiveness. In this dissertation, we design distributed routing protocols for minimizing energy consumption in a sensor network. There are two main contributions of this work. The first contribution is the design of an energy aware multiple path routing protocol to route heavy data traffic between a source and a destination node in a sensor network. The protocol spreads the routing load between the source and destination nodes over a large number of sensor nodes to minimize disparity in the energy levels of the sensor nodes. We also grade the multiple paths based on their route length to support time critical queries on the shortest available paths. The second contribution is the design of a communication architecture that supports distributed query processing to evaluate spatio-temporal queries within the network. We represent these queries by query trees and distribute query operators to appropriate sensor nodes. As operator execution demands high computation capability, we propose use of a heterogenous sensor network where query operators are assigned to sparsely deployed resource-rich nodes within a dense network of low power sensor nodes. We design an adaptive, decentralized, low communication overhead algorithm to determine an operator placement on the resource-rich nodes in the network to minimize cost of transmitting data in the routing tree constructed to continuously retrieve data from a set of spatially distributed geographical regions to the sink. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to build an energy aware routing infrastructure to enable in-network processing of spatio-temporal queries. In order to maximize energy savings the proposed multiple path routing protocol can be used to route data between the nodes that form the routing tree.

Download or read book Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks written by Amiya Nayak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-26 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely book offers a mixture of theory, experiments, and simulations that provides qualitative and quantitative insights in the field of sensor and actuator networking. The chapters are selected in a way that makes the book comprehensive and self-contained. It covers a wide range of recognized problems in sensor networks, striking a balance between theoretical and practical coverage. The book is appropriate for graduate students and practitioners working as engineers, programmers, and technologists.

Download or read book Distributed Computing and Internet Technology written by Chittaranjan Hota and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Distributed Computing and Internet Technology, ICDCIT 2013, held in Bhubaneswar, India, in February 2013. The 40 full papers presented together with 5 invited talks in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 164 submissions. The papers cover various research aspects in distributed computing, internet technology, computer networks, and machine learning.

Download or read book Routing Algorithms for Large Scale Wireless Sensor Networks written by Lakshmana Prasanth Nittala Venkata and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Routing in sensor networks is a challenging issue due to inherent constraints such as power, memory, and CPU processing capabilities. In this thesis, we assume an All to All communication mode in an N x N grid sensor network. We explore routing algorithms which load balance the network without compromising the shortest paths constrain. We analyzed the Servetto method and studied two routing strategies, namely Horizontal-Vertical routing and Zigzag routing. The problem is divided into two scenarios, one being the static case (without failed nodes), and the other being the dynamic case (with failed nodes). In static network case, we derived mathematical formulae representing the maximum and minimum loads on a sensor grid, when specific routing strategies are employed. We show improvement in performance in load balancing of the grid by using Horizontal-Vertical method instead of the existing Servetto method. In the dynamic network scenario, we compare the performance of routing strategies with respect to probability of failure of nodes in the grid network. We derived the formulae for the success-ratio, in specific strategies, when nodes fail with a probability of p in a predefined source-destination pair communication. We show that the Servetto method does not perform well in both scenarios. In addition, Hybrid strategy proposed does not perform well compared to the studied strategies. We support the derived formulae and the performance of the routing strategies with extensive simulations.

Download or read book Distributed Load Balancing in Many to one Wireless Sensor Networks written by Anthony Kleerekoper and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A typical sensor network is conceived as being a very large collection of low-powered, homogeneous nodes that remain static post-deployment and forward sensed data to a single sink via multi-hop communication. For these types of networks there is an inherent funnelling effect whereby the nodes that can communicate directly with the sink must collectively forward the traffic of the entire network and therefore these nodes use more energy than the other nodes. This is known as the energy hole problem because after some time, these nodes deplete their batteries and leave an energy hole cutting the sink off from the network. In this thesis two new routing protocols are proposed that aim to maximise load balancing among these most critical nodes in order to maximise lifetime. They are the first fully distributed routing protocols that are designed to generate a load balanced routing tree to mitigate the energy hole problem. The results show that the better performing of the two is capable of creating a highly balanced tree at the cost of a small increase in latency. Although there have been other fully distributed protocols that aim at a similar form of load balancing, it is proven that the approach they take cannot guarantee perfect balance among the most critical nodes even in unrealistically generous scenarios. This suggests that they are not well suited to that task and the simulation results show that the novel protocols proposed in this thesis outperform the best of the alternatives. Before these protocols are proposed, the absolute reception-based blacklisting routing strategy is shown to be more energy efficient than previously thought and indeed more efficient than the strategy that has previously been considered optimal. This result is used to strongly justify the use of the unit disk graph model in simulations of sensor networks. Additionally, the relay hole problem in sensor networks is analysed for the first time.

Download or read book Opportunistic Routing in Large scale Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks written by Hossein Shafieirad and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy self-sufficiency is one of the main bottlenecks in the implementation of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this regard, energy harvesting (EH), the capture of energy from ambient sources of renewable energies, is a promising solution to the energy problem. However, the resulting randomness in the energy available to nodes forces the redesign of the communications protocols. Of specific interest here is to enable the delivery of sensed data to a fusion center in the EH-WSN. In this thesis, we consider two open problems of practical importance to the implementation of large-scale WSNs. First, we propose the notion of energy outage rate for a single link in WSN as a tool for online consideration of EH in such networks. Second, we propose and mathematically analyze an energy-aware, opportunistic routing protocol for large-scale multi-hop EH-WSNs. Our routing protocol significantly increases the rate of data delivery as compared to the state-of-the-art technologies.

Download or read book Sensor and Ad Hoc Networks written by S. Kami Makki and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together leading researchers and developers in the field of wireless sensor networks to explain the special problems and challenges of the algorithmic aspects of sensor and ad-hoc networks. The book also fosters communication not only between the different sensor and ad-hoc communities, but also between those communities and the distributed systems and information systems communities. The topics addressed pertain to the sensors and mobile environment.

Download or read book Energy Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Networks written by Olfa Kanoun and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless sensors and sensor networks (WSNs) are nowadays becoming increasingly important due to their decisive advantages. Different trends towards the Internet of Things (IoT), Industry 4.0 and 5G Networks address massive sensing and admit to have wireless sensors delivering measurement data directly to the Web in a reliable and easy manner. These sensors can only be supported, if sufficient energy efficiency and flexible solutions are developed for energy-aware wireless sensor nodes. In the last years, different possibilities for energy harvesting have been investigated showing a high level of maturity. This book gives therefore an overview on fundamentals and techniques for energy harvesting and energy transfer from different points of view. Different techniques and methods for energy transfer, management and energy saving on network level are reported together with selected interesting applications. The book is interesting for researchers, developers and students in the field of sensors, wireless sensors, WSNs, IoT and manifold application fields using related technologies. The book is organized in four major parts. The first part of the book introduces essential fundamentals and methods, while the second part focusses on vibration converters and hybridization. The third part is dedicated to wireless energy transfer, including both RF and inductive energy transfer. Finally, the fourth part of the book treats energy saving and management strategies. The main contents are: Essential fundamentals and methods of wireless sensors Energy harvesting from vibration Hybrid vibration energy converters Electromagnetic transducers Piezoelectric transducers Magneto-electric transducers Non-linear broadband converters Energy transfer via magnetic fields RF energy transfer Energy saving techniques Energy management strategies Energy management on network level Applications in agriculture Applications in structural health monitoring Application in power grids Prof. Dr. Olfa Kanoun is professor for measurement and sensor technology at Chemnitz university of technology. She is specialist in the field of sensors and sensor systems design.

Download or read book An Intelligent and Adaptable Energy Aware Service Model for the Internet of Things written by Dr.A.VIJAYA KRISHNA and published by Archers & Elevators Publishing House. This book was released on with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Complete Guide to Wireless Sensor Networks written by Ankur Dumka and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-31 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of the major aspects in designing, implementing, and deploying wireless sensor networks by discussing present research on WSNs and their applications in various disciplines. It familiarizes readers with the current state of WSNs and how such networks can be improved to achieve effectiveness and efficiency. It starts with a detailed introduction of wireless sensor networks and their applications and proceeds with layered architecture of WSNs. It also addresses prominent issues such as mobility, heterogeneity, fault-tolerance, intermittent connectivity, and cross layer optimization along with a number of existing solutions to stimulate future research.

Download or read book An Energy efficient and Load balancing Cluster based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks written by Rwan Ibrahim and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Clustering is a popular routing technique in configuring Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It can determine the communications between all nodes to collect data in an efficient manner. It handles the main challenge of energy-efficiency in WSNs, and can be used to re-configure the network according to changes in the nodes' conditions. This thesis contributes to the routing in WSNs by proposing an Energy-efficient and Load-balancing Cluster-based (ELC) routing algorithm for Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA)-based WSNs. In particular, both distance and residual energy are taken into consideration in developing the cluster-head selection procedure while ensuring that the network has a desired number of cluster heads. In addition to distance, cluster size is also used in formulating the cost function for cluster forming in order to balance load and energy consumption among the nodes, and hence, enhancing the network lifetime. Besides, ELC employs multi-hop inter-cluster routing based on a lowest-cost path approach that considers both energy efficiency and load balancing. Illustrative simulation results show that ELC consumes less energy and offers longer network lifetime as compared to other existing cluster-based routing algorithms such as Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy-Centralized (LEACH-C) protocol and Central Base Station Controlled Density Aware Clustering Protocol (CBCDACP)." --

Download or read book LARGE SCALE COMPLEX NETWORK ANALYSIS written by Subhankar Dhar and published by Academic Publishers. This book was released on 2015-12-19 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Workshop Proceedings, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata December 19-20, 2015

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Based Energy Aware Routing Protocol AIEARP for Wireless Sensor Network written by Dr. Pooja Singh and published by Shineeks Publishers. This book was released on 2022-11-16 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current progress in Wireless Sensor Network has taken to various new protocols formed especially for sensor networks in where the energy awareness is a necessary deliberation. Wireless Sensor Network is highly accessible for significant applications namely surveillance of security and environmental monitoring. The researchers all over the world are investigating about the most important parameter of wireless sensor network i.e. Energy. The main emphasis is given over the efficiency of energy as the energy saved by the wireless sensor network is less and the consumption of energy is high and this is the main reason behind the lifetime network depletion at a fast pace. There in the sensor nodes one more challenge is exhibited that is of the limited power capacity, so for the same the battery should be either charged or changed as there are several functions which are to be performed by the energy of the sensor nodes being aggregation, sensing and transmission of data and on board processing. Majorly, the energy is consumed by the wireless data transmission among the nodes and more energy is consumed as compared to the other sensing and processing operations of data. The high energy is consumed because the data is transmitted over a large distance as the nodes are located far from each other. Further, the collision, overhearing and idle listening of the nodes are the major reasons behind the high wastage of energy during the transmission and the communication of data. There are several applications, in which the nodes are disregarded, and thus worsening the failure of nodes and enhancing the problem of high energy consumption. The success of the application is dependent over the network lifetime and the exchange or the recharging of the batteries is costly as well as not feasible. Therefore, the attention of the researchers is seeking towards usage and the consumption of the energy. Further, the development of such energy efficient network should be done which should cover and provide solution for all the above mentioned challenges so that the utility of the wireless sensor networks is enhanced in the applications related to it. The main intention of this study and book is to investigate in detail about the concept “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks”. Significance of the Book: This book convers and discusses about previous studies carried out in the area of data fusion and the crucial issue in energy reduction of the sensor modes during the data fusion. The main objectives of this book a) To analyze the energy aware routing protocol in wireless sensor network; b) To examine the maximum energy consumption for routing process to sustain long life batter power in wireless sensor network.; c) To analyze the routing protocol enhancement by applying data fusion technique; d)To explore the routing protocol enhancement by applying data fusion technique; e)To propose an algorithm to integrate data fusion technique to enhance the consumption of energy. This book study is constrained to wireless sensor networks and limited to data fusion technique. However, this book study evaluates the concept of “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks”. Finally, this book considers a novel network organization scheme, energy-efficient Self organizing Map (K-SOM) Feed forward scheme, to organize sensor nodes into clusters with Data-Fusion. Also, it proposes a Energy aware routing algorithm, called “Artificial Intelligence Based Energy Aware Routing Protocol (AIEARP) for Wireless Sensor Network, for elevating sensor network lifetime. This book also shows the Experimental results for out-performs interims of network lifetime with dead nodes at different iteration and energy conservation with its energy consumption among the cluster heads. The following is an overview of the contents of the chapter, which presented in this Book. Chapter 1: Introduction of the EARP in WSN This chapter provides the vital idea about the research concept “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks” including the research background, problem statement, aims and objectives of the study, research questions, significance of the study and limitations of the research. Chapter 2: Literature Review This chapter examines several works related to the conceptual framework model for “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks”. In addition to these, this research explains in detail about the energy aware routing protocol in wireless sensor network. Apart from these, this research explains about the maximum energy consumption for routing process to sustain long life batter power in wireless sensor network. At last, this literature review chapter discusses about the routing protocol enhancement by applying data fusion technique and the routing protocol enhancement by applying data fusion technique. In addition to these, this research provides framework for “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks”. Chapter 3: Research design This chapter provides an overview about the intelligent energy aware routing protocol using data fusion technique in wireless sensor networks. This chapter explains about the steps to be followed in the developed method. Chapter 4: Result analysis in term of intelligent energy aware protocol This chapter discusses about the analysis of implementation of proposed framework “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks”. Chapter 5: Conclusion & Future enhancement This chapter explains about the summary of findings obtained through the analysis and results section and also gives conclusion to the research “An Intelligent Energy Aware Routing Protocol using Data Fusion Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks” followed by suggestions and recommendations for the future research. Bibliography: This section lists all works of interest, including those mentioned in the text.

Download or read book Proceedings of Fifth International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving written by Millie Pant and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-19 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of SocProS 2015 will serve as an academic bonanza for scientists and researchers working in the field of Soft Computing. This book contains theoretical as well as practical aspects using fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence algorithms, etc., with many applications under the umbrella of ‘Soft Computing’. The book will be beneficial for young as well as experienced researchers dealing across complex and intricate real world problems for which finding a solution by traditional methods is a difficult task. The different application areas covered in the proceedings are: Image Processing, Cryptanalysis, Industrial Optimization, Supply Chain Management, Newly Proposed Nature Inspired Algorithms, Signal Processing, Problems related to Medical and Health Care, Networking Optimization Problems, etc.

Download or read book Network Formation and Routing for Multi hop Wireless Ad hoc Networks written by Xin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An energy-aware on-demand Bluetooth scatternet formation and routing protocol taking into account network architecture and traffic pattern is proposed. The scatternet formation protocol is able to cope with multiple sources initiating traffic simultaneously as well as prolong network lifetime. A modified Inquiry scheme using extended ID packet is introduced for fast device discovery and power efficient propagation of route request messages with low delay. A mechanism employing POLL packets in Page processes is proposed to transfer scatternet formation and route reply information without extra overhead. In addition, the energy aware forwarding nodes selection scheme is based on local information and results in more uniform network resource utilization and improved network lifetime. Simulation results show that this protocol can provide scatternet formation with reasonable delay and with good load balance which results in prolonged network lifetime for Bluetooth-based wireless sensor networks. In this research, a metric-based scatternet formation algorithm for the Bluetooth-based sensor motes is presented. It optimizes the Bluetooth network formation from the hop distance and link quality perspectives. In addition, a smart repair mechanism is proposed to deal with link/node failure and recover the network connectivity promptly with low overhead. The experiments with the Intel Mote platform demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimizations. This research also investigates the scalability of ad hoc routing protocols in very large-scale wireless ad hoc networks. A comprehensive simulation study is conducted of the performance of an on-demand routing protocol on a very large-scale, with as many as 50,000 nodes in the network. The scalability analysis is addressed based on various network sizes, node density, traffic load, and mobility. The reasons for packet loss are analyzed and categorized at each network layer. Based on the observations, we observe the effect of the parameter selection and try to exhaust the scalability boundary of the on-demand routing protocol for wireless ad hoc networks.