Download or read book Lithium Iron Phosphate A Promising Cathode Active Material for Lithium Secondary Batteries written by Gouri Cheruvally and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2008-04-26 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first development of lithium-ion batteries in the early 1990s, there have been tremendous advances in the science and technology of these electrochemical energy sources. At present, lithium batteries dominate the field of advanced power sources and have almost entirely replaced their bulkier and less energetic counterparts such as nickel-cadmium and nickel-metalhydride batteries; especially in portable electronic devices. But lithium batteries are still the object of continuing intense research aimed at making further improvements in performance and safety, at lower cost, so as to make them suitable for higher-power and more demanding applications such as electric vehicles. The research and development of new electrode materials, particularly for cathodes, having an improved electrochemical performance has always been a matter of changing focus. Thus, olivine, lithium iron phosphate, has attracted considerable attention in recent years as a safe, environmentally friendly, extremely stable and very promising cathode material.
Download or read book Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries written by Pier Paolo Prosini and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-31 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries describes the synthesis and the chemical–physical characteristics of iron phosphates, and presents methods of making LiFePO4 a suitable cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. The author studies carbon’s ability to increase conductivity and to decrease material grain size, as well as investigating the electrochemical behaviour of the materials obtained. Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries also proposes a model to explain lithium insertion/extraction in LiFePO4 and to predict voltage profiles at various discharge rates. Iron Phosphate Materials as Cathodes for Lithium Batteries is written for postgraduate students and researchers in electrochemistry, R&D professionals and experts in electrochemical storage.
Download or read book Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2022-10-15 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery The lithium iron phosphate battery, often known as an LFP battery, is a form of lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. The anode of this battery is made up of a graphitic carbon electrode that has a metallic backing. The energy density of an LFP battery is lower than that of other common lithium ion battery types such as Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) and Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA), and it also has a lower operating voltage; CATL's LFP batteries are currently at 125 watt hours (Wh) per kg, up to possibly 160 Wh/kg with improved packing technology, while BYD's LFP batteries are at 150 Wh/kg, which is compared to over 300 Notably, the energy density of the Panasonic "2170" batteries that will be utilized in the Tesla Model 3 in the year 2020 is around 260 Wh/kg, which is approximately 70 percent of the value of its "pure chemicals." How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Lithium iron phosphate battery Chapter 2: Lithium-ion battery Chapter 3: Rechargeable battery Chapter 4: Lithium polymer battery Chapter 5: John B. Goodenough Chapter 6: Lithium iron phosphate Chapter 7: Electric vehicle battery Chapter 8: Lithium-titanate battery Chapter 9: Solid-state battery Chapter 10: Lithium-air battery Chapter 11: Sodium-ion battery Chapter 12: Aluminium-ion battery Chapter 13: Comparison of commercial battery types Chapter 14: Research in lithium-ion batteries Chapter 15: Lithium hybrid organic battery Chapter 16: Magnesium battery Chapter 17: Glass battery Chapter 18: Lithium nickel cobalt aluminium oxides Chapter 19: Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides Chapter 20: Arumugam Manthiram Chapter 21: History of the lithium-ion battery (II) Answering the public top questions about lithium iron phosphate battery. (III) Real world examples for the usage of lithium iron phosphate battery in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of lithium iron phosphate battery' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of lithium iron phosphate battery.
Download or read book Metal Metal Oxides and Metal Sulfides for Batteries Fuel Cells Solar Cells Photocatalysis and Health Sensors written by Saravanan Rajendran and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022-05-02 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent findings on the use of new nanostructured materials for biofuels, batteries, fuel cells, solar cells, supercapacitors and health biosensors. Chapters describe principles and how to choose a nanomaterial for specific applications in energy, environment and medicine.
Download or read book Electric Vehicles written by Seref Soylu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-09-12 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, modeling and simulation of electric vehicles and their components have been emphasized chapter by chapter with valuable contribution of many researchers who work on both technical and regulatory sides of the field. Mathematical models for electrical vehicles and their components were introduced and merged together to make this book a guide for industry, academia and policy makers.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium Iron Phosphate as Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Feray Chi Hung Wong and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lithium Ion Batteries written by Xianxia Yuan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a group of top scientists and engineers in academic and industrial R&D, Lithium-Ion Batteries: Advanced Materials and Technologies gives a clear picture of the current status of these highly efficient batteries. Leading international specialists from universities, government laboratories, and the lithium-ion battery industry share th
Download or read book Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Christian Julien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-31 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lithium-ion battery comprises essentially three components: two intercalation compounds as positive and negative electrodes, separated by an ionic-electronic electrolyte. Each component is discussed in sufficient detail to give the practising engineer an understanding of the subject, providing guidance on the selection of suitable materials in actual applications. Each topic covered is written by an expert, reflecting many years of experience in research and applications. Each topic is provided with an extensive list of references, allowing easy access to further information. Readership: Research students and engineers seeking an expert review. Graduate courses in electrical drives can also be designed around the book by selecting sections for discussion. The coverage and treatment make the book indispensable for the lithium battery community.
Download or read book Batteries in a Portable World written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enhanced Electrochemical Properties of Lithium Iron Phosphate as a Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Rechargeable Batteries written by Jungbae Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cu incorporated LFP composite cathode showed a high capacity of 161 mAhg-1, displayed excellent high rate and cyclic performance. Lastly, In order to improve the electrical conductivity of LFP cathode with a consideration of a reduced cost of the coating material, metal oxide was employed. This idea was originated from the transformation of metal to metal oxide as mentioned in the above. ZnO/Carbon was incorporated in the cathode by ball milling ZnO, PEG and LFP particles together. Herein, the catalytic property of ZnO for carbon transformation was confirmed again through the analysis of ID/IG ratio. The uniformly dispersed carbon and ZnO on the surface of LFP led to a good electronic contact between the LFP grains. Thus, an excellent high rate performance up to 10C was successfully achieved.
Download or read book Lithium Ion Batteries written by Gianfranco Pistoia and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-Ion Batteries features an in-depth description of different lithium-ion applications, including important features such as safety and reliability. This title acquaints readers with the numerous and often consumer-oriented applications of this widespread battery type. Lithium-Ion Batteries also explores the concepts of nanostructured materials, as well as the importance of battery management systems. This handbook is an invaluable resource for electrochemical engineers and battery and fuel cell experts everywhere, from research institutions and universities to a worldwide array of professional industries. Contains all applications of consumer and industrial lithium-ion batteries, including reviews, in a single volume Features contributions from the world's leading industry and research experts Presents executive summaries of specific case studies Covers information on basic research and application approaches
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Rachid Yazami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent advances in the science and technology of nanostructured materials for lithium-ion application. With contributions from renowned scientists and technologists, the chapters discuss state-of-the-art research on nanostructured anode and cathode materials, some already used in commercial batteries and others still in de
Download or read book Nanoscale Technology for Advanced Lithium Batteries written by Tetsuya Osaka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unfortunate and serious accident at the nuclear power plants in Fukushima, Japan caused by the earthquake and tsunami in March 2011 dealt Japan a serious blow. Japan was nearly deprived of electric power when in response to the accident all nuclear reactors in Japan were shut down. This shortage further accelerated the introduction of renewable energies. This book surveys the new materials and approaches needed to use nanotechnology to introduce the next generation of advanced lithium batteries, currently the most promising energy storage devices available. It provides an overview of nanotechnology for lithium batteries from basic to applied research in selected high technology areas. The book especially focuses on near-term and future advances in these fields. All contributors to this book are expert researchers on lithium batteries.
Download or read book Lithium Ion Batteries and Beyond written by K. Amine and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2015-07-29 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High Energy Density Cathode Active Materials for Lithium ion Batteries written by Mehmet Nurullah Ates and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind and hydroelectric power are increasingly being developed as essential energy alternatives to alleviate the deleterious effects of greenhouse gases in the globe. Large scale energy storage is an indispensable component of renewable energy sources and in this context, Li-ion batteries (LIBs), due to their high energy and power densities and long cycle life, have spurred great interest. Current Li-ion battery technology employs lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO2, or one of its congeners, in which some of the Co is substituted with Ni and/or Mn as cathode active material. The deficiencies of LiCoO2 include: i-) low capacity with only 0.5 mole of Li+ is being reversibly used in the battery leading to 140 mAh/g discharge capacity at low to medium rates, ii-) high cost, and iii-) environmental concerns arising from the harmful physiological effects of Co metal. In order to overcome these deficiencies of LiCoO2, Li-rich layered metal dioxides, also known as layered-layered lithiated metal oxide composite compound, formulated as xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMO2 (M=Mn, Ni or Co), have been proposed recently. This dissertation presents an account of investigations leading to advanced materials which overcome the deficiencies of this class of high energy density Li-ion battery cathodes. Chapter 1 discusses the fundamental aspects of generic battery systems and elaborates on the current state of the art of rechargeable Li batteries. Chapter 2 deals with the discovery of the material 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 (LLNC) that allowed us to conclude which segment of the lithium rich layered composite metal oxide is responsible for structural transformation from the layered to spinel phase during charge/discharge cycling. The crystal structure and electrochemistry of this new cathode active material in Li cells have been compared to that of 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2 (LLNMC). In LLNC, the removal of Mn from the LiMO2 (M=transition metal) segment allowed us to determine the identity of the manganese oxide moiety in it that triggers the layered to spinel conversion during cycling. The new material LLNC resists the layered to spinel structural transformation under conditions in which LLNMC does. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that both compounds, synthesized as approximately 300 nm crystals, have identical super lattice ordering attributed to Li2MnO3 existence. Using X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopy we elucidated the oxidation states of the K edges of Ni and Mn in the two materials with respect to different charge and discharge states. The XAS data along with electrochemical results revealed that Mn atoms are not present in the LiMO2 structural segment in LLNC. Electrochemical cycling data from Li cells further revealed that the absence of Mn in the LiMO2 segment significantly improves the rate capabilities of LLNC with good capacity maintenance during long term cycling. Removing the Mn from the LiMO2 segment of lithium rich layered metal oxides appears to be a holistic strategy for improving the structural robustness and rate capabilities of these high capacity cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Chapter 3 examines the effect of alkali ion doping (Na+) into the cathode material of the composition 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2 (LLNMC). The 5 wt. % Na doped material, formulated as 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7Li0.97Na0.03Mn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2, was compared to its counterpart without Na doping. The discharge rate capability of the LLNMC was greatly improved at both room temperature and 50 0C with the Na doping. The Na doped material exhibited significantly higher electronic conductivity than its un-doped analog as evidenced by dc electronic conductivity data and AC impedance of Li cells. Charge/discharge cycling results of Li cells containing these cathode materials at 50 0C indicated that the voltage decay of LLNMC, accompanied by a layer to spinel structural conversion, was mitigated with Na doping. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that ionic exchange of Na occurs upon contact of the cathode material with the electrolyte and produces a volume expansion of the crystal lattice which triggers a favorable metal (probably Ni) migration to Li depleted regions during electrochemical oxidation of Li2MnO3 in the first charge. X-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES) data showed that Na doped NMC has better Ni reduction efficiency to provide higher rate capability. Extended X-ray absorption fine spectra (EXAFS) data supported this conclusion by showing that in the case of Na doped LLNMC, the structure has a larger crystal cage allowing for better metal migration into the Li depleted regions located in the layered unit cell of C2/m space group. XANES of Mn K-edge supported by pre-edge analysis also revealed that during charging of the electrode, the Na doped NMC was oxidized to a higher Mn valence state compared to its undoped counterpart. The results of a comprehensive electrochemical and structural investigations of a wide range of lithium rich layered metal oxide cathode active materials, xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMnaNibCocO2 (where x, a, b and c vary) are reported in Chapter 4. In order to identify the cathode material having the optimum Li cell performance we first varied the ratio between Li2MnO3 and LiMO2 segments of the composite oxides while maintaining the same metal ratio residing within their LiMO2 segments. The materials with the overall composition 0.5Li2MnO3.0.5LiMO2 containing 0.5 mole of Li2MnO3 per mole of the composite metal oxide were found to be the optimum in terms of electrochemical performance. The electrochemical properties of these materials were further tuned by changing the relative amounts of Mn, Ni and Co in the LiMO2 segment to produce xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMn0.50Ni0.35Co0.15O2 with enhanced capacities and rate capabilities. The rate capability of the lithium rich compound in which x=0.3 was further increased by preparing electrodes with about 2 weight-percent multiwall carbon nanotube in the electrode. Lithium cells prepared with such electrodes were cycled at the 4C rate with little fade in capacity for over one hundred cycles. In Chapter 5, the results of a new synthesis technique, called self-ignition combustion (SIC), that dramatically enhanced the rate capabilities of a lithium rich layered metal oxide compound we prepared are discussed. In this chapter, we report a high rate Li-rich layered manganese nickel cobalt (MNC) cathode material of the composition 0.5Li2MnO3.0.5LiMn0.5Ni0.35Co 0.15O2, termed SIC-MNC cathode material for Li-ion batteries with discharge capacities of 200, 250, and 290 mAh/g at C, C/4 and C/20 rates, respectively. This high rate discharge performance combined with little capacity fade during long term cycling is unprecedented for this class of Li-ion cathode materials. The exceptional electrochemistry of the Li-rich SIC-MNC in Li-ion cells is attributed to its open porous morphology and high electronic conductivity. The structure of the material investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with electrochemical data revealed that the porous morphology was effective in allowing electrolyte penetration through the particle grains to provide high Li+ transport in tandem with high electronic conductivity for high rate discharge. Extended cycling behavior and structural phase transition of the new material were further examined through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), XRD, XAS and HRTEM. The new SIC-MNC cathode represents the long sought after next generation cathode material for Li-ion batteries with pecific energy exceeding 400 Wh/kg or energy density over 1000 Wh/l. The conclusion and future directions are presented in Chapter 6.
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Lithium Secondary Batteries written by Jung-Ki Park and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium secondary batteries have been key to mobile electronics since 1990. Large-format batteries typically for electric vehicles and energy storage systems are attracting much attention due to current energy and environmental issues. Lithium batteries are expected to play a central role in boosting green technologies. Therefore, a large number of scientists and engineers are carrying out research and development on lithium secondary batteries. The book is written in a straightforward fashion suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scientists, and engineers starting out in the field. The chapters in this book have been thoroughly edited by a collective of experts to achieve a cohesive book with a consistent style, level, and philosophy. They cover a wide range of topics, including principles and technologies of key materials such as the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator. Battery technologies such as design, manufacturing processes, and evaluation methods as well as applications are addressed. In addition, analytical methods for determining electrochemical and other properties of batteries are also included. Hence, this book is a must-have for everyone interested in obtaining all the basic information on lithium secondary batteries.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources written by Jürgen Garche and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-05-20 with total page 4532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Electrochemical Power Sources is a truly interdisciplinary reference for those working with batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, supercapacitors, and photo-electrochemical cells. With a focus on the environmental and economic impact of electrochemical power sources, this five-volume work consolidates coverage of the field and serves as an entry point to the literature for professionals and students alike. Covers the main types of power sources, including their operating principles, systems, materials, and applications Serves as a primary source of information for electrochemists, materials scientists, energy technologists, and engineers Incorporates nearly 350 articles, with timely coverage of such topics as environmental and sustainability considerations
