Download or read book Liquefied Natural Gas Developing and Financing International Energy Projects written by Gerald Greenwald and published by Springer. This book was released on 1998-10-30 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas written by Saeid Mokhatab and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a commercially attractive phase of the commodity that facilitates the efficient handling and transportation of natural gas around the world. The LNG industry, using technologies proven over decades of development, continues to expand its markets, diversify its supply chains and increase its share of the global natural gas trade. The Handbook of Liquefied Natural Gas is a timely book as the industry is currently developing new large sources of supply and the technologies have evolved in recent years to enable offshore infrastructure to develop and handle resources in more remote and harsher environments. It is the only book of its kind, covering the many aspects of the LNG supply chain from liquefaction to regasification by addressing the LNG industries' fundamentals and markets, as well as detailed engineering and design principles. A unique, well-documented, and forward-thinking work, this reference book provides an ideal platform for scientists, engineers, and other professionals involved in the LNG industry to gain a better understanding of the key basic and advanced topics relevant to LNG projects in operation and/or in planning and development. - Highlights the developments in the natural gas liquefaction industries and the challenges in meeting environmental regulations - Provides guidelines in utilizing the full potential of LNG assets - Offers advices on LNG plant design and operation based on proven practices and design experience - Emphasizes technology selection and innovation with focus on a "fit-for-purpose design - Updates code and regulation, safety, and security requirements for LNG applications

Download or read book Financing of LNG Projects in Developing Countries and the Role of the World Bank written by Michael Levitsky and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future quantities of capital required by the LNG industry will be very large. However, the continued rapid development of the industry is justified by the economic and environmental benefits of increased natural gas use. It is likely that the World Bank will eontinue to play a modest absolute role in supplying capital to the industry. The Bank can, however, play a crucial role in assisting governments in formulating appropriate energy policies and project development strategies and thereby creating the right policy and financial climate. The Bank can also provide a relatively modest amount of financial backing to projects, which nonetheless can help to generate larger volumes of finance from other sources. In the long run, LNG projects which are well structured and which operate within an appropriate policy environment should succeed in attracting financing even in today's more competitive environment. [Authors' abstract].

Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of Natural Gas and Global Energy Transitions written by Damilola S. Olawuyi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-04 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Palgrave Handbook of Natural Gas and Global Energy Transitions provides an in-depth and authoritative examination of the transformative implications of the ongoing global energy transitions for natural gas markets across the world. With case studies from Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, Latin America, South America, Australia, and the Middle East, the volume introduces readers to the latest legal, policy, technological, and fiscal innovations in natural gas markets in response to ongoing global energy transitions. It outlines the risk mitigation strategies and contractual techniques — focusing on resilience planning, low-carbon business models, green procurement, climate-smart infrastructure development, accountability, gender justice, and other sustainability safeguards — that are required to maximize the full value of natural gas as a catalyst for a just and equitable energy transition and for energy security across the world. Written in an accessible style, this book outlines the guiding principles for a responsible and low-carbon approach to the design, financing, and implementation of natural gas development and commercialization. It is an indispensable text and reference work for students, scholars, practitioners, and stakeholders in natural gas, energy, infrastructure, and environmental investments and projects.

Download or read book Liquefied Natural Gas in China written by Dean Girdis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A report on key issues and options relating to the development of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in China. The objectives of the study were to examine the projected market for gas and to review the mechanisms and structures necessary to support the introduction of gas.

Download or read book Financing Solutions to Reduce Natural Gas Flaring and Methane Emissions written by Gianni Lorenzato and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-05-20 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global oil and gas emissions fell to historic lows in 2020 as a result of the decline in global demand associated with the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic. Data released by the International Energy Agency suggest that CO2 emissions are on the rise as energy demands increase after the pandemic. Whether emissions will rebound to precrisis levels largely depends on governments’ emphasis on clean energy transition in their efforts to reboot economic growth. In 2019, direct and indirect emissions from the oil and gas sector represented about 15 percent of the global energy sector’s greenhouse gas emissions. More than half of these emissions came from flaring and methane released during oil and gas operations. This book aims to create awareness of the business case for reducing gas flaring and methane emissions. It provides a framework for policy makers to evaluate the feasibility and financial attractiveness of flaring and methane reduction (FMR) projects, analyzes investment barriers, and identifies key variables and success factors, backed by lessons learned from case studies. Simplified financial modeling templates are suggested to help policy makers to assess FMR options. The book focuses on midsized flares that collectively represent 58 percent of the global flare volumes. These flares are typically too small to be prioritized by oil companies but still allow for profitable monetization. Smaller FMR projects are unlikely to be economically viable, unless clustered in larger projects or propelled by an enabling and compulsory regulatory framework. Large-scale capture projects require tailored projects, large ancillary infrastructure, government planning, and capital injections costing hundreds of millions of dollars. Although potentially attractive in terms of equity returns to developers, midsized flares face various barriers to the financing and execution of FMR solutions. Navigating these barriers requires project developers with specific FMR expertise, as highlighted through six detailed case studies discussed in this book.

Download or read book Developing China s Natural Gas Market written by International Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by an increasing recognition of the many advantages of natural gas and by the need to diversify its coal-dominated energy supply, China's natural gas industry is poised for rapid expansion. Some major gas infrastructure projects have been launched to support ambitious gas growth targets in the country for the next five years and beyond. Other countries within the IEA and outside, have faced similar challenges in developing their gas markets, but the challenges faced by China are far greater. Chinese gas reserves are relatively limited and are located far from the main centres of demand; cheap alternatives are available; there is a lack of related technology and skill; and knowledge of how best to develop markets is not widespread. This report attempts to address these challenges.

Download or read book Financial Risks and Rewards in LNG Projects written by Ulrich Bartsch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Technical Assistance to India for the Liquefied Natural Gas Terminal Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Natural Gas in Developing Countries written by John C. Gault and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Natural Gas in Developing Countries provides information pertinent to the utilization of natural gas in developing countries. This book examines the potential domestic uses of natural gas as well as its export possibilities. Organized into 13 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the policies that provide adequate incentives for gas development in order to maximize the availability of gas for domestic uses. This text then examines the worldwide demand and supply of natural gas. Other chapters consider the requirements for gas-trade projects, which consists of a substantial market in the importing region and a significant gas reserve in the exporting country. This book discusses as well the differences between oil and gas development in terms of cost, marketing, technology, and government regulation. The final chapter deals with the significant potential for natural gas. This book is a valuable resource for economists, engineers, and engineering consultants.

Download or read book Monetizing Natural Gas in the New New Deal Economy written by Michelle Michot Foss and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas markets have undergone momentous changes, worldwide. This book updates and expands on the dynamics, performance and forward path of expanding natural gas use in the US and worldwide, including international trade. It brings together major research themes and findings with recent updates and analysis of new trends and developments. It also explores many considerations for natural gas market development, such as the importance of infrastructure, transparent pricing, and institutional capacity. This book is unique in providing background on the full natural gas value chain as well as information and analysis that can foster scenario-building and decision-making. Of particular value are the lessons learned and demonstrated for those countries that aspire to build effective natural gas markets and to expand natural gas development and use.

Download or read book Natural Gas written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "With abundant underdeveloped reserves of natural gas, this resource has the potential to play a large role in meeting the world's growing energy demand." Natural gas competes with other resources for use in power generation. In addition, its other uses have increased dramatically. Since it offers substantial environmental advantages over other hydrocarbon fuels, governments and investors are considering natural gas. This volume examines a range of issues relating to gas sector reform and gas market development. It also examines the reform experience in an array of countries. The last section reviews some of the commercial issues faced in expanding the role of gas, such as, the challenges of developing and financing cross-border gas pipeline trade and the difficulties of attracting investors to projects involving countries with high credit and currency risks.

Download or read book Alternative Energy Futures The future of liquified natural gas imports written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Liquefied natural gas trade and Japan s energy industry written by Teruhisa Yoshimura and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas, which represents nearly half of the world's hydrocarbon reserves, provided 19.6 percent of the world's primary energy in 1984. Presently, about one-eighth of the natural gas produced in the world is internationally traded by pipelines or liquefied natural gas (LNG) systems. LNG systems include liquefying natural gas by cooling, transporting it with special tankers, and regasifying LNG. Since all of these, facilities are highly technical and thus capital-intensive, LNG systems have developed as natural gas transportation systems over long ocean distances, where constructing pipelines is difficult. Although the first international LNG trade began between Algeria and two European countries, Britain and France, the development of LNG trade in Western countries, including the United States, is not remarkable due to pricing and technological problems. On the other hand, Japan's LNG imports have grown smoothly and rapidly, representing 72.6 percent of world LNG trade in 1984. After beginning the first LNG imports from Alaska in 1969, Japan dramatically increased its LNG imports in the 1970's to meet stringent air pollution standards and to diversify its energy sources from Middle Eastern oil. To promote LNG imports, the Japanese government has provided financial support and general trading companies have played a significant role as promoters and organizers. The most notable feature of the Japanese LNG market is that about 75 percent of LNG is used for electricity generation, which is considered a wasteful use in Western countries. The Japanese electric power industry has significantly increased the use of nuclear power and LNG since the first oil crisis to diversify its energy sources from oil. On the other hand, the use of LNG by the city gas industry is relatively small. This is mainly because many small local gas companies have not introduced LNG due to the lack of a nationwide pipeline network. As for LNG source countries, Japan has tried to find its sources outside the Middle East. At present, as the world's largest LNG importer, Japan imports LNG from the United States (Alaska), Brunei, Abu Dhabi, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Among these countries, the status of Indonesia is prominent. Indonesian LNG represents more than 50 percent of the LNG Japan consumes. Moreover, out of nine Japanese LNG importers, six importers are totally dependent of this source. With respect to the future of Japan's LNG use, Japan plans to decrease LNG's share in its primary energy supply gradually, while the shares of nuclear power and coal are expected to increase steadily. A large initial investment, long lead time, and inflexible contract conditions in LNG projects have reduced the attractiveness of LNG for the Japanese energy industry. If the low oil prices last, Japan will assume a fairly severe attitude toward new LNG import projects. On the other hand, many potential LNG exporters still consider Japan to be their most likely customer. In 1989, the Australian LNG project is supposed to start its operation. In addition, the Soviet Union, the United States, Thailand, and Qatar hope to export LNG to the Japanese market in the 1990's. As a result, Japan may possibly face an LNG oversupply problem in the future. To cope with this situation, the Japanese energy industry has already begun various efforts, including postponenemt of the start of a new LNG project, relaxation of contract conditions of LNG trade, and negotiation for reducing high LNG prices.

Download or read book The Future of Liquified Natural Gas in a Decarbonising World written by Omran Al-Kuwari and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2024-12-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the role of liquified natural gas in a decarbonising world, and presents the most significant energy transition options and implications for the liquified natural gas industry. Major investments and developments in technology have been made in recent years in an attempt to meet global demand, but energy systems require radical new pathways to meet climate goals in line with the Paris Agreement. This book explores the role of liquified natural gas in the context of the global energy transition, arguing that liquified natural gas has a role to play in terms of resources, the gas market, energy transition dynamics/regime status, and geo-political powers. Using a bespoke meta-framework grounded in institutional theory and case studies, the book examines how institutional, political, and resource characteristics affect liquified natural gas use. The book also explores implications for liquified natural gas exporters in the context of the energy transition and analyses the characteristics of liquified natural gas compared with pipeline gas. The multiple case study approach examines the role of natural gas in Japan, the UK, and China, three countries in different stages of the energy transition, to determine potential pathways for exporters. Utilising a multi-method procedure for data collection, including data analysis, in-depth interviews, and direct observations, the book concludes with findings on the potential role of liquified natural gas in various future stages of the energy transition. Written by an industry expert, this book will be of value to students, researchers and academics interested in energy studies, decarbonisation studies and environmental studies more broadly.

Download or read book Sustainable Design and Manufacturing 2019 written by Peter Ball and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume consists of 52 peer-reviewed papers, presented at the International Conference on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing (SDM-19) held in Budapest, Hungary in July 2019. Leading-edge research into sustainable design and manufacturing aims to enable the manufacturing industry to grow by adopting more advanced technologies, and at the same time improve its sustainability by reducing its environmental impact. The topic includes the sustainable design of products and services; the sustainable manufacturing of all products; energy efficiency in manufacturing; innovation for eco-design; circular economy; industry 4.0; industrial metabolism; automotive and transportation systems. Application areas are wide and varied. The book will provide an excellent overview of the latest developments in the Sustainable Design and Manufacturing Area.

Download or read book China s Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition written by Shell International B.V. and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book is an encyclopaedic analysis of the current and future energy system of the world’s most populous country and second biggest economy. What happens in China impacts the planet. In the past 40 years China has achieved one of the most remarkable economic growth rates in history. Its GDP has risen by a factor of 65, enabling 850,000 people to rise out of poverty. Growth on this scale comes with consequences. China is the world’s biggest consumer of primary energy and the world’s biggest emitter of CO2 emissions. Creating a prosperous and harmonious society that delivers economic growth and a high quality of life for all will require radical change in the energy sector, and a rewiring of the economy more widely. In China’s Energy Revolution in the Context of the Global Energy Transition, a team of researchers from the Development Research Center of the State Council of China and Shell International examine how China can revolutionise its supply and use of energy. They examine the entire energy system: coal, oil, gas, nuclear, renewables and new energies in production, conversion, distribution and consumption. They compare China with case studies and lessons learned in other countries. They ask which technology, policy and market mechanisms are required to support the change and they explore how international cooperation can smooth the way to an energy revolution in China and across the world. And, they create and compare scenarios on possible pathways to a future energy system that is low-carbon, affordable, secure and reliable.