Download or read book Lipases and Phospholipases in Drug Development written by Günter Müller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipases and Phospholipases are key control elements in mammalian metabolism. They share many common features that set them apart from other metabolic enzyme classes, most importantly their association with biological membranes. Their potential as drug targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases is widely recognized, and the first lipase inhibitor drugs have been successfully introduced. Providing drug developers with a firm foundation for lipase-centered drug design, the editors of this volume have assembled experts from different scientific disciplines to create a comprehensive handbook for all pharmaceutical chemists, biochemists and physiologists working with lipases. The authors examine fundamental aspects of lipase function in vitro and in vivo, explaining how this knowledge may be used to develop lipase assays. They also treat the physiological roles of lipases in normal and disordered metabolism, as well as strategies to target lipases for the treatment of diabetes, obesity and related disorders. Additional topics include the application of phospholipases for liposome-based drug delivery and their use as diagnostic tools.
Download or read book Lipase and Phospholipase Protocols written by Mark Doolittle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lipases and phospholipases represent a diverse group of enzymes that are expressed in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Their ubiquitous distribution among all species is a testament to the essential roles played by these enzymes in lipid storage, mobilization and metabolism, membrane homeostasis and remodeling, endocrine and immune functions, and signal tra- duction. In humans, lipases and phospholipases are also thought to contribute to complex diseases, such as atherosclerosis, obesity, arthritis, and cancer, as well as to single gene defects, such as Wolman's disease and Type I hyperlipoproteinemia. Enzymatically, the lipases are unique, since they hydrolyze substrates that are either insoluble, or only partly soluble, in aq- ous solvents; thus, enzyme catalysis takes place at a lipid-water interface. The interface comprises at least two, and often more, discrete bulk and s- face phases, in which the enzyme, substrate, and products oflipolysis disperse among these phases based on their physical properties. Furthermore, the d- tribution of these components changes continuously as lipolysis proceeds. Thus, the lipases and phospholipases are fundamentally different from any other enzyme because of the physical complexity of the environment in which catalysis occurs.
Download or read book Esterases Lipases and Phospholipases written by M.I. Mackness and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-06 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO-Advanced Research Workshop "Esterases, Lipases and Phospholipases: From Structure to Clinical Significance" was held at the University of Bordeaux II, France from 22nd- 24th September 1993 under the Directorship of Professor Michel Clerc of the University of Bordeaux II. The meeting was organised by Hugues Chap (INSERM U 326, Toulouse, France), Georges Ferard (University of Strasbourg, France), Wolfgang Junge (University of Kiel, Germany) and Michael Mackness (University of Manchester, UK). In recent years it has become increasingly apparent that hydrolytic enzymes of the esterase, lipase and phospholipase type play central roles in the pathophysiology of many human diseases. The purpose of this NATO-ARW was to bring together experts (both clinical and scientific) in all three interrelated fields to review the current basic and clinical position and discuss future developments particularly with respect to future research aimed at determining the basic biochemical lesion involving hydrolytic enzymes involved in human disease and the use of these enzymes in diagnosis. As well as formal lectures from established researchers, the meeting also involved a number of lively round-table discussions on future developments and presentations from younger research workers, all of which are recorded in this Proceedings and which contribute to the success of the meeting.
Download or read book Lipases and Phospholipases written by Georgina Sandoval and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2016-05-01 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details fundamental issues and new applications of lipases and phospholipases. It provides step-by-step detail essential for reproducible results and contains key notes and implementation advice from the experts."
Download or read book Unique Sequence Signatures in Plant Lipolytic Enzymes Emerging Research and Opportunities written by Ben Halima, Nihed and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipids are biomolecules that constitute a significant amount of biomass in the earth, and plant lipids are rapidly growing in interest due to their roles in improving food technology, medicine, nutrition, and biotechnology. With recent advances in protein chemistry, biochemistry, and enzymology promoting research on lipolytic enzymes, it is important for research to address the mechanisms of such enzymes and their diverse functions. Unique Sequence Signatures in Plant Lipolytic Enzymes: Emerging Research and Opportunities provides innovative insights into the biochemistry of plant lipases and phospholipases as well as their structures and catalytic mechanisms. The book explores the conserved domains and motifs of plant lipolytic enzymes by identifying the main residues involved in the catalysis in the enzymes and the phylogeny of important plant lipolytic enzymes, as well as calculating the evolutionary distance in those enzymes. Organized into six chapters, it is a vital reference source for researchers, chemists, biologists, academicians, practitioners, medical professionals, engineers, and graduate students.
Download or read book Phospholipases in Health and Disease written by Paramjit S. Tappia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-13 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phospholipases generate lipid signaling molecules through their hydrolytic action on phospholipids and are known to regulate function of a variety of cells under normal and diseased conditions. While several physiological, biochemical and molecular techniques have identified key players involved in different disease processes, phospholipases have also emerged as critical players in the pathogenesis of a number of different diseases including cancer and heart disease. In addition, phospholipases are also implicated in such conditions as brain disorder/injury, kidney and immune cell dysfunction. Phospholipases in Health and Disease is a compilation of review articles dedicated to the study of the field with respect to biochemical and molecular mechanisms of normal and abnormal cell function. The wide range of area covered here is of interest to basic research scientists, clinicians and graduate students, who are engaged in studying pathophysiological basis of a variety of diseases. Furthermore, this book highlights the potential of the different phospholipases as therapeutic targets as well as part of prevention strategies. Twenty three articles in this book are organized in four sections that are designed to emphasize the most characterized forms of the phospholipases in mammalian cells. The first section discusses general aspect of phospholipases. Section two covers the role and function of phospholipase A in different pathophysiological conditions. The third section is focussed on phospholipase C which is believed to play a central role in transmembrane signaling. The final section covers phospholipase D which is present in a variety of different cells. The book illustrates that the activation of phospholipases is of fundamental importance in signal transduction affecting cell function. Overall, this book discusses the diverse mechanisms of phospholipase mediated signal transduction in different pathophysiological conditions and raises the possibility of specific forms of phospholipases serving as novel targets for drug development.
Download or read book Evaluation of Enzyme Inhibitors in Drug Discovery written by Robert A. Copeland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-04-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vital information for discovering and optimizing new drugs "Understanding the data and the experimental details that support it has always been at the heart of good science and the assumption challenging process that leads from good science to drug discovery. This book helps medicinal chemists and pharmacologists to do exactly that in the realm of enzyme inhibitors." -Paul S. Anderson, PhD This publication provides readers with a thorough understanding of enzyme-inhibitor evaluation to assist them in their efforts to discover and optimize novel drug therapies. Key topics such as competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive inhibition, slow binding, tight binding, and the use of Hill coefficients to study reaction stoichiometry are all presented. Examples of key concepts are presented with an emphasis on clinical relevance and practical applications. Targeted to medicinal chemists and pharmacologists, Evaluation of Enzyme Inhibitors in Drug Discovery focuses on the questions that they need to address: * What opportunities for inhibitor interactions with enzyme targets arise from consideration of the catalytic reaction mechanism? * How are inhibitors evaluated for potency, selectivity, and mode of action? * What are the advantages and disadvantages of specific inhibition modalities with respect to efficacy in vivo? * What information do medicinal chemists and pharmacologists need from their biochemistry and enzymology colleagues to effectively pursue lead optimization? Beginning with a discussion of the advantages of enzymes as targets for drug discovery, the publication then explores the reaction mechanisms of enzyme catalysis and the types of interactions that can occur between enzymes and inhibitory molecules that lend themselves to therapeutic use. Next are discussions of mechanistic issues that must be considered when designing enzyme assays for compound library screening and for lead optimization efforts. Finally, the publication delves into special forms of inhibition that are commonly encountered in drug discovery efforts, but can be easily overlooked or misinterpreted. This publication is designed to provide students with a solid foundation in enzymology and its role in drug discovery. Medicinal chemists and pharmacologists can refer to individual chapters as specific issues arise during the course of their ongoing drug discovery efforts.
Download or read book Drug Discovery and Evaluation Pharmacological Assays written by Hans Vogel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-30 with total page 2118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this successful reference offers both cutting-edge and classic pharmacological methods. Thoroughly revised and expanded to two volumes, it offers an updated selection of the most frequently used assays for reliably detecting the pharmacological effects of potential drugs. Every chapter has been updated, and numerous assays have been added. Each of the more than 1,000 assays comprises a detailed protocol outlining purpose and rationale, and a critical assessment of the results and their pharmacological and clinical relevance.
Download or read book Industrial Enzymes written by Julio Polaina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-16 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in genetic engineering and protein chemistry are bringing ever more powerful means of analysis to bear on the study of enzyme structure. This volume reviews the most important types of industrial enzymes. In a balanced manner it covers three interrelated aspects of paramount importance for enzyme performance: three-dimensional protein structure, physicochemical and catalytic properties, and the range of both classical and novel applications.
Download or read book Formulating Poorly Water Soluble Drugs written by Robert O. Williams III and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this volume is to consolidate within a single text the most current knowledge, practical methods, and regulatory considerations pertaining to formulations development with poorly water-soluble molecules. A pharmaceutical scientist’s approach toward solubility enhancement of a poorly water-soluble molecule typically includes detailed characterization of the compound’s physiochemical properties, solid-state modifications, advanced formulation design, non-conventional process technologies, advanced analytical characterization, and specialized product performance analysis techniques. The scientist must also be aware of the unique regulatory considerations pertaining to the non-conventional approaches often utilized for poorly water-soluble drugs. One faced with the challenge of developing a drug product from a poorly soluble compound must possess at minimum a working knowledge of each of the abovementioned facets and detailed knowledge of most. In light of the magnitude of the growing solubility problem to drug development, this is a significant burden especially when considering that knowledge in most of these areas is relatively new and continues to develop
Download or read book Bioaccessibility and Digestibility of Lipids from Food written by Myriam M.-L. Grundy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-19 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The structure of a food influences the way it is transformed during processing and digestion. This in turn has an impact on nutrient bioaccessibility (release) and digestibility, and subsequently on the physiological response and health of the individual who consumes that food. Although evidence exists on the health benefits associated with the inclusion of certain lipid-rich foods (e.g. nuts, dairy products and fish) in the diet, the mechanisms that explain the physiological effects and the long-term benefits are not well understood. Lipids in themselves have many beneficial health effects: they are a source of energy and essential fatty acids, they are structural components of cell membranes, they are required to solubilise fat soluble compounds, and they serve as precursors of hormones. In addition, the overall structure of the food containing the lipids plays a crucial role in determining health benefits, notably by influencing lipid bioaccessibility and digestibility. Bioaccessibility and digestibility of lipids from food uniquely focuses on the physico-chemical properties of lipids and lipid rich food, as well as the subsequent effects on human health. Chapters from experts in food digestion examine food structure at both the macro- and micro- levels, covering lipids from plant and animal food products. The editors have developed the book for dietitians, nutritionists, and food scientists. Clinicians and other health professionals, educators in nutrition, and others working in the food industry will also find the material relevant.
Download or read book The Comprehensive Sourcebook of Bacterial Protein Toxins written by Joseph E. Alouf and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the major achievements and discoveries relevant to bacterial protein toxins since the turn of the new century illustrated by the discovery of more than fifty novel toxins (many of them identified through genome screening). The establishment of the three-dimensional crystal structure of more than 20 toxins during the same period offers deeper knowledge of structure-activity relationships and provides a framework to understand how toxins recognize receptors, penetrate membranes and interact with and modify intracellular substrates. Edited by two of the most highly regarded experts in the field from the Institut Pasteur, France 14 brand new chapters dedicated to coverage of historical and general aspects of toxinology Includes the major toxins of both basic and clinical interest are described in depth Details applied aspects of toxins such as therapy, vaccinology, and toolkits in cell biology Evolutionary and functional aspects of bacterial toxins evaluated and summarized Toxin applications in cell biology presented Therapy (cancer therapy, dystonias) discussed Vaccines (native and genetically engineered vaccines) featured Toxins discussed as biological weapons, comprising chapters on anthrax, diphtheria, ricin etc.
Download or read book Plant Lipid Metabolism written by J.C. Kader and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers that comprehensively describe the major areas of research on lipid metabolism of plants. State-of-the-art knowledge about research on fatty acid and glycerolipid biosynthesis, isoprenoid metabolism, membrane structure and organization, lipid oxidation and degradation, lipids as intracellular and extracellular messengers, lipids and environment, oil seeds and gene technology is reviewed. The different topics covered show that modern tools of plant cellular and molecular biology, as well as molecular genetics, have been recently used to characterize several key enzymes of plant lipid metabolism (in particular, desaturases, thioesterases, fatty acid synthetase) and to isolate corresponding cDNAs and genomic clones, allowing the use of genetic engineering methods to modify the composition of membranes or storage lipids. These findings open fascinating perspectives, both for establishing the roles of lipids in membrane function and intracellular signalling and for adapting the composition of seed oil to the industrial needs. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists, advanced students and industrialists wishing to follow the considerable progress made in recent years on plant lipid metabolism and to envision the new opportunities offered by genetic engineering for the development of novel oil seeds.
Download or read book Recent Developments in Plant Biotechnology written by Nihed Ben Halima and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores advances in plant biotechnology, and focuses on the use of lipids and proteins extracted from different kinds of plants tissues in potential industrial applications. In fact, lipidomics and proteomics refer to the advancement of technologies, such as chromatography and mass spectrometry, to study lipids and proteins. As such, the book discusses an important emerging field of research concerning the use of different plants to produce compounds with high value. As such, it will appeal to readers with an interest in medical, biochemical, and biotechnological disciplines.
Download or read book Nitric Oxide Donors written by Peng George Wang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-16 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitric oxide is a highly potent regulatory molecule with great pharmaceutical potential. This handbook fills a real gap in combining the chemistry of nitric oxide releasing substances with their practical applications in biology and drug design. It covers all classes of nitric oxide donors, from organic nitrates to nitroso compounds, guanidines and metal-NO complexes. In addition to a detailed treatment of the chemistry of NO donors, numerous examples of successful diagnostic and pharmacological applications are discussed, as well as further therapeutic targets for these substances.
Download or read book Fungal Metabolites written by Jean-Michel Mérillon and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aminoglycoside Antibiotics written by Dev P. Arya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-29 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances that open new avenues in developing aminoglycoside antibiotics During the last twenty years, there have been numerous advances in the understanding of the chemistry, biochemistry, and recognition of aminoglycosides. This has led to the development of novel antibiotics and opened up new therapeutic targets for intervention. This is the first book to provide a complete overview of recent advances in the field and explore their tremendous potential for drug discovery and rational drug design. With chapters written by one or more leading experts in their specialty areas, the book addresses the chemistry, biology, and toxicology of aminoglycosides. Aminoglycoside Antibiotics: From Chemical Biology to Drug Discovery is a great resource for academic and industrial researchers in drug design and mechanism studies and for researchers studying antibiotic resistance, antibiotic design and synthesis, and the discovery of novel pharmaceuticals. It is also a valuable reference for graduate students in pharmacy, pharmaceutical science, biophysics, medicinal chemistry, and chemical biology.
