Download or read book Links Between Beliefs and Cognitive Flexibility written by Jan Elen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-20 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the world and its structures becoming ever more complex, and the nature of future employment becoming ever more unpredictable, the notion of ‘cognitive flexibility’ has a high profile in educational and psychological debate. The contributions in this volume analyze the nature of cognitive flexibility, as well as the impact of different types of beliefs on cognitive flexibility. Making adequate decisions requires considering input from a variety of continuously evolving sources rather than adhering to predetermined procedures. Adopting a position in a debate necessitates the critical evaluation of different alternatives, while solving a problem entails selecting appropriate problem-solving strategies. Meanwhile, studying requires students to integrate a range of interventions, and treating a patient involves making a differential diagnosis. The common factor, cognitive flexibility, lies at the core of effective functioning in complex, domain-specific environments. Cognitive flexibility can be described as the disposition to consider diverse information elements while deciding on how to solve a problem or to execute a learning-related task in a variety of domains. The concept of ‘disposition’ implies that individuals will not always demonstrate cognitive flexibility even if they are in principle able to act in a cognitively flexible way. The notion does not require that alternatives are always deliberately considered, which is why this volume’s tandem discussion of beliefs is key element of the discussion. Beliefs play a central role in cognitive flexibility and relate to what individuals consider to be important, valid and/or true. Of specific interest is the relationship between epistemological beliefs and cognitive flexibility, especially as a particular subset of epistemological beliefs seems to be a prerequisite to a cognitively flexible disposition.

Download or read book Information Literacy in a Post Truth Era written by Serap Kurbanoğlu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-05 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Information Literacy, ECIL 2021, held in online mode in September 2021. The 61 revised papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The papers are organized in the topical sections on ​information literacy in a post-truth era and news literacy; health literacy; data literacy; digital literacy and digital empowerment; other literacies; information literacy in different contexts; information literacy education in different sectors; information literacy instruction; assessment and evaluation of information literacy; academic integrity, plagiarism and digital piracy; information behaviour; information literacy, libraries and librarians; information literacy in different cultures and countries; information literacy and democracy, citizenship, active participation.

Download or read book Epistemological Beliefs and Critical Thinking in Mathematics written by Benjamin Rott and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epistemological beliefs—i.e. beliefs on the nature of knowledge, its limits, sources, and justification—play an important role both in everyday life and in learning processes. This book comprises several studies dealing with such beliefs in the domain of mathematics; amongst others a qualitative interview study, and quantitative studies for which a new questionnaire has been developed. In this new instrument, belief position (e.g. “mathematical knowledge is certain” vs. “uncertain”) and belief argumentation (the way those positions are justified) are differentiated. Additionally, a test for mathematical critical thinking has been designed.The results show significant correlations between sophisticated belief argumentations and high scores in the critical thinking test, but no correlations regarding belief positions.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood written by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett and published by Oxford Library of Psychology. This book was released on 2016 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fifteen years ago, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett proposed emerging adulthood as a new life stage at ages 18-29, one distinct from both the adolescence that precedes it and the young adulthood that eventually follows. Rather than marrying and becoming parents in their early 20s, most people in developed countries now postpone these transitions until at least their late 20s, spending these years in self-focused explorations as they try out different possibilities in their education, careers, and relationships. Since Arnett proposed his theory of emerging adulthood in 2000, it has turned into a full-fledged academic field, and the ideas have been applied in practical areas as well, such as mental health and education. The Oxford Handbook of Emerging Adulthood brings together for the first time the wealth of theory and research that has developed in this new and burgeoning field. It includes chapters by many prominent scholars on a wide range of topics, such as brain development, relations with friends, relations with parents, expectations for marriage, sexual relationships, media use, substance use and abuse, and resilience. The chapters both summarize the existing research and point the way to new prospects for research in the years to come.

Download or read book Epistemic Fluency and Professional Education written by Lina Markauskaite and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-21 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, by combining sociocultural, material, cognitive and embodied perspectives on human knowing, offers a new and powerful conceptualisation of epistemic fluency – a capacity that underpins knowledgeable professional action and innovation. Using results from empirical studies of professional education programs, the book sheds light on practical ways in which the development of epistemic fluency can be recognised and supported - in higher education and in the transition to work. The book provides a broader and deeper conception of epistemic fluency than previously available in the literature. Epistemic fluency involves a set of capabilities that allow people to recognize and participate in different ways of knowing. Such people are adept at combining different kinds of specialised and context-dependent knowledge and at reconfiguring their work environment to see problems and solutions anew. In practical terms, the book addresses the following kinds of questions. What does it take to be a productive member of a multidisciplinary team working on a complex problem? What enables a person to integrate different types and fields of knowledge, indeed different ways of knowing, in order to make some well-founded decisions and take actions in the world? What personal knowledge resources are entailed in analysing a problem and describing an innovative solution, such that the innovation can be shared in an organization or professional community? How do people get better at these things; and how can teachers in higher education help students develop these valued capacities? The answers to these questions are central to a thorough understanding of what it means to become an effective knowledge worker and resourceful professional.

Download or read book International Handbook of Research on Teachers Beliefs written by Helenrose Fives and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-21 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Teacher beliefs play a fundamental role in the education landscape. Nevertheless, most educational researchers only allude to teacher beliefs as part of a study on other subjects. This book fills a necessary gap by identifying the importance of research on teacher beliefs and providing a comprehensive overview of the topic. It provides novices and experts alike a single volume with which to understand a complex research landscape. Including a review of the historical foundations of the field, this book identifies current research trends, and summarizes the current knowledge base regarding teachers’ specific beliefs about content, instruction, students, and learning. For its innumerable applications within the field, this handbook is a necessity for anyone interested in educational research.

Download or read book Cognitive Processes in Individual and Collective Creativity A Cross Cultural Perspective written by Chang Liu and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creativity, the highest level of human wisdom, has become an increasingly important concept in different fields of psychological enquiry, particularly because it is portrayed as contributing to many aspects of society, including personal development, economic prosperity and technological advancement. However, although considerable research attention from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds has focused on trying to understand creativity, the specific nature of creativity, its theoretical underpinnings and cognitive mechanisms, remain unclear, not least when it comes to the understanding of creativity at the individual level and creativity at the collective level. On the one hand, there are crucial distinctions between individual and collective creativity. On the other hand, the process of being creative involves not only independent or individual efforts but also interdependent or collective efforts. Understanding these differences and interrelationships is crucially important in studies of creativity. In this Research Topic, we bring together research from a wide variety of cognitive and psychological approaches and perspectives in order to provide a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of creativity at both the individual and collective levels. Furthermore, cognitive mechanisms in the creativity process are unavoidably affected by sociocultural factors and these mechanisms look different across cultures, particularly between Eastern cultures and Western cultures, two worlds that often imply dramatically dissimilar values and perspectives. Despite the fact that many studies have compared and contrasted these two cultures in various respects, little research has focused on the specific topic of cultural variation in creative cognition. In addition, very few studies have examined the differences in the cognitive mechanisms underpinning the cultural variations that can be observed at a surface level. This Research Topic aims to fill this gap in the literature and examine the cognitive processes and mechanisms in the creativity process at both individual and collective levels across different cultures by using theoretical and empirical evidence.

Download or read book Handbook of Epistemic Cognition written by Jeffrey A. Greene and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Epistemic Cognition brings together leading work from across disciplines, to provide a comprehensive overview of an increasingly important topic: how people acquire, understand, justify, change, and use knowledge in formal and informal contexts. Research into inquiry, understanding, and discovery within academic disciplines has progressed from general models of conceptual change to a focus upon the learning trajectories that lead to expert-like conceptualizations, skills, and performance. Outside of academic domains, issues of who and what to believe, and how to integrate multiple sources of information into coherent and useful knowledge, have arisen as primary challenges of the 21st century. In six sections, scholars write within and across fields to focus and advance the role of epistemic cognition in education. With special attention to how researchers across disciplines can communicate and collaborate more effectively, this book will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in the future of knowledge and knowing. Dr. Jeffrey A. Greene is an associate professor of Learning Sciences and Psychological Studies in the School of Education at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Dr. William A. Sandoval is a professor in the division of Urban Schooling at the UCLA Graduate School of Education & Information Studies. Dr. Ivar Bråten is a professor of Educational Psychology at the Faculty of Educational Sciences at the University of Oslo, Norway.

Download or read book Views and Beliefs in Mathematics Education written by Carola Bernack-Schüler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-05 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International mathematics education researchers give a differentiated overview of views and beliefs of both teachers and students. Beliefs about how to teach mathematics have a high impact on the instructional practice of teachers. In the same way, views and beliefs about mathematics are an essential factor to explain achievement and performance of students. The 19th MAVI conference added a variety of research perspectives to the international discussions of mathematics related beliefs. The authors of this volume have compiled a rich selection of research results, which may further enhance the discussion of MAVI topics in the future.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference FTC 2023 Volume 4 written by Kohei Arai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-14 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of thoroughly well-researched studies presented at the Eighth Future Technologies Conference. This annual conference aims to seek submissions from the wide arena of studies like Computing, Communication, Machine Vision, Artificial Intelligence, Ambient Intelligence, Security, and e-Learning. With an impressive 490 paper submissions, FTC emerged as a hybrid event of unparalleled success, where visionary minds explored groundbreaking solutions to the most pressing challenges across diverse fields. These groundbreaking findings open a window for vital conversation on information technologies in our community especially to foster future collaboration with one another. We hope that the readers find this book interesting and inspiring and render their enthusiastic support toward it.

Download or read book Cognitive Flexibility Or Moral Commitment written by Silvia Saccardo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do people anticipate the conditions that enable them to manipulate their beliefs when confronted with unpleasant information? We investigate whether individuals seek out the "cognitive flexibility" needed to distort beliefs in self-serving ways, or instead attempt to constrain it, committing to unbiased judgment. Experiments with 6500 participants, including financial and legal professionals, show that preferences are heterogeneous: over 40% of advisors prefer flexibility, even if costly. Actively seeking flexibility does not preclude belief distortion. Individuals anticipate the effects of cognitive flexibility and their choice to pursue it responds to incentives, suggesting some sophistication about the cognitive constraints to belief distortion.

Download or read book Insights in Educational Psychology 2021 written by Douglas F. Kauffman and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Research Topic is part of the Insights in Psychology series. We are now entering the third decade of the 21st Century, and, especially in the last years, the achievements made by scientists have been exceptional, leading to major advancements in the fast-growing field of Psychology. Frontiers has organized a series of Research Topics to highlight the latest advancements in science in order to be at the forefront of science in different fields of research. This editorial initiative of particular relevance, led by Douglas Kauffman, Specialty Chief Editor of the section Educational Psychology, is focused on new insights, novel developments, current challenges, latest discoveries, recent advances and future perspectives in this field. Also, high-quality original research manuscripts on novel concepts, problems and approaches are welcomed.

Download or read book Handbook of Learning from Multiple Representations and Perspectives written by Peggy Van Meter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In and out of formal schooling, online and off, today’s learners must consume and integrate a level of information that is exponentially larger and delivered through a wider range of formats and viewpoints than ever before. The Handbook of Learning from Multiple Representations and Perspectives provides a path for understanding the cognitive, motivational, and socioemotional processes and skills necessary for learners across educational contexts to make sense of and use information sourced from varying inputs. Uniting research and theory from education, psychology, literacy, library sciences, media and technology, and more, this forward-thinking volume explores the common concerns, shared challenges, and thematic patterns in our capacity to make meaning in an information-rich society. Chapter 16 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/9780429443961.

Download or read book Anti intellectualism to Anti rationalism to Post truth Era written by Robert J. Thompson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anti-intellectualism to Anti-rationalism to Post-truth Era: The Challenges for Higher Education argues that emergence of the post-truth world is evidence that anti-intellectualism, long recognized as a characteristic of American culture, has morphed into anti-rationalism as a surging force in American society that threatens our collective commitment to rationality. A post-truth world, however, is not an immutable condition and cannot be accepted as the new norm. The author argues that American higher education take responsibility for combating anti-rationalism by promoting the development of student's personal attributes that constitute a rational mind-set and rationalist identity, such that they hold themselves accountable for commitments to seeking truth and the value of critical thought and reasoned discourse as defining element of their way of being in the world. Scholarship exists across many disciplines regarding anti-intellectualism and anti-rationalism in American society and the personal attributes that together constitute a rational mind-set, including an evaluativist personal epistemology, open-mindedness and conscientiousness, and a rationalist identity. The author brings the perspective of a psychologist to the analysis and synthesis of this scholarship and the implications for educational practices that are effective in promoting the development of student's rational mind-set and rationalist identity necessary to combat anti-rationalism and the post-truth world.

Download or read book The Relationship between Cognitive Biases and Psychosis Searching for Mechanisms written by Łukasz Gawęda and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-02 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analyzing the Range Barrier to Electric Vehicle Adoption written by Matthias Eisel and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although electric vehicles (EVs) are theoretically capable of emissions-free driving, their market penetration is still pending, which is reflected in their low sales numbers. This is mainly due to three major barriers to the widespread adoption of these vehicles, with one of them being their limited average driving distance. Although the limited range of these cars would theoretically be sufficient to match the usage patterns of most drivers, they are generally unwilling to accept it. In this regard, users often report serious concerns about not reaching their planned destinations due to battery depletion, which is commonly referred to as range anxiety. Within this cumulative dissertation, four research questions were derived, aiming to investigate measures that mitigate range anxiety and thus positively affect the attitude toward using EVs. To answer these research questions, six studies were conducted. The insights gained from analyzing the data provide researchers with an in-depth knowledge for investigating the influence of information systems on range anxiety. In addition, practitioners find decision support for addressing the phenomenon of range anxiety in implementing and designing information systems.

Download or read book Global Migration Diversity and Civic Education written by James A. Banks and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass migration and globalization are creating new and deep challenges to education systems the world over. In this volume, some of the world’s leading researchers in multicultural education and immigration discuss critical issues related to cultural sustainability, structural inclusion, and social cohesion. The authors consider how global migration is forcing nation-states to reexamine and reinvent the ways in which they socialize and educate diverse groups for citizenship and civic engagement. These chapters also address how schools can help migrant and immigrant groups attain the knowledge, values, and skills required to become fully participating citizens, while retaining important aspects of their home, community, languages, and culture. Case studies from the United States and Israel are used to illustrate how these concepts are manifested in two immigrant nations. Contributors: Tali Aderet-German, Ayman K. Agbaria, James A. Banks, Zvi Bekerman, Miriam Ben-Peretz, Amy K. Marks, Minas Michikyan, John P. Myers, Sonia Nieto, Carola Suárez-Orozco, Marcelo M. Suárez-Orozco, Guadalupe Valdés, and Gregory White “An invaluable guide to understanding the multiple complexities and challenges involved in designing a transformative multicultural civic education.” —Robert F. Arnove, Indiana University, Bloomington “This impressive volume offers valuable insights to teachers, teacher educators, and researchers concerned with preparing youth to be participating democratic citizens.” —Carole L. Hahn, Emory University “This important book outlines a set of urgent issues for both scholars and practitioners committed to the fuller expression worldwide of education for democracy.” —Margaret Crocco,Michigan State University “A stellar group of scholars integrates the migration question into issues related to teaching and learning, as well as teacher preparation.” —Gloria Ladson-Billings, University of Wisconsin–Madison “This visionary book highlights research, theory, and practices that can be used to help all students become effective and engaged citizens.” —Linda Darling-Hammond, Stanford University and President of the Learning Policy Institute