Download or read book Liberalising Labour Mobility Under the GATS written by L. Alan Winters and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 2002 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multipleshift systems primarily aim to extend access and minimise unit costs. However, some systems only achieve these goals at the expense of educational quality. Policymakers may be faced by difficult choices in system design.
Download or read book Trade and Migration Building Bridges for Global Labour Mobility written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2004-07-27 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expectations are running high for significant outcomes on the temporary movement of natural persons to supply services – known as mode 4 – in the current WTO services negotiations. This report considers the questions involved.
Download or read book Moving People to Deliver Services written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains a number of papers presented at a conference organised by the World Bank and the WTO, held in April 2002, to discuss how international trade negotiations under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) can promote greater liberalisation and labour mobility in the service sector in a way that benefits both home and host countries.
Download or read book Coherence and Divergence in Services Trade Law written by Rhea Tamara Hoffmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses topical questions concerning the legal framework of trade in services, and assesses how these issues are dealt with in GATS and in selected preferential trade agreements. In addition, the chapters discuss whether the differences and similarities (if any) are evidence of greater coherence or greater divergence. The book combines the individual analyses to provide a more comprehensive picture of the current law on services trade liberalisation.A quarter of a century after the conclusion of the General Agreement on Trade and Services (GATS), international law on trade in services is still in a state of flux: on the one hand, countries increasingly conclude bilateral and regional trade agreements with sections on trade in services that aim at a further liberalisation of services trade. On the other, the GATS structure remains the dominant model and serves as the basis for many preferential trade agreements. In addition, new aspects such as electronic commerce, data protection and taxation are now emerging, while issues that had already manifested in the mid-1990s such as financial services regulation, labour mobility, and telecommunications continue to be problematic. Usually, the debates focus on the question of whether preferential trade agreements serve as a stepping-stone or stumbling block for trade liberalisation at the multilateral level. However, it can be assumed that rules on trade in services in preferential trade agreements will coexist with the global GATS regime for the foreseeable future. This raises the question of whether we’re currently witnessing a drive towards greater coherence or more divergence in agreements on trade in services.
Download or read book Liberalising Temporary Movement of Natural Persons written by L. Alan Winters and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We discuss liberalising the temporary mobility of workers under Mode 4 of the GATS, particularly the movement of medium and low skilled service providers between developing and developed countries. Such mobility potentially offers huge returns: a flow equivalent to three per cent of developed countries' skilled and unskilled work forces would generate an estimated increase in world welfare of over US $150 billion, shared fairly equally between developing and developed countries. The larger part of this emanates from the less-skilled, essentially because losing higher-skilled workers cuts output in developing countries severely. The mass migration of less skilled workers raises fears in developed countries for cultural identity, problems of assimilation and the drain on the public purse. These fears are hardly relevant to temporary movement, however. The biggest economic concern from temporary mobility is its competitive challenge to local less skilled workers. But as populations age and the average levels of training and education rise, developed countries will face an increasing scarcity of less skilled labour. Temporary mobility thus actually offers a strong communality of interest between developing and developed countries. The remainder of the paper looks at the GATS provisions on Mode 4 and the commitments that have been made under it. The paper reviews several official proposals for the Doha talks, including the very detailed one from India, and considers several countries' existing schemes for the temporary movement of foreign workers. Many countries have long had bilateral foreign worker programs, and some regional agreements provide for liberal and flexible movement. These show what is feasible and how concerns can be overcome. We caution that, to be useful, any WTO agreement must increase mobility, not just bureaucratise it. The paper concludes with some modest and practical proposals. We suggest, inter alia, that licensing firms to arrange the movement of labour is the most promising short-term approach to increasing temporary mobility.
Download or read book Liberalization of the Temporary Movement of Natural Persons and the Gulf Between Unskilled and Skilled Service Suppliers Suggestions for Further Liberalization of Gats Mode 4 written by Aaron A. Ostrovsky and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper seeks to explore the transboundary movement of labor, in connection with services provision and the World Trade Organization's (WTO) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). This paper seeks to explore how the further liberalization of trade in services, specifically the movement of natural persons, will be beneficial to skilled, unskilled and semi-skilled workers in developing countries. Large quantities of inexpensive unskilled labor has long been the comparative advantage of developing countries. However, it is not necessarily clear that the comparative advantage is maintained when that labor is sent abroad. While the GATS regime may be useful in solving some of the problems traditionally associated with the movement of skilled and semi-skilled labor from developing to developed countries, it cannot solve the problems associated with the movement of unskilled workers. Indeed, in some situations it would exacerbate those problems.
Download or read book Let Their People Come written by Lant Pritchett and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2006-09-15 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Let Their People Come, Lant Pritchett discusses five "irresistible forces" of global labor migration, and the "immovable ideas" that form a political backlash against it. Increasing wage gaps, different demographic futures, "everything but labor" globalization, and the continued employment growth in low skilled, labor intensive industries all contribute to the forces compelling labor to migrate across national borders. Pritchett analyzes the fifth irresistible force of "ghosts and zombies," or the rapid and massive shifts in desired populations of countries, and says that this aspect has been neglected in the discussion of global labor mobility. Let Their People Come provides six policy recommendations for unskilled immigration policy that seek to reconcile the irresistible force of migration with the immovable ideas in rich countries that keep this force in check. In clear, accessible prose, this volume explores ways to regulate migration flows so that they are a benefit to both the global North and global South.
Download or read book Foundations of International Migration Law written by Brian Opeskin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A stimulating survey of the key themes in international migration law.
Download or read book Moving People to Deliver Services written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-06-06 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The WTO is today dealing with an issue that lies at the interface of two major challenges the world faces, trade liberalization and international migration. Greater freedom for the "temporary movement of individual service suppliers" is being negotiated under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). Conditions in many developed economies - ranging from aging populations to shortages of skilled labor - suggest that this may be a propitious time to put labor mobility squarely on the negotiating agenda. Yet there is limited awareness of how the GATS mechanism can be used to foster liber.
Download or read book Regionalism and the Multilateral Trading System written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2003-07-09 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compares rule-making provisions in regional trade agreements with those of the WTO in ten specific areas: services, labour mobility, investment, competition policy, trade facilitation, government procurement, intellectual property rights, contingency protection, environment and rules of origin.
Download or read book Migration from North Africa and the Middle East written by Alessandra Venturini and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-06-22 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The countries of the Southern and Eastern Mediterranean (SEM) and those in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are crucial to the development of the world economy. Highly skilled migration to and from these regions is key to the recent socio-political transformations that have occurred across the world. Despite this, in the states concerned, skilled migration remains an underlying 'issue of concern', rather than at the top of political agendas, leading to a spectrum of unclear and uncoordinated legal and policy frameworks. Containing a series of thematic and country-specific overviews, this book highlights the specificity of each region, and identifies and analyses key demographic, economic, legal and political data - allowing for policy prescription. Skilled Migration, the 'brain drain', and its impact is an extensively debated phenomenon and this will be an essential companion for social scientists, policy-makers and development scholars.
Download or read book Paying the Price for Joining the WTO written by Roman Grynberg and published by Commonwealth Secretariat. This book was released on 2002 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on the accession process for new WTO membership. The basic premise is that the commitments demanded are too onerous for new members. It argues that the whole process is fundamentally flawed and, in fact, forces applicant countries to accept demands that are not required under WTO agreements. Section 2 is a brief discussion of the process of accession and highlights the inherent flaws. Section 3 focuses on one of the crucial international trade agreements, the General Agreement in Trade and Services (GATS) and provides sector-specific commitments by countries. Section 4 uses a series of statistical tests to verify whether acceding countries have made significantly higher number of specific commitments than existing WTO members. Section 5 makes some concluding observations. The paper uses a strong body of econometric evidence to support its claim that acceding countries undertake greater commitments than those made by WTO members of a similar development status.
Download or read book Domestic Regulation and Service Trade Liberalization written by Pierre Sauve and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-08-29 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade in services, far more than trade in goods, is affected by a variety of domestic regulations, ranging from qualification and licensing requirements in professional services to pro-competitive regulation in telecommunications services. Experience shows that the quality of regulation strongly influences the consequences of trade liberalization. WTO members have agreed that a central task in the ongoing services negotiations will be to develop a set of rules to ensure that domestic regulations support rather than impede trade liberalization. Since these rules are bound to have a profound impact on the evolution of policy, particularly in developing countries, it is important that they be conducive to economically rational policy-making. This book addresses two central questions: What impact can international trade rules on services have on the exercise of domestic regulatory sovereignty? And how can services negotiations be harnessed to promote and consolidate domestic policy reform across highly diverse sectors? The book, with contributions from several of the world's leading experts in the field, explores a range of rule-making challenges arising at this policy interface, in areas such as transparency, standards and the adoption of a necessity test for services trade. Contributions also provide an in-depth look at these issues in the key areas of accountancy, energy, finance, health, telecommunications and transportation services.
Download or read book Wto Trade In Services written by Rüdiger Wolfrum and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2008 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the establishment of the WTO, trade in services became part of the world trade order. Volume 6 is dedicated to these rather recent developments. It covers the core agreement, the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) with annexes, as well as the additional instruments , which have been adopted later on to govern the liberalization in specific sectors. Those are the Understanding on Commitments in Financial Services, the Second Protocol on Financial Services, the Third Protocol on the Movement of Natural Persons, the Fourth Protocol on Basic Telecommunications and the Fifth Protocol, which contains further rules for financial services. This volume will be a valuable reference tool for the WTO community as a whole, as well as for professionals and researchers, who deal with one of the sectors concerned, e.g. financial services and telecommunications. Furthermore, it is highly relevant in view of those sectors, which are the subject of ongoing liberalization efforts or earmarked for future negotiations, namely accounting, legal services, transport, tourism, environmental services, legal and educational services.
Download or read book Regional Economic Integration and Dispute Settlement in East Asia written by Anna G Tevini and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accession of the People's Republic of China to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2001 significantly transformed the global economy both de facto and de jure. At the regional level, China's WTO accession served as an important catalyst for the establishment of Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) in East Asia. This was a novel development for the region, since East Asian States had previously followed a largely informal, market-driven approach to regional economic integration. By contrast, rules-based economic integration involving East Asian States was traditionally limited to multilateral integration under the GATT/WTO framework. This book systematically analyses and explains the development, nature and challenges of rules-based regional economic integration in East Asia with particular attention to the region's first four RTAs. While also addressing the socio-economic, historical and political factors influencing the development of RTAs in East Asia, the book focuses on the legal institutions governing economic integration in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), as well as under the ASEAN–China Comprehensive Economic Co-Operation Agreement (ACFTA), the Japan–Singapore New Age Economic Partnership Agreement (JSEPA), and the Mainland China–Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA). The book provides a systematic, comparative account of the scope, depth and (hard law versus soft law) quality of rules-based economic integration achieved under these four RTAs in the areas of trade in goods and services, investment liberalisation and protection, labour mobility, and dispute settlement.
Download or read book The Palgrave Handbook of International Labour Migration written by M. Panizzon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook focuses on the complexity surrounding the interaction between trade, labour mobility and development, taking into consideration social, economic and human rights implications, and identifies mechanisms for lawful movements across borders and their practical implementation.
Download or read book Beyond Market Access for Economic Development written by Gerrit Faber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and the Africa, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP) countries have drastically restructured Europe’s trade architecture towards the third world. This volume examines the consequences of EPAs for development in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Starting from the observation that the establishment of free trade as such will substantially impact upon economic development, the different contributions focus on the potential contribution of non-traditional aspects of EPAs. More specifically, the authors analyze the role of Aid for Trade schemes, regulatory integration issues and broader foreign policy considerations. How can these non-market access aspects stimulate development in Africa, and how have they been addressed in the EPAs? In short, this brings us to the question whether the ‘light version EPAs’ as they currently stand are a missed chance or a blessing in disguise?
