Download or read book Lexical Meaning in Context written by Nicholas Asher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-17 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book about the meanings of words and how they can combine to form larger meaningful units, as well as how they can fail to combine when the amalgamation of a predicate and argument would produce what the philosopher Gilbert Ryle called a 'category mistake'. It argues for a theory in which words get assigned both an intension and a type. The book develops a rich system of types and investigates its philosophical and formal implications, for example the abandonment of the classic Church analysis of types that has been used by linguists since Montague. The author integrates fascinating and puzzling observations about lexical meaning into a compositional semantic framework. Adjustments in types are a feature of the compositional process and account for various phenomena including coercion and copredication. This book will be of interest to semanticists, philosophers, logicians and computer scientists alike.
Download or read book Lexical Meaning written by M. Lynne Murphy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-28 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ideal introduction for students of semantics, Lexical Meaning fills the gap left by more general semantics textbooks, providing the teacher and the student with insights into word meaning beyond the traditional overviews of lexical relations. The book explores the relationship between word meanings and syntax and semantics more generally. It provides a balanced overview of the main theoretical approaches, along with a lucid explanation of their relative strengths and weaknesses. After covering the main topics in lexical meaning, such as polysemy and sense relations, the textbook surveys the types of meanings represented by different word classes. It explains abstract concepts in clear language, using a wide range of examples, and includes linguistic puzzles in each chapter to encourage the student to practise using the concepts. 'Adopt-a-Word' exercises give students the chance to research a particular word, building a portfolio of specialist work on a single word.
Download or read book How Words Mean written by Vyvyan Evans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Words Mean introduces a new approach to the role of words and other linguistic units in the construction of meaning. It does so by addressing the interaction between non-linguistic concepts and the meanings encoded in language. It develops an account of how words are understood when we produce and hear language in situated contexts of use. It proposes two theoretical constructs, the lexical concept and the cognitive model. These are central to the accounts of lexicalrepresentation and meaning construction developed, giving rise to the Theory of Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models (or LCCM Theory).Vyvyan Evans integrates and advances recent developments in cognitive science, particularly in cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology. He builds a framework for the understanding and analysis of meaning that is at once descriptively adequate and psychologically plausible. In so doing he also addresses current issues in lexical semantics and semantic compositionality, polysemy, figurative language, and the semantics of time and space, and writes in a way that will be accessible tostudents of linguistics and cognitive science at advanced undergraduate level and above.
Download or read book The Structure of Lexical Variation written by Dirk Geeraerts and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2012-01-05 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Structure of Lexical Variation : Meaning, Naming, and Context.
Download or read book Meaning and the Lexicon written by Geer A. J. Hoppenbrouwers and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Words and the Grammar of Context written by Paul Kay and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1997-02-13 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in linguistic semantics may be roughly divided into two broad traditions. Students concerned with lexical fields and lexical domains ('lexical semanticists') have interested themselves in the paradigmatic relations of contrast that obtain among related lexical items and the substantive detail of how particular lexical items map to the nonlinguistic objects they stand for. 'Formal semanticists' (those who study the combinatorial properties of word meanings) have been mostly unconcerned with these issues, concentrating rather on how the meanings of individual words, whatever their internal structure may be and however they may be paradigmatically related to one another, combine into the meanings of phrases and sentences (and recently, to some extent, texts).
Download or read book Terms in Context written by Jennifer Pearson and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1998-05-15 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terms in Context applies the methodology that has been developed over the last two decades in corpus linguistics to the relatively new and still little developed field of corpus-based terminography. While corpora are already being used by some terminologists for the identification of terms and retrieval of contextual fragments, this book describes the first attempt to use corpora for terminography in much the same way as large general reference corpora are already being used for general language lexicography. The author goes beyond the standard problem of identifying terms as opposed to non-terminological lexical items in text and focuses on identifying metalanguage patterns which point to the presence in text of (parts of) reusable definitions of terms. The author examines these patterns and shows how the information which they contain can be retrieved and used as input for terminological entries. Terms in Context should be of interest to ‘traditional’ terminologists who have not previously considered adopting a corpus-based approach to their work or at least not on the scale proposed here; to ‘modern’ terminologists who use text primarily for the identification of terms and the retrieval of contextual examples; to those in the corpus linguistic community who have hitherto used general language corpora for the purposes of lexicography and have not previously considered using special purpose corpora for more specific lexicography studies; and to academics in the ESP/LSP community who are interested in showing students how to use text as a means of ascertaining the meaning of terms.
Download or read book The Lexical Field of Taste written by A. E. Backhouse and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-09 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backhouse, in this book, undertakes a semantic study of taste terms in modern spoken Japanese.
Download or read book Understanding Semantics written by Sebastian Loebner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series provides approachable, yet authoritative, introductions to all the major topics in linguistics. Ideal for students with little or no prior knowledge of linguistics, each book carefully explains the basics, emphasising understanding of the essential notions rather than arguing for a particular theoretical position. Understanding Semantics offers a complete introduction to linguistic semantics. The book takes a step-by-step approach, starting with the basic concepts and moving through the central questions to examine the methods and results of the science of linguistic meaning. Understanding Semantics unites the treatment of a broad scale of phenomena using data from different languages with a thorough investigation of major theoretical perspectives. It leads the reader from their intuitive knowledge of meaning to a deeper understanding of the use of scientific reasoning in the study of language as a communicative tool, of the nature of linguistic meaning, and of the scope and limitations of linguistic semantics. Ideal as a first textbook in semantics for undergraduate students of linguistics, this book is also recommended for students of literature, philosophy, psychology and cognitive science.
Download or read book Lexical Ambiguity Resolution written by Steven L. Small and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most frequently used words in English are highly ambiguous; for example, Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary lists 94 meanings for the word "run" as a verb alone. Yet people rarely notice this ambiguity. Solving this puzzle has commanded the efforts of cognitive scientists for many years. The solution most often identified is "context": we use the context of utterance to determine the proper meanings of words and sentences. The problem then becomes specifying the nature of context and how it interacts with the rest of an understanding system. The difficulty becomes especially apparent in the attempt to write a computer program to understand natural language. Lexical ambiguity resolution (LAR), then, is one of the central problems in natural language and computational semantics research. A collection of the best research on LAR available, this volume offers eighteen original papers by leading scientists. Part I, Computer Models, describes nine attempts to discover the processes necessary for disambiguation by implementing programs to do the job. Part II, Empirical Studies, goes into the laboratory setting to examine the nature of the human disambiguation mechanism and the structure of ambiguity itself. A primary goal of this volume is to propose a cognitive science perspective arising out of the conjunction of work and approaches from neuropsychology, psycholinguistics, and artificial intelligence--thereby encouraging a closer cooperation and collaboration among these fields. Lexical Ambiguity Resolution is a valuable and accessible source book for students and cognitive scientists in AI, psycholinguistics, neuropsychology, or theoretical linguistics.
Download or read book Meaning and Context written by Luca Baptista and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2010 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contextual contributions to meaning are at the core of the debate about the semantics/pragmatics distinction, one of the liveliest topics in current philosophy of language and linguistics. The controversy between semantic minimalists and contextualists regarding context and semantic content is a conspicuous example of the debate's relevance. This collection of essays, written by leading philosophers as well as talented young researchers, offers new approaches to the ongoing discussion about the status of lexical meaning and the role of context dependence in linguistic theorizing. It covers a broad range of issues in semantics and pragmatics such as presuppositions, reference, lexical meaning, discourse relations and information structure, negation, and metaphors. The book is an essential reading for philosophers, linguists, and graduate students of philosophy of language and linguistics.
Download or read book Applied Linguistics for Teachers of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners written by Erdogan, Nabat and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-06-30 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irrespective of the language (first, second, or foreign) taught, knowledge of linguistics and its application is a must for language teachers. However, most TESOL programs use general linguistics textbooks that deal with the science of linguistics (as theory), disregarding its implications (practice) for teaching English language learners. Applied Linguistics for Teachers of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Learners is an essential scholarly publication that seeks to contribute to TESOL and language teacher education programs in order to assist educators to apply their knowledge to help linguistically and culturally diverse learners succeed in school and life. Highlighting an array of topics such as bilingualism, morphology, and sociolinguistics, this book is ideal for educators, educational programs, professionals, academicians, professors, linguists, and students.
Download or read book Meaning in Context written by Jonathan J. Webster and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2008-04-21 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meaning in Context collects some of the biggest names in systemic functional linguistics in one volume, and shows how this theory can be applied to language studies 'intelligently', in order to arrive at a better understanding of how meaning is constructed in language. The chapters use systemic functional theory to examine a range of issues including corpus linguistics, multimodality, language technology, world Englishes and language evolution. This forward-thinking volume will be of interest to researchers in applied linguistics and systemic functional linguistics.
Download or read book Lexical Priming written by Michael Hoey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lexical Priming proposes a radical new theory of the lexicon, which amounts to a completely new theory of language based on how words are used in the real world. Here they are not confined to the definitions given to them in dictionaries but instead interact with other words in common patterns of use. Using concrete statistical evidence from a corpus of newspaper English, but also referring to travel writing and literary text, the author argues that words are 'primed' for use through our experience with them, so that everything we know about a word is a product of our encounters with it. This knowledge explains how speakers of a language succeed in being fluent, creative and natural.
Download or read book Semantic Analysis of Verbal Collocations with Lexical Functions written by Alexander Gelbukh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-09 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for both linguists and computer scientists working in the field of artificial intelligence as well as to anyone interested in intelligent text processing. Lexical function is a concept that formalizes semantic and syntactic relations between lexical units. Collocational relation is a type of institutionalized lexical relations which holds between the base and its partner in a collocation. Knowledge of collocation is important for natural language processing because collocation comprises the restrictions on how words can be used together. The book shows how collocations can be annotated with lexical functions in a computer readable dictionary - allowing their precise semantic analysis in texts and their effective use in natural language applications including parsers, high quality machine translation, periphrasis system and computer-aided learning of lexica. The books shows how to extract collocations from corpora and annotate them with lexical functions automatically. To train algorithms, the authors created a dictionary of lexical functions containing more than 900 Spanish disambiguated and annotated examples which is a part of this book. The obtained results show that machine learning is feasible to achieve the task of automatic detection of lexical functions.
Download or read book Basic Color Terms written by Brent Berlin and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the psychophysical and neurophysical determinants of cross-linguistic constraints on the shape of color lexicons.
Download or read book The Lexicon written by Elisabetta Ježek and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-29 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Lexicon provides an introduction to the study of words, their main properties, and how we use them to create meaning. It offers a detailed description of the organizing principles of the lexicon, and of the categories used to classify a wide range of lexical phenomena, including polysemy, meaning variation in composition, and the interplay with ontology, syntax, and pragmatics. Elisabetta Ježek uses empirical data from digitalized corpora and speakers' judgements, combined with the formalisms developed in the field of general and theoretical linguistics, to propose representations for each of these phenomena. The key feature of the book is that it merges theoretical accounts with lexicographic approaches and computational insights. Its clear structure and accessible approach make The Lexicon an ideal textbook for all students of linguistics—theoretical, applied, and computational—and a valuable resource for scholars and students of language in the fields of cognitive science and philosophy.
