Download or read book Magnesium in the Central Nervous System written by Robert Vink and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Download or read book The Neuroscience of Depression written by Colin R Martin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuroscience of Depression: Features, Diagnosis and Treatment, is a comprehensive reference to the diagnosis and treatment of depression. This book provides readers with the mechanisms of depression reflecting on the interplay between depression and the biological and psychosocial processes. A detailed introduction to various episodes of depression, from PTSD to post-partum depression is provided, followed by a thorough discussion on biomarkers in depression and how to diagnose depression including the Hamilton Depression Rating scale. This book also includes three full sections on treatment options for depression, including pharmacological, behavioral and other novel regimes. The Neuroscience of Depression: Features, Diagnosis and Treatment is the only resource for researchers and practitioners studying, diagnosis and treating of depression. Covers a pharmacological and behavioral treatment options Features sections on diagnosis and biomarkers of depression Discusses depression in children, teens and adults Contains information on comorbidity of physical and mental conditions Includes more than 250 illustrations and tables

Download or read book Biological Aspects of Affective Disorders written by Roger W. Horton and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological research in the affective disorders has been an international growth industry for several years. Biological Aspects of Affective Disorders is a comprehensive introduction to the biochemical, pharmacological, and genetic aspects constituting the abnormalities that may underline the diseases of depression and mania, together with the current understanding of the clinical features and management of affected patients.It will be of great value especially to young researchers from all disciplines contributing to this area and to trainee psychiatrists.

Download or read book The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide written by Yogesh Dwivedi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With recent studies using genetic, epigenetic, and other molecular and neurochemical approaches, a new era has begun in understanding pathophysiology of suicide. Emerging evidence suggests that neurobiological factors are not only critical in providing potential risk factors but also provide a promising approach to develop more effective treatment and prevention strategies. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide discusses the most recent findings in suicide neurobiology. Psychological, psychosocial, and cultural factors are important in determining the risk factors for suicide; however, they offer weak prediction and can be of little clinical use. Interestingly, cognitive characteristics are different among depressed suicidal and depressed nonsuicidal subjects, and could be involved in the development of suicidal behavior. The characterization of the neurobiological basis of suicide is in delineating the risk factors associated with suicide. The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide focuses on how and why these neurobiological factors are crucial in the pathogenic mechanisms of suicidal behavior and how these findings can be transformed into potential therapeutic applications.

Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic

Download or read book Caffeine written by P. B. Dews and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the late 1970s, interest in caffeine among both the general public and the scientific community was at a relatively low level for many years, even though it was recognized that caffeine was an al most universal component of the diet. The National Coffee Associa tion was supporting a continuing program of research, some re search was being conducted by a few of the largest companies selling coffee, and an occasional university researcher became inter ested in caffeine and conducted experiments, often on effects of caf feine in very high concentration in vitro on skeletal muscle fibres or on dividing cells. Since 1978, however, there has been a mighty up surge in both public and scientific interest in caffeine. It is interest ing to note that this was prompted not by discovery of hitherto un known effects or hazards of caffeine, but by the actions of a regulatory agency, the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) of the U. S. Public Health Service. The U. S. Congress passed new laws on foods and drugs in 1958. One of the provisions was for testing of food additives to assess risk to health. As it was clearly impracticable to require immediate test ing of all additives already in use, a list was drawn up of some hun dreds of additives that were generally recognized as safe (GRAS).

Download or read book Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences written by Eduardo E. Benarroch and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 850 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully updated and revised according to student feedback, the sixth edition of Mayo Clinic Medical Neurosciences: Organized by Neurologic System and Level provides a systematic approach to anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the nervous system inspired by the neurologist's approach to solving clinical problems. This volume has 4 sections: 1) an overview of the neurosciences necessary for understanding anatomical localization and pathophysiologic characterization of neurologic disorders; 2) an approach to localizing lesions in the 7 longitudinal systems of the nervous system; 3) an approach to localizing lesions in the 4 horizontal levels of the nervous system; and 4) a collection of clinical problems. This book provides the neuroscience framework to support the neurologist in a clinical setting and is also a great resource for neurology and psychiatry board certifications. This is the perfect guide for all medical students and neurology, psychiatry, and physical medicine residents at early stages of training. New to This Edition - A chapter devoted to multiple-choice questions for self-assessment - Discussion of emerging concepts in molecular, cellular, and system neurosciences - New chapters on emotion and consciousness systems - Incorporation of new discoveries in neuroimaging and an appendix for tables of medications commonly used to treat neurologic disorders

Download or read book Cholinergic Monoaminergic Interactions in the Brain written by Larry Butcher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cholinergic-Monoaminergic Interactions in the Brain investigates dynamic synaptic mechanisms in the brain and their links to various behaviors and related functional processes. More specifically, it explores neurochemical interactions by focusing on the relationship between cholinergic and monoaminergic mechanisms in the central nervous system. It also presents morphologic data to highlight the importance of structure in understanding function, particularly, that of the neostriatum and the role of acetylcholine and neurochemicals. Organized into six sections comprised of 18 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of various models of cholinergic-monoaminergic and other chemical interactions, based in part on interactive processes that are believed to operate in the peripheral nervous system. The next chapters focus on experimental observations on electrophysiologic and neurochemical interactions in the brain and the functional correlates of such interactions. The discussion then turns to the neurohistochemical and neurobiochemical aspects of cholinergic-monoaminergic interactions, the effects on neostriatal acetylcholine levels, and the synthesis of the cortico-neostriatal and thalamo-neostriatal pathways. The reader is also introduced to the effects of lesion in the globus pallidus, the electrophysiology of interactions, the effects of drugs thought to preferentially affect monoaminergic or related neurotransmission mechanisms on acetylcholine in the brain, and whether dopamine is excitatory or inhibitory upon neostriatal neurons. Finally, the book assesses the significance of central cholinergic-monoaminergic interactions for functional processes, both normal and pathologic. This book is a valuable resource for neuroscientists, pharmacologists, histochemists, behavioral biologists, psychobiologists, and psychologists.

Download or read book Sleep and Sleep Disorders written by Malcolm Lader and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-06 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many recent discoveries in both laboratory and clinical settings have greatly increased our understanding of sleep medicine and the relevant psychopharmacology. This timely book serves to present updated information about the neuropsychopharmacology of sleep as this field enters mainstream psychiatry, neurology and medicine This volume has assembled articles that summarize and review carefully, a chosen selection of the latest discoveries concerning sleep medicine, sleep physiology and sleep pharmacology. Outstanding contributions have been sought from acknowledged experts in their respective fields. The goal of the volume is to present the more recent developments and advances in the fields of sleep and neuropsychopharmacology, as well as to provide a context for considering them both in depth and from multidisciplinary perspectives. This volume brings together the collective expertise of clinicians and basic researchers who represent a range of interests in neuroscience, neuropharmacology, sleep physiology, and biological rhythms. Presenting a thoughtful balance of basic experimental and clinical facts and viewpoints, this book will serve as a foundation for understanding, and ultimately treating, sleep disorders.

Download or read book Anesthetic Pharmacology written by Alex S. Evers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 2902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years our understanding of molecular mechanisms of drug action and interindividual variability in drug response has grown enormously. Meanwhile, the practice of anesthesiology has expanded to the preoperative environment and numerous locations outside the OR. Anesthetic Pharmacology: Basic Principles and Clinical Practice, 2nd edition, is an outstanding therapeutic resource in anesthesia and critical care: Section 1 introduces the principles of drug action, Section 2 presents the molecular, cellular and integrated physiology of the target organ/functional system and Section 3 reviews the pharmacology and toxicology of anesthetic drugs. The new Section 4, Therapeutics of Clinical Practice, provides integrated and comparative pharmacology and the practical application of drugs in daily clinical practice. Edited by three highly acclaimed academic anesthetic pharmacologists, with contributions from an international team of experts, and illustrated in full colour, this is a sophisticated, user-friendly resource for all practitioners providing care in the perioperative period.

Download or read book Tourette Syndrome written by Davide Martino and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tourette syndrome (TS) has become increasingly recognised within society and has gained scientific interest worldwide. Knowledge of its clinical presentation, mechanisms of disease, and available treatment approaches has increased remarkably over the last two decades. Likewise, the way clinicians, teachers, social care workers, and families face the problems manifested by patients with TS is rapidly evolving. Tourette Syndrome, edited by Davide Martino and James F. Leckman, offers a unique opportunity to capture this knowledge advance through a comprehensive and up-to-date overview. Tourette Syndrome covers all the main aspects related to TS, analyzing its complex clinical presentation, the novel viewpoints of causes and mechanisms, state-of-the-art assessment techniques, and the diversity of treatment options. Multidisciplinarity is the main asset of this volume, which represents a source of consultation for a wide audience of professionals, integrated with video tutorials related to particularly complex areas of patient management. Medical and PhD students, as well as post-doctoral scientists, will be able to use the volume as a valuable learning source.

Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by G. Ali Qureshi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance in pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis that leads to the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species. Brain cells are continuously exposed to reactive oxygen species generated by oxidative metabolism, and in certain pathological conditions defense mechanisms against oxygen radicals may be weakened and/or overwhelmed. DNA is a potential target for oxidative damage, and genomic damage can contribute to neuropathogenesis. It is important therefore to identify tools for the quantitative analysis of DNA damage in models on neurological disorders. This book presents detailed information on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. This information will provide clinicians with directions to treat these disorders with appropriate therapy and is also of vital importance for the drug industries for the design of new drugs for treatment of degenerative disorders. * Contains the latest information on the subject of neurodegenerative disorders* Reflects on various factors involved in degeneration and gives suggestions for how to tackle these problems

Download or read book The Diagnosis and Management of Agitation written by Scott L. Zeller and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide to the origins and treatment options for agitation, a common symptom of psychiatric and neurologic disorders.

Download or read book Histamine in the brain written by Jian-Sheng Lin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain aminergic pathways are organized in parallel and interacting systems, which support a range of functions, from homoeostatic regulations to cognitive, and motivational processes. Despite overlapping functional influences, dopamine, serotonin, noradrenaline and histamine systems provide different contributions to these processes. The histaminergic system, long ignored as a major regulator of the sleep-wake cycle, has now been fully acknowledged also as a major coordinator of attention, learning and memory, decision making. Although histaminergic neurons project widely to the whole brain, they are functionally heterogeneous, a feature which may provide the substrate for differential regulation, in a region-specific manner, of other neurotransmitter systems. Neurochemical preclinical studies have clearly shown that histamine interacts and modulates the release of neurotransmitters that are recognized as major modulators of cognitive processing and motivated behaviours. As a consequence, the histamine system has been proposed as a therapeutic target to treat sleep-wake disorders and cognitive dysfunctions that accompany neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory pathologies. Last decades have witnessed an unexpected explosion of interest in brain histamine system, as new receptors have been discovered and selective ligands synthesised. Nevertheless, the complete picture of the histamine systems fine-tuning and its orchestration with other pathways remains rather elusive. This Research Topic is intended to offer an inter-disciplinary forum that will improve our current understanding of the role of brain histamine and provide the fundamentals necessary to drive innovation in clinical practice and to improve the management and treatment of neurological disorders.

Download or read book Pharmacological Mechanisms and the Modulation of Pain written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-23 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacological Mechanisms and the Modulation of Pain, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents the pharmacological mechanisms and the modulation of pain. With a variety of chapters and the best authors in the field, this volume is an essential resource for pharmacologists, immunologists, and biochemists alike. Contains contributions from the best authors in the field of pharmacology that focus on the pharmacological mechanisms and modulation of pain Provides an essential resource for pharmacologists, immunologists, and biochemists

Download or read book Waking and the Reticular Activating System in Health and Disease written by Edgar Garcia-Rill and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-28 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waking and the Reticular Activating System in Health and Disease provides a comprehensive overview on the “activating properties of the RAS. In health, the RAS provides the basis against which we assess the external world, and in disease it distorts that world and shatters our self-image. This book describes the physiology of each process, how it is disturbed in each disorder, and what the most appropriate treatment should be. Dr. Garcia-Rill, along with contributions from leading specialists, discusses the understanding of the RAS as a system not only modulating waking, but also in charge of survival mechanisms such as fight vs flight responses and reflexes. The full spectrum of these functions helps explain the complexity of symptoms evident in such disorders as disparate as schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease. The book reviews the mechanisms that control waking and arousal, and especially how those mechanisms malfunction in certain neurological and psychiatric disorders. First comprehensive overview on the RAS and its role in schizophrenia, major depression, autism, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and other neurologic and mental diseases Offers a new way of thinking about brain function and the role of the RAS in our waking lives Written by a leading translational neuroscience researcher with contributions by specialists in the field

Download or read book Les m dicaments psychotropes les thymor gulateurs written by VERDOUX Hélène and published by Lavoisier. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La classe des médicaments thymorégulateurs s’est longtemps résumée au seul lithium, avant de s’élargir aux anticonvulsivants. Plus récemment, avec les modifications intervenues dans le profil des molécules regroupées dans cette classe médicamenteuse et la remise en cause de la distinction entre antipsychotiques et thymorégulateurs, différentes définitions ont émergé, selon les critères retenus et l’accent sur l’efficacité préventive ou curative. Ces interrogations sur la définition de la classe des thymorégulateurs s’accompagnent d’un questionnement sur l’évolution des modèles nosographiques et donc des stratégies thérapeutiques. Ainsi l’ouvrage a-t-il pour objectif d’apporter les informations nécessaires à une prescription raisonnée de thymorégulateurs : - les bases fondamentales : mécanismes neurobiologiques, pharmacocinétique, pharmacodynamie, pharmacogénétique, effets sur les processus cognitifs et émotionnels ; - les modalités de prescription : incluant l’instauration, la surveillance, l’arrêt du traitement ainsi que les effets secondaires et les complications, pour le lithium, les anticonvulsivants et les antipsychotiques ; - l’éducation thérapeutique du patient. - les indications : trouble bipolaire, dépression, troubles psychotiques, troubles de la personnalité, addictions, prescriptions dimensionnelles ; - les spécificités liées aux populations et aux situations : association de plusieurs thymorégulateurs ou à un antidépresseur ou à l’ECT, utilisation chez les enfants et les adolescents, chez la femme enceinte ou allaitant, chez les personnes âgées. Réunissant une cinquantaine de spécialistes reconnus, riche d’une trentaine de tableaux et schémas explicatifs et d’un index détaillé, cet ouvrage est la référence indispensable pour tous les praticiens devant prescrire des thymorégulateurs.