Download or read book Les empreintes environnementales de l approvisionnement alimentaire written by Petros Chatzimpiros and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Face aux changements globaux et aux défis du développement soutenable, l'approvisionnement alimentaire urbain doit à la fois être analysé à travers les processus qui le sous-tendent et quantifié en termes de mobilisation des ressources naturelles et d'émission des polluants dans l'environnement. On s'est intéressé dans le cadre de cette thèse à comprendre le mécanisme d'approvisionnement en viande et en lait frais de l'agglomération parisienne sur une période longue de deux siècles et à déterminer, produit par produit, l'empreinte environnementale de l'approvisionnement en termes d'emprise spatiale, de mobilisation d'eau et de flux d'azote entre les agro-systèmes et l'environnement au début des XIXe, XXe et XXIe siècles. On a utilisé des données statistiques nationales et internationales de transport et de production agricole pour déterminer et suivre l'évolution de l'aire géographique d'approvisionnement, évaluer la fraction des subsistances régionales que réclame la capitale pour son approvisionnement, reconstituer à l'aide des modèles de rationnement et des tables d'alimentation les rations des animaux approvisionnant Paris, déterminer, en termes à la fois de biomasse, d'énergie et de protéines, le rendement en viande et en lait du fourrage aux différentes dates et enfin calculer, de manière spatialisée, l'étendue des terres agricoles (empreinte spatiale) - et les flux d'azote et d'eau impliqués dans la production. L'empreinte hydrique a pour objectif de mesurer le volume des prélèvements d'eau (pluviale et d'irrigation) et le taux moyen de mobilisation des apports d'origine pluviale. L'empreinte azotée brute désigne le tonnage total d'azote mis en jeu dans la production, dont le partage entre la production d'aliments et les pertes environnementales dépend de la manière dont fonctionnent les agro-systèmes et caractérise la profondeur de l'empreinte urbaine. On propose ainsi d'élargir la notion d'équivalent habitant (Equ/Hab) classiquement considéré comme représentatif des émissions individuelles d'azote dans les eaux usées urbaines et de définir un équivalent habitant amont qui englobe en quelque sorte tous les rejets individuels d'azote en amont de la ville, relatifs à la production de la nourriture d'un citadin. Depuis le début du XIXe siècle, l'étendue de production par habitant s'est réduite d'un facteur six (pour une consommation de viande et de lait égale à environ 2 kg N/hab/an au début du XIXe siècle comme actuellement) - la réduction étant pour 30 % environ relative au doublement du rendement en viande et en lait du fourrage - mais l'intensité d'utilisation de l'eau et la profondeur de l'empreinte par hectare ont respectivement doublé et quadruplé. On estime qu'actuellement, 45 % des pertes d'azote - soit 5,1 kg N/hab/an ou 60 kg N/ha - proviennent des fumures laissées à l'abandon, faute de n'être reconduites à l'agriculture végétale. Etant donné que la somme des importations de viande bovine, porcine et de lait représente 25 % de l'apport protéique total dans l'alimentation du Parisien et sachant que la fraction végétale de l'alimentation est à priori caractérisée par moins de pertes d'azote que la fraction animale, on estime l'équivalent habitant amont de l'ensemble de l'alimentation du Parisien, à environ 7 Equ/Hab.
Download or read book Local Energy Autonomy written by Fanny Lopez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, interest for local energy production, supply and consumption has increased in academic and public debates. In particular, contemporary energy transition discourses and strategies often emphasize the search for increased local energy autonomy, a phrase which can refer to a diverse range of configurations, both in terms of the spaces and scales of the local territory considered and in terms of what is meant by energy autonomy. This book explores policies, projects and processes aimed at increased local energy autonomy, with a particular focus on their spatial, infrastructural and political dimensions. In doing so, the authors – Sabine Barles, Bruno Barroca, Guilhem Blanchard, Benoit Boutaud, Arwen Colell, Gilles Debizet, Ariane Debourdeau, Laure Dobigny, Florian Dupont, Zélia Hampikian, Sylvy Jaglin, Allan Jones, Raphael Ménard, Alain Nadaï, Angela Pohlmann, Cyril Roger-Lacan, Eric Vidalenc – improve our understanding of the always partial and controversial processes of energy relocation that articulate forms of local metabolic self-sufficiency, socio-technical decentralization and political empowerment. Comprising fifteen chapters, the book is divided into four parts: Governance and Actors; Urban Projects and Energy Systems; Energy Communities; and The Challenges of Energy Autonomy.
Download or read book Urbanizing Nature written by Tim Soens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-14 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What do we mean when we say that cities have altered humanity’s interaction with nature? The more people are living in cities, the more nature is said to be "urbanizing": turned into a resource, mobilized over long distances, controlled, transformed and then striking back with a vengeance as "natural disaster". Confronting insights derived from Environmental History, Science and Technology Studies or Political Ecology, Urbanizing Nature aims to counter teleological perspectives on the birth of modern "urban nature" as a uniform and linear process, showing how new technological schemes, new actors and new definitions of nature emerged in cities from the sixteenth to the twentieth century.
Download or read book Territorial Ecology and Socio ecological Transition written by Nicolas Buclet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the same realm as social ecology, industrial ecology and the circular economy, a new interdisciplinary field is growing: territorial ecology. Based on the analysis of the metabolism of human societies at a local level, it helps us diagnose a socioecosystem. This diagnostic is not only based on what is circulating, but also on how it is organized and why. Who is at the origin of a flow? What are their motivations? Who has the power to make decisions about it? This methodology, taking into account both the material description of human societies and the analysis of decisionmaking processes, might also be relevant for territorial diagnostics. It leads us to a systemic view of the consequences of individual and collective actions on the sustainability of local socio ecosystems. Socio-ecological transition implies a substantial evolution of human societies. Innovation, be it technological, organizational or social, is intrinsically involved in this evolution. However, if transition calls for disruptive rather than incremental innovations, we must also assess these innovations with a systemic view of their consequences.
Download or read book Local Energy Autonomy written by Fanny Lopez and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-04-29 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, interest for local energy production, supply and consumption has increased in academic and public debates. In particular, contemporary energy transition discourses and strategies often emphasize the search for increased local energy autonomy, a phrase which can refer to a diverse range of configurations, both in terms of the spaces and scales of the local territory considered and in terms of what is meant by energy autonomy. This book explores policies, projects and processes aimed at increased local energy autonomy, with a particular focus on their spatial, infrastructural and political dimensions. In doing so, the authors – Sabine Barles, Bruno Barroca, Guilhem Blanchard, Benoit Boutaud, Arwen Colell, Gilles Debizet, Ariane Debourdeau, Laure Dobigny, Florian Dupont, Zélia Hampikian, Sylvy Jaglin, Allan Jones, Raphael Ménard, Alain Nadaï, Angela Pohlmann, Cyril Roger-Lacan, Eric Vidalenc – improve our understanding of the always partial and controversial processes of energy relocation that articulate forms of local metabolic self-sufficiency, socio-technical decentralization and political empowerment. Comprising fifteen chapters, the book is divided into four parts: Governance and Actors; Urban Projects and Energy Systems; Energy Communities; and The Challenges of Energy Autonomy.
Download or read book Risk Management and Food Safety written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk analysis is widely recognised as the fundamental methodology underlying the development of food safety standards. As recognised in the 1995 consultation, risk analysis is composed of three separate but integrated elements, namely risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. That consultation recognised risk communication as an interactive process of exchange of information and opinion on risk among risk assessors, risk managers, and other interested parties. Risk management is defined within Codex as the process of weighing policy alternatives in the light of the results of risk assessment and, if required, selecting and implementing appropriate control options, including regulatory measures. The outcome of the risk management process, as undertaken by Committees within the Codex Alimentarius system, is the development of standards, guidelines and other recommendations for food safety, m the national situation it is likely that different risk management decisions could be made according to different criteria and different ranges of risk management options. The overall objective of Codex is to ensure consumer protection and to facilitate international trade.
Download or read book What is the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actual Code of conduct is also available (1996) (ISBN 9251038341).
Download or read book Cities and Agriculture written by Henk de Zeeuw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As people increasingly migrate to urban settings and more than half of the world's population now lives in cities, it is vital to plan and provide for sustainable and resilient food systems which reflect this challenge. This volume presents experience and evidence-based "state of the art" chapters on the key dimensions of urban food challenges and types of intra- and peri-urban agriculture. The book provides urban planners, local policy makers and urban development practitioners with an overview of crucial aspects of urban food systems based on an up to date review of research results and practical experiences in both developed and developing countries. By doing so, the international team of authors provides a balanced textbook for students of the growing number of courses on sustainable agriculture, food and urban studies, as well as a solid basis for well-informed policy making, planning and implementation regarding the development of sustainable, resilient and just urban food systems.
Download or read book Remaking the North American Food System written by C. Clare Hinrichs and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the resurgence of interest in rebuilding the links between agricultural production and food consumption. With examples from Puerto Rico to Oregon to Quebec, this work offers a North American perspective attuned to trends toward globalization at the level of markets and governance and shows how globalization affects specific localities.
Download or read book Innovate Bristol written by Sven Boermeester and published by . This book was released on 2019-12 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovate Bristol highlights and celebrates those companies and individuals that are actively working at building a better tomorrow for all. Innovation Ecosystems thrive through the involvement and support of companies and individuals from all industries, which is why the Innovate series not only focuses on the innovators but also those people whom the Innovation Ecosystem, would not be able to thrive without.
Download or read book Food System Sustainability written by Catherine Esnouf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As western-style food systems extend further around the world, food sustainability is becoming an increasingly important issue. Such systems are not sustainable in terms of their consumption of resources, their impact on ecosystems or their effect on health and social inequality. From 2009 to 2011, the duALIne project, led by INRA and CIRAD, assembled a team of experts to investigate food systems downstream of the farm, from the farm gate, to consumption and the disposal of waste. Representing a diverse range of backgrounds spanning academia and the public and private sectors, the project aimed to review the international literature and identify major gaps in our knowledge. This book brings together its key conclusions and insights, presenting state-of-the-art research in food sustainability and identifying priority areas for further study. It will provide a valuable resource for researchers, decision-makers and stakeholders in the food industry.
Download or read book Trees Shrubs and Lianas of West African Dry Zones written by Michel Arbonnier and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2004 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Standing up for a Sustainable World written by Claude Henry and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-12-25 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world has witnessed extraordinary economic growth, poverty reduction and increased life expectancy and population since the end of WWII, but it has occurred at the expense of undermining life support systems on Earth and subjecting future generations to the real risk of destabilising the planet. This timely book exposes and explores this colossal environmental cost and the dangerous position the world is now in. Standing up for a Sustainable World is written by and about key individuals who have not only understood the threats to our planet, but also become witness to them and confronted them.
Download or read book Rebuilding West Africa s Food Potential written by Aziz Elbehri and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an in-depth analyses of value chain policies, past and present in West Africa. The book contains a large number of in-depth case studies of food value chains in particular countries, including traditional export commodities (cocoa, cotton), high value exports (mangoes, horticulture) and the most important staple food value chains (oil palm, rice, maize, sorghum and millet and cassava) in the region. It also contains a large number of private and public initiatives, and thematic analyses relating to the role of the private agro-industry and producer organizations and their role as market agents.
Download or read book Aquaculture Development written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides annotations to the Principles of Article 9 of the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. These annotations are meant to serve as general guidance, and should be taken as suggestions or observations intended to assist those interested in identifying their own criteria and options for actions, as well as partners for collaboration, in support of sustainable aquaculture development.
Download or read book Agrimonde Scenarios and Challenges for Feeding the World in 2050 written by Sandrine Paillard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How will the world be able to feed close to 9 billion people in 2050 and still maintain the ecosystems? In this perspective, INRA and CIRAD launched the initiative, in 2006, to develop a foresight project for analysing issues pertaining to the world's food and agricultural systems on the 2050 timeline. This book provides a synthetic presentation of the main conclusions that this foresight project has yielded. First, it recapitulates the main statistical references for the period 1961 to 2003, before going on to describe the Agribiom simulation tool used to calculate food biomass resource use balances. Two scenarios on the 2050 timeline are then considered: Agrimonde GO is a trend-based scenario that bets on economic growth to feed the world, in a context where environmental protection is not a priority; in contrast, the idea in Agrimonde 1 is to feed the world while preserving its ecosystems.
