Download or read book The Calculus Wars written by Jason Socrates Bardi and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now regarded as the bane of many college students' existence, calculus was one of the most important mathematical innovations of the seventeenth century. But a dispute over its discovery sewed the seeds of discontent between two of the greatest scientific giants of all time -- Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. Today Newton and Leibniz are generally considered the twin independent inventors of calculus, and they are both credited with giving mathematics its greatest push forward since the time of the Greeks. Had they known each other under different circumstances, they might have been friends. But in their own lifetimes, the joint glory of calculus was not enough for either and each declared war against the other, openly and in secret. This long and bitter dispute has been swept under the carpet by historians -- perhaps because it reveals Newton and Leibniz in their worst light -- but The Calculus Wars tells the full story in narrative form for the first time. This vibrant and gripping scientific potboiler ultimately exposes how these twin mathematical giants were brilliant, proud, at times mad and, in the end, completely human.
Download or read book The History of the Priority Di pute between Newton and Leibniz written by Thomas Sonar and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2018-04-12 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thrilling history of the famous priority dispute between Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Isaac Newton, presenting the episode for the first time in the context of cultural history. It introduces readers to the background of the dispute, details its escalation, and discusses the aftermath of the big divide, which extended well into rThe Early Challengesnd the story is very intelligibly explained – an approach that offers general readers interested in the history of sciences and mathematics a window into the world of these two giants in their field. From the epilogue to the German edition by Eberhard Knobloch:Thomas Sonar has traced the emergence and the escalation of this conflict, which was heightened by Leibniz’s rejection of Newton’s gravitation theory, in a grandiose, excitingly written monograph. With absolute competence, he also explains the mathematical context so that non-mathematicians will also profit from the book. Quod erat demonstrandum!
Download or read book La pol mica sobre la invenci n del c lculo infinitesimal written by Isaac Newton and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Este libro trata de uno de los instrumentos conceptuales y analíticos más básicos y más importantes inventados por los humanos: el cálculo infinitesimal. Sin él, la historia de la ciencia -lo que en buena medida también quiere decir la historia de la humanidad- habría sido diferente. Sus inventores fueron dos gigantes de la ciencia: Isaac Newton (1642-1727) y Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), este último también una figura prominente en la historia de la filosofía. Ahora bien, el recuerdo de sus respectivas contribuciones está indisolublemente acompañado por la polémica que mantuvieron, ellos y sus seguidores, por atribuirse el mérito de la prioridad de su descubrimiento. Una polémica agria donde la haya, que muestra algunos rasgos de lo peor de la condición humana. Para que los lectores puedan hacerse una idea tanto del carácter de los dos protagonistas de este momento inolvidable de la historia de la ciencia, como de sus respectivas contribuciones a la invención del cálculo infinitesimal, al igual que del “espíritu” de la época en que vivieron, este volumen reproduce, fenomenalmente introducidos y anotados por Antonio Durán, los principales documentos que recogen los puntos de vista de Newton y Leibniz: el llamado account , de Newton, y la denominada Charta volans, junto a la Historia y norigen del cálculo difrencial, de Leibniz.
Download or read book Newton and Leibniz written by Margaret E. Baron and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transcendental Curves in the Leibnizian Calculus written by Viktor Blasjo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-04-22 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcendental Curves in the Leibnizian Calculus analyzes a mathematical and philosophical conflict between classical and early modern mathematics. In the late 17th century, mathematics was at the brink of an identity crisis. For millennia, mathematical meaning and ontology had been anchored in geometrical constructions, as epitomized by Euclid's ruler and compass. As late as 1637, Descartes had placed himself squarely in this tradition when he justified his new technique of identifying curves with equations by means of certain curve-tracing instruments, thereby bringing together the ancient constructive tradition and modern algebraic methods in a satisfying marriage. But rapid advances in the new fields of infinitesimal calculus and mathematical mechanics soon ruined his grand synthesis. Descartes's scheme left out transcendental curves, i.e. curves with no polynomial equation, but in the course of these subsequent developments such curves emerged as indispensable. It was becoming harder and harder to juggle cutting-edge mathematics and ancient conceptions of its foundations at the same time, yet leading mathematicians, such as Leibniz felt compelled to do precisely this. The new mathematics fit more naturally an analytical conception of curves than a construction-based one, yet no one wanted to betray the latter, as this was seen as virtually tantamount to stop doing mathematics altogether. The credibility and authority of mathematics depended on it. - Brings to light this underlying and often implicit complex of concerns that permeate early calculus - Evaluates the technical conception and mathematical construction of the geometrical method - Reveals a previously unrecognized Liebnizian programmatic cohesion in early calculus - Provides a beautifully written work of outstanding original scholarship
Download or read book La Filosof a y la Teor a de la Relatividad de Einstein written by Adalberto GarcÍa De Mendoza and published by Palibrio. This book was released on 2012 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solo quiero referir a una opinión de Einstein, este magnífico matemático y hombre de bien. Se le preguntó por qué la mayoría de los estudiantes se les dificultaba el estudio de las matemáticas. Einstein se concretó a decir "La dificultad de las mentes juveniles para entender la matemática estriba en que no han sido suficientemente educadas en el sentimiento del ritmo" Ciertamente, las matemáticas, llevan un ritmo interior, el más profundo que sólo la visión del universo puede entregar a la mente y a la contemplación del intelecto. El arte ornamental siempre se ha proyectado hacia fuera, en cambio, el arte ornamental en la matemática, corresponde únicamente al campo interno del espíritu, a la región de los pensamientos en su más pura manifestación. Las matemáticas son un elemento vital en la vida del hombre, están relacionadas con su producción artística filosófica y en el transcurrir de los siglos pueden interpretarse como una manifestación pura y diáfana de ese ritmo que ha dominado a los pensamientos. DR. ADALBERTO GARCÍA DE MENDOZA
Download or read book Space Time and Theology in the Leibniz Newton Controversy written by Edward J. Khamara and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-02 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the famous Correspondence with Clarke, which took place during the last year of Leibniz’s life, Leibniz advanced several arguments purporting to refute the absolute theory of space and time that was held by Newton and his followers. The main aim of this book is to reassess Leibniz’s attack on the Newtonian theory in so far as he relied on the principle of the identity of indiscernibles. The theological side of the controversy is not ignored but isolated and discussed in the last three chapters, which deal with problems connected with the notions of omnipotence and omniscience.
Download or read book The Tangled Origins of the Leibnizian Calculus written by Richard C. Brown and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a detailed study of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz''s creation of calculus from 1673 to the 1680s. We examine and analyze the mathematics in several of his early manuscripts as well as various articles published in the Acta Eruditorum. It studies some of the other lesser known OC calculiOCO Leibniz created such as the Analysis Situs, delves into aspects of his logic, and gives an overview of his efforts to construct a Universal Characteristic, a goal that has its distant origin in the Ars Magna of the 13th century Catalan philosopher Raymond Llull, whose work enjoyed a renewed popularity in the century and a half prior to Leibniz. This book also touches upon a new look at the priority controversy with Newton and a Kuhnian interpretation of the nature of mathematical change. This book may be the only integrated treatment based on recent research and should be a thought-provoking contribution to the history of mathematics for scholars and students, interested in either Leibniz''s mathematical achievement or general issues in the field."
Download or read book Discusi n sobre la invenci n del c lculo infinitesimal entre Newton y Leibniz written by Ildefonso Pérez de Laborda y Pérez de Rada and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leibniz and Hermeneutics written by Miguel Escribano Cabeza and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-08 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent centuries in the history of philosophy, Leibniz’s thought has been considered from a wide range of perspectives: as a decisive influence on modernity’s genesis or, as Kant’s predecessor, as key to contemporary logic’s development, and even in parallel to Nietzsche’s metaphysics of individuality. However, the high potential of Leibniz’s thought has been most strongly understood by contemporary hermeneutics and its authors, including Heidegger, for whom Leibniz represents the greatest exponent of Modernity. This book explores the philosophical connection of the hermeneutical approach with Leibniz’s thought. Comprised of twelve chapters, in addition to a detailed bibliography of the appearances of Leibniz in Heidegger’s Gesamtausgabe and secondary literature, it explores such subjects as the distinction amongst phases in Heidegger’s reception of Leibniz, works dedicated to concepts of time, substance, representation, personal identity, reality and force. Furthermore, this book also provides the perspectives of a number of authors in relation to Leibniz, such as Ortega y Gasset, Apel, Deleuze, and Husserl.
Download or read book e The Story of a Number written by Eli Maor and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The interest earned on a bank account, the arrangement of seeds in a sunflower, and the shape of the Gateway Arch in St. Louis are all intimately connected with the mysterious number e. In this informal and engaging history, Eli Maor portrays the curious characters and the elegant mathematics that lie behind the number. Designed for a reader with only a modest mathematical background, this biography brings out the central importance of e to mathematics and illuminates a golden era in the age of science.
Download or read book In Pursuit of the Unknown written by Ian Stewart and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seventeen equations that form the basis for life as we know it. Most people are familiar with history's great equations: Newton's Law of Gravity, for instance, or Einstein's theory of relativity. But the way these mathematical breakthroughs have contributed to human progress is seldom appreciated. In In Pursuit of the Unknown, celebrated mathematician Ian Stewart untangles the roots of our most important mathematical statements to show that equations have long been a driving force behind nearly every aspect of our lives. Using seventeen of our most crucial equations -- including the Wave Equation that allowed engineers to measure a building's response to earthquakes, saving countless lives, and the Black-Scholes model, used by bankers to track the price of financial derivatives over time -- Stewart illustrates that many of the advances we now take for granted were made possible by mathematical discoveries. An approachable, lively, and informative guide to the mathematical building blocks of modern life, In Pursuit of the Unknown is a penetrating exploration of how we have also used equations to make sense of, and in turn influence, our world.
Download or read book Emilie du Ch telet between Leibniz and Newton written by Ruth Hagengruber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-29 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emilie du Châtelet was one of the most influential woman philosophers of the Enlightenment. Her writings on natural philosophy, physics, and mechanics had a decisive impact on important scientific debates of the 18th century. Particularly, she took an innovative and outstanding position in the controversy between Newton and Leibniz, one of the fundamental scientific discourses of that time. The contributions in this volume focus on this "Leibnitian turn". They analyze the nature and motivation of Emilie du Châtelet's synthesis of Newtonian and Leibnitian philosophy. Apart from the Institutions Physiques they deal with Emilie du Châtelet's annotated translation of Isaac Newton's Principia. The chapters presented here collectively demonstrate that her work was an essential contribution to the mediation between empiricist and rationalist positions in the history of science.
Download or read book The Method of Newton s Polyhedron in the Theory of Partial Differential Equations written by S.G. Gindikin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume develops the method of Newton's polyhedron for solving some problems in the theory of partial differential equations. The content is divided into two parts. Chapters 1-4 consider Newton's polygon and Chapters 5-7 consider Newton's polyhedron. The case of the polygon makes it possible not only to consider general constructions in the two-dimensional case, but also leads to some natural multidimensional applications. Attention is mainly focused on a special class of hypoelliptic operators defined using Newton's polyhedron, energy estimates in Cauchy's problem relating to Newton's polyhedron, and generalized operators of principal type. Priority is given to the presentation of an algebraic technique which can be applied to many other problems as well. For researchers and graduate students whose work involves the theory of differential and pseudodifferential equations.
Download or read book Arts Mathematics Newton and Leibniz written by Open University and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analysis I written by Roger Godement and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functions in R and C, including the theory of Fourier series, Fourier integrals and part of that of holomorphic functions, form the focal topic of these two volumes. Based on a course given by the author to large audiences at Paris VII University for many years, the exposition proceeds somewhat nonlinearly, blending rigorous mathematics skilfully with didactical and historical considerations. It sets out to illustrate the variety of possible approaches to the main results, in order to initiate the reader to methods, the underlying reasoning, and fundamental ideas. It is suitable for both teaching and self-study. In his familiar, personal style, the author emphasizes ideas over calculations and, avoiding the condensed style frequently found in textbooks, explains these ideas without parsimony of words. The French edition in four volumes, published from 1998, has met with resounding success: the first two volumes are now available in English.
Download or read book Leibniz y Newton written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
