Download or read book Learning from Automation Surprises and Going Sour Accidents written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in technology and new levels of automation on commercial jet transports has had many effects. There have been positive effects from both an economic and a safety point of view. The technology changes on the flight deck also have had reverberating effects on many other aspects of the aviation system and different aspects of human performance. Operational experience, research investigations, incidents, and occasionally accidents have shown that new and sometimes surprising problems have arisen as well. What are these problems with cockpit automation, and what should we learn from them? Do they represent over-automation or human error? Or instead perhaps there is a third possibility - they represent coordination breakdowns between operators and the automation? Are the problems just a series of small independent glitches revealed by specific accidents or near misses? Do these glitches represent a few small areas where there are cracks to be patched in what is otherwise a record of outstanding designs and systems? Or do these problems provide us with evidence about deeper factors that we need to address if we are to maintain and improve aviation safety in a changing world? How do the reverberations of technology change on the flight deck provide insight into generic issues about developing human-centered technologies and systems (Winograd and Woods, 1997)? Based on a series of investigations of pilot interaction with cockpit automation (Sarter and Woods, 1992; 1994; 1995; 1997a, 1997 b), supplemented by surveys, operational experience and incident data from other studies (e.g., Degani et al., 1995; Eldredge et al., 1991; Tenney et al., 1995; Wiener, 1989), we too have found that the problems that surround crew interaction with automation are more than a series of individual glitches. These difficulties are symptoms that indicate deeper patterns and phenomena concerning human-machine cooperation and paths towards disaster. In addition, we find the same kinds of p...
Download or read book The Problem with Pilots written by Timothy P. Schultz and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- The pathology of flight -- Engineering the human machine -- Flying blind -- The changing role of the human component -- Flight without flyers -- The modern pilot, redefined -- New horizons of flight -- Conclusion: the past and future of pilots
Download or read book Human Factors for Engineers written by Carl Sandom and published by IET. This book was released on 2004-08-13 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book discusses human factors integration methodolgy and reviews the issues that underpin consideration of key topics such as human error, automation and human reliability assesment.
Download or read book Coping with Computers in the Cockpit written by Sidney Dekker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this volume examined how increasing cockpit automation in commercial fleets across the world has had a profound impact on the cognitive work that is carried out on the flight deck. Pilots have largely been transformed into supervisory controllers, managing a suite of human and automated resources. Operational and training requirements have changed, and the potential for human error and system breakdown has shifted. This compelling book critically examines how airlines, regulators, educators and manufacturers cope with these and other consequences of advanced aircraft automation.
Download or read book Crew Resource Management written by Earl L. Wiener and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-01-20 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Crew Resource Management continues to focus on CRM in the cockpit, but also emphasizes that the concepts and training applications provide generic guidance and lessons learned for a wide variety of "crews" in the aviation system as well as in the complex and high-risk operations of many non-aviation settings. Long considered the "bible" in this field, much of the basic style and structure of the previous edition of Crew Resource Management is retained in the new edition. Textbooks are often heavily supplemented with or replaced entirely by course packs in advanced courses in the aviation field, as it is essential to provide students with cutting edge information from academic researchers, government agencies (FAA), pilot associations, and technology (Boeing, ALION). This edited textbook offers ideal coverage with first-hand information from each of these perspectives. Case examples, which are particularly important given the dangers inherent in real world aviation scenarios, are liberally supplied. An image collection and test bank make this the only text on the market with ancillary support. New material includes: international and cultural aspects of CRM; design and implementation of Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT); airline applications beyond the cockpit; spaceflight resource management; non-aviation applications; AQP; LOSA; and special issues pertaining to low-cost airline carriers. The second edition editors offer essential breath of experience in aviation human factors from multiple perspectives (academia, government, and private enterprise) and the contributors have all been chosen as experts in their fields who represent the diversity of the research of activities and organisational experience of CRM. The only CRM text on the market offering an up-to-date synthesis of primary source material New edition thoroughly updated and revised to include major new findings, complete with discussion of the international and cultural aspects of CRM, the design and implementation of LOFT Instructor website with testbank and image collection Liberal use of case examples
Download or read book Linking Expertise and Naturalistic Decision Making written by Eduardo Salas and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001-07-01 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains selected papers presented at the 1998 conference on Naturalistic Decision Making (NDM). The objectives of the conference were to: *make American researchers more aware of NDM research being conducted abroad, particularly in Europe; *connect NDM research with work in management and industry, to stretch beyond the military and paramilitary focus; and *formulate a more explicit connection between NDM and expertise. These objectives are reflected in the chapters of this volume.
Download or read book Cockpit Resource Management written by Earl L. Wiener and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1995-11-17 with total page 829 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cockpit Resource Management (CRM) has gained increased attention from the airline industry in recent years due to the growing number of accidents and near misses in airline traffic. This book, authored by the first generation of CRM experts, is the first comprehensive work on CRM. Cockpit Resource Management is a far-reaching discussion of crew coordination, communication, and resources from both within and without the cockpit. A valuable resource for commercialand military airline training curriculum, the book is also a valuable reference for business professionals who are interested in effective communication among interactive personnel. Key Features * Discusses international and cultural aspects of CRM * Examines the design and implementation of Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) * Explains CRM, LOFT, and cockpit automation * Provides a case history of CRM training which improved flight safety for a major airline
Download or read book Crew Resource Management written by Barbara G. Kanki and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of Crew Resource Management reflects advancements made in the conceptual foundation as well as the methods and approaches of applying CRM in the aviation industry. Because CRM training has the practical goal of enhancing flight safety through more effective flight crew performance, this new edition adapts itself to fit the users, the task, and operational and regulatory environments--all of which continually evolve. Each contributor examines techniques and presents cases that best illustrate CRM concepts and training. This book discusses the history and research foundation of CRM and also stresses the importance of making adaptive changes and advancements. New chapters include: CRM and Individual Resilience; Flight and Cabin Crew Teamwork: Improving Safety in Aviation: CRM and Risk Management/Safety Management Systems; and MRM for Technical Operations. This book provides a deep understanding of CRM--what it is, how it works, and how to practically implement an effective program. Addresses the expanded operating environment--pilots, flight attendants, maintenance, etc. Assists developers and practitioners in building effective programs Describes best practices and tools for supporting CRM training in individual organizations Highlights new advances and approaches to CRM Includes five completely new chapters
Download or read book International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Centered Aerospace Systems and Sustainability Applications written by Pedro Arezes and Susana Costa and published by AHFE International. This book was released on 2023-07-19 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023), July 20–24, 2023, San Francisco, USA
Download or read book Cognitive Engineering in the Aviation Domain written by Nadine B. Sarter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-09-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although cognitive engineering has gained widespread acceptance as one of the most promising approaches to addressing and preventing difficulties with human-machine coordination and collaboration, it still meets with considerable skepticism and resistance in some of the industries that could benefit from its insights and recommendations. The challe
Download or read book Agent Autonomy written by Henry Hexmoor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomy is a characterizing notion of agents, and intuitively it is rather unambiguous. The quality of autonomy is recognized when it is perceived or experienced, yet it is difficult to limit autonomy in a definition. The desire to build agents that exhibit a satisfactory quality of autonomy includes agents that have a long life, are highly independent, can harmonize their goals and actions with humans and other agents, and are generally socially adept. Agent Autonomy is a collection of papers from leading international researchers that approximate human intuition, dispel false attributions, and point the way to scholarly thinking about autonomy. A wide array of issues about sharing control and initiative between humans and machines, as well as issues about peer level agent interaction, are addressed.
Download or read book Advances in Human Aspects of Transportation Part I written by Neville Stanton and published by AHFE International (USA). This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human Factors and Ergonomics have made a considerable contribution to the research, design, development, operation and analysis of transportation systems which includes road and rail vehicles and their complementary infrastructure, aviation and maritime transportation. This book presents recent advances in the Human Factors aspects of Transportation. These advances include accident analysis, automation of vehicles, comfort, distraction of drivers (understanding of distraction and how to avoid it), environmental concerns, in-vehicle systems design, intelligent transport systems, methodological developments, new systems and technology, observational and case studies, safety, situation awareness, skill development and training, warnings and workload. This book brings together the most recent human factors work in the transportation domain, including empirical research, human performance and other types of modeling, analysis, and development. The issues facing engineers, scientists, and other practitioners of human factors in transportation research are becoming more challenging and more critical. The common theme across these sections is that they deal with the intersection of the human and the system. Moreover, many of the chapter topics cross section boundaries, for instance by focusing on function allocation in NextGen or on the safety benefits of a tower controller tool. This is in keeping with the systemic nature of the problems facing human factors experts in rail and road, aviation and maritime research– it is becoming increasingly important to view problems not as isolated issues that can be extracted from the system environment, but as embedded issues that can only be understood as a part of an overall system.
Download or read book The Occupational Ergonomics Handbook written by Waldemar Karwowski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-12-18 with total page 2092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Occupational ergonomics and safety studies the application of human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design, testing, and evaluation of tools, machines, systems, tasks, jobs, and environments for productive, safe, comfortable, and effective use. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook provides current, comprehensive knowledge in this broad field, providing essential, state-of-the-art information from nearly 150 international leaders of this discipline. The text assesses the knowledge and expertise applied to industrial environments: Providing engineering guidelines for redesigning tools, machines, and work layouts Evaluating the demands placed on workers by current jobs Simulating alternative work methods Determining the potential for reducing physical job demands based on the implementation of new methods Topics also include: Fundamental ergonomic design principles at work Work-related musculoskeletal injuries, such as cumulative trauma to the upper extremity (CTDs) and low back disorders (LBDs), which affect several million workers each year with total costs exceeding $100 billion annually Current knowledge used for minimizing human suffering, potential for occupational disability, and related worker's compensation costs Working conditions under which musculoskeletal injuries might occur Engineering design measures for eliminating or reducing known job-risk factors Optimal manufacturing processes regarding human perceptual and cognitive abilities as well as task reliability Identifying the worker population affected by adverse conditions Early medical and work intervention efforts Economics of an ergonomics maintenance program Ergonomics as an essential cost to doing business Ergonomics intervention includes design for manufacturability, total quality management, and work organization. Occupational Ergonomics Handbook demonstrates how ergonomics serves as a vital component for the activities of the company and enables an advantageous cooperation between management and labor. This new handbook serves a broad segment of industrial practitioners, including industrial and manufacturing engineers; managers; plant supervisors and ergonomics professionals; researchers and students from academia, business, and government; human factors and safety specialists; physical therapists; cognitive and work psychologists; sociologists; and human-computer communications specialists.
Download or read book Advances in Human Aspects of Aviation written by Steven J. Landry and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-07-11 with total page 661 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the very earliest years of aviation, it was clear that human factors were critical to the success and safety of the system. As aviation has matured, the system has become extremely complex. Bringing together the most recent human factors work in the aviation domain, Advances in Human Aspects of Aviation covers the design of aircrafts for the comfort and well being of the passenger. The book discusses strategies and guidelines for maximizing comfort, the design of aircrafts including cockpit design, and the training and work schedules for flight attendants and pilots. It is becoming increasingly important to view problems not as isolated issues that can be extracted from the system environment, but as embedded issues that can only be understood as a part of an overall system. In keeping with a system that is vast in its scope and reach, the chapters in this book cover a wide range of topics, including: Interface and operations issues from the perspectives of pilots and air traffic controllers, respectively. Specific human performance issues, studied from within the context of the air transportation system Issues related to automation and the delineation of function between automation and human within the current and future system The U.S. air traffic modernization effort, called NextGen Diverse modeling perspectives and methods Safety and ethics as driving factors for change Cognition and work overload Empirical research and evaluation of the air transportation domain As air traffic modernization efforts begin to vastly increase the capacity of the system, the issues facing engineers, scientists, and other practitioners of human factors are becoming more challenging and more critical. Reflecting road themes and trends in this field, the book documents the latest research in this area.
Download or read book Terrorism written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resilience Engineering in Practice written by Jean Pariès and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-15 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience engineering has since 2004 attracted widespread interest from industry as well as academia. Practitioners from various fields, such as aviation and air traffic management, patient safety, off-shore exploration and production, have quickly realised the potential of resilience engineering and have became early adopters. The continued development of resilience engineering has focused on four abilities that are essential for resilience. These are the ability a) to respond to what happens, b) to monitor critical developments, c) to anticipate future threats and opportunities, and d) to learn from past experience - successes as well as failures. Working with the four abilities provides a structured way of analysing problems and issues, as well as of proposing practical solutions (concepts, tools, and methods). This book is divided into four main sections which describe issues relating to each of the four abilities. The chapters in each section emphasise practical ways of engineering resilience and feature case studies and real applications. The text is written to be easily accessible for readers who are more interested in solutions than in research, but will also be of interest to the latter group.
