Download or read book Leaching Studies of Cement based Low level Radioactive Waste Forms written by H. Arora and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Leaching studies of cement based low level radioactive waste forms written by H. Arora and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cement Based Materials for Nuclear Waste Storage written by Florence Bart and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the re-emergence of nuclear power as an acceptable energy source on an international basis continues, the need for safe and reliable ways to dispose of radioactive waste becomes ever more critical. The ultimate goal for designing a predisposal waste-management system depends on producing waste containers suitable for storage, transportation and permanent disposal. Cement-Based Materials for Nuclear-Waste Storage provides a roadmap for the use of cementation as an applied technique for the treatment of low- and intermediate-level radioactive wastes. Coverage includes, but is not limited to, a comparison of cementation with other solidification techniques, advantages of calcium-silicate cements over other materials and a discussion of the long-term suitability and safety of waste packages as well as cement barriers.
Download or read book Leaching Studies of Low level Radioactive Waste Forms written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A research program has been underway at the Brookhaven National Laboratory to investigate the release of radionuclides from low-level waste forms under laboratory conditions. This paper describes the leaching behavior of Cs-137 from two major low-level waste streams, that is, ion exchange bead resin and boric acid concentrate, solidified in Portland cement. The resultant leach data are employed to evaluate and predict the release behavior of Cs-137 from low-level waste forms under field burial conditions.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Waste Forms Technology and Performance written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-05 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Department of Energy's Office of Environmental Management (DOE-EM) is responsible for cleaning up radioactive waste and environmental contamination resulting from five decades of nuclear weapons production and testing. A major focus of this program involves the retrieval, processing, and immobilization of waste into stable, solid waste forms for disposal. Waste Forms Technology and Performance, a report requested by DOE-EM, examines requirements for waste form technology and performance in the cleanup program. The report provides information to DOE-EM to support improvements in methods for processing waste and selecting and fabricating waste forms. Waste Forms Technology and Performance places particular emphasis on processing technologies for high-level radioactive waste, DOE's most expensive and arguably most difficult cleanup challenge. The report's key messages are presented in ten findings and one recommendation.
Download or read book Intermediate and Low Level Nuclear Waste Stabilisation electronic Resource Carbonation of Cement based Wasteforms written by Sean A. Andreou and published by University of Waterloo. This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbonation is a naturally-occurring process whereby Ca-containing cement phases lose their hydration water and are converted to carbonate minerals by reaction with atmospheric CO?. As these secondary minerals develop in the microstructure of hydrated cement, porosity, pore-size distribution and permeability are decreased. These are all considered desirable properties in a wasteform. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of carbonation and different pozzolans on the leach performance and mechanical strength of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) wasteforms. Two methods of accelerated cement carbonation were used: 1.A vacuum carbonation method, where wasteforms are placed in an evacuated, sealed cell and subjected to small additions of CO? over several days at near vacuum conditions; and 2.A one-step carbonation method, where CO? gas is added to the wasteform paste as it is being mixed. Thirteen elemental constituents of interest to the safety assessments of long-term management of Ontario Power Generation's radioactive waste (Cl, N, S, Se, 13C, Th, Pb, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Ba and Cs) were stabilised/solidified via cement mix water. Wasteforms were produced with only OPC, OPC and fly ash, or OPC and silica fume. Most wasteforms were carbonated using one of the carbonation methods. Some wasteforms were not carbonated and served as controls. Wasteforms were subjected to either standard leach tests or compressive strength tests. The extent of carbonation was found to be about 20% for vacuum carbonation method, substantially higher than that for one-step treatment (up to about 10%). For vacuum carbonated wasteforms, carbonation occurred at the outer selvages of the wasteforms, whereas one-step treatment resulted in homogenous carbonation. Generally, compared to uncarbonated OPC wasteforms, vacuum carbonation increased leaching of elements that are anionic in cementitious conditions (Cl, N, S, Se, 13C, Th), decreased leaching of large metal cations (Sr, Ba, Cs, Pb) and had negligible effect on the leaching of the elements that form hydroxyl complexes (Co, Ni, Cu). 13C was the only anionic element whose leachability was reduced by vacuum carbonation, as it may be precipitated in the form CO32- in the large quantity of secondary carbonate minerals produced during the vacuum carbonation process. One-step carbonation did not result in substantial reductions in leachability, compared to uncarbonated OPC wasteforms. However, it had an interesting inverse effect on large metal cation leachability from fly ash- and silica fume-containing wasteforms. A model is presented that proposes that porewater pH changes can have an effect on waste element leachability because 1) the C-S-H Ca/Si ratio is dependent on the equilibrating porewater pH and 2) the degree of ion sorption on C-S-H is dependent on the C-S-H Ca/Si ratio. This model should be tested experimentally as it has important implications on wasteform design. Because of this inverse behaviour, overall neither pozzolan outperformed the other with respect to leachability. Generally, for uncarbonated wasteforms, OPC retained the elements more effectively than OPC with pozzolans. For pozzolans, the leachability of these elements from OPC with fly ash was lower than that of OPC with silica fume. Leaching of Cs was anomalously low from uncarbonated OPC wasteforms, but follow-up experimentation did not corroborate this anomaly. Further testing of these wasteforms to determine how the mineralogical fate of Cs can differ between wasteforms is recommended. All wasteforms tested were of acceptable strength (
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Download or read book Low level Radioactive Waste Research Program Plan written by Edward O'Donnell and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Moisture Content of Sand on Leach Rates from Cement and Bitumen Radioactive Waste Forms in a Shallow Ground Repository written by Buckley, L. P and published by Chalk River, Ont. : Chalk River Laboratories. This book was released on 1992 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: AECL is planning to construct the Intrusion Resistant Underground Structure (IRUS) low- and intermediate-level nuclear waste repository.It is a shallow ground repository with sand as backfill and in a sandy environment. The safety assessment of this repository requires data about the migration of radionuclides, and that became one of the objectives of this investigation. The work reported here deals with the first step in a series of supposed events: the release (leaching) of radioactivity from the waste form to the surrounding soil.
Download or read book Geochemical Analysis of Leachates from Cement low level Radioactive Waste soil Systems written by Louise J. Criscenti and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Geological Survey Circular written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Temperature on the Leaching Behavior of Cement Waste Forms written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leaching mechanisms of simulated low-level radioactive waste forms are being determined as support for development of an accelerated leach test. Two approaches are being used: (1) comparisons of leaching data with results of a model that describes diffusion from a finite cylinder, and (2) observation of the leaching process at temperatures between 20°C and 65°C. To provide results that can be used for modeling, leaching at elevated temperatures must change neither the leaching mechanism nor the structural controls of leaching such as the porosity. Releases of 137Cs, 85Sr, calcium, sodium and potassium from portland cement containing sodium sulfate, as a simulated evaporator sludge, have been determined under a variety of experimental conditions. Data from the leach tests were compared to model results for diffusion from the finite cylinder. While most leaching appears to be diffusion controlled, notable exceptions occur. For all samples activation energies ranging between 6 and 11 Kcal/mole have been calculated from the relationship of the effective diffusion coefficient to increasing temperature, close to the expected value of 5 Kcal/mole for diffusion. 11 refs., 4 figs., 2 tabs.
Download or read book Stabilization solidification of CERCLA and RCRA Wastes written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Processing and Disposal written by U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 908 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
