Download or read book Le bois nergie pour les centres urbains en R publique D mocratique du Congo written by Jolien Schure and published by Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR). This book was released on 2012-01-11 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les décideurs politiques doivent reconnaître l’ampleur et la valeur du secteur du bois énergie et son importance pour un grand nombre de personnes. Les récolteurs et les producteurs doivent bénéficier d’un accès amélioré aux arbres et aux terrains afin de promouvoir une meilleure gestion et de réduire les conflits. Il faut réviser le système des taxes sur le bois énergie de façon à le rendre transparent et pragmatique. Il faut préférer le bois énergie provenant des forêts de plantation et de l’agroforesterie à celui issu d’essences d’arbres de valeur ou menacées. Il est nécessaire de s’intéresser davantage aux fours de carbonisation et aux foyers de cuisine à faible consommation d’énergie, et de soutenir les activités permettant de promouvoir leur utilisation. Les options de gestion qui combinent l’agroforesterie, les plantations et l’amélioration de l’efficacité énergétique exigent la collaboration de différents secteurs : ceux de l’énergie, la forêt, l’aménagement du territoire et l’agriculture.
Download or read book Quand la ville mange la for t written by Émilien Dubiez and published by Editions Quae. This book was released on 2013 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "L'Afrique est confrontée à deux défis majeurs liés à l'augmentation extrêmement rapide de sa population : Comment fournir des aliments en quantités toujours plus abondantes et comment approvisionner ces populations en énergie nécessaire en particulier à la cuisson des aliments ? Ces enjeux dépassent largement le seul continent africain. D'une part, cela suppose d'agrandir les surfaces agricoles, souvent aux dépens de la forêt dont les sols sont les plus fertiles. D'autre part, le bois provenant de ces défriches agricoles est utilisé comme bois de feu ou transformé en charbon de bois. Avec le très fort accroissement des populations à nourrir, les jachères ne sont plus aussi longues, la terre s'appauvrit et le bois est de plus en plus rare : il faut aller toujours plus loin de la ville tentaculaire pour chercher nourriture et bois - énergie. Soutenu par l'Union européenne, le projet Makala " Gérer durablement la ressource bois - énergie en Afrique centrale " a été entrepris pour comprendre et quantifier ce problème et proposer des solutions afin d'enrayer le cycle infernal de la dégradation de l'environnement et la difficulté d'approvisionnement en énergie domestique. Les résultats de ce projet réalisé de 2009 à 2013, à Kinshasa et à Kinsangani en République démocratique du Congo et à Brazzaville en République du Congo, constituent le coeur de cet ouvrage. Sont présentés tout d'abord l'état de la consommation en bois - énergie des grandes villes, particulièrement le bassin d'approvisionnement de Kinshasa, puis des outils indispensables à une bonne gestion de la ressource en bois, donc utiles à la gestion des arbres et de la forêt. Ensuite, sont proposés les modèles de gestion de cette ressource élaborés dans le cadre de ce projet. Enfin, les auteurs élaborent des perspectives d'avenir et des pistes de réflexions afin d'apporter des réponses aux besoins en alimentation et en ressources en bois - énergie dans ces régions dans une optique de développement durable."
Download or read book Impact de l utilisation de l nergie bois dans la ville province de Kinshasa en R publique d mocratique du Congo RDC written by Nicolas Shuku Onemba and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book D forestation et d gradation des for ts dans le Bassin du Congo written by Bérenger Tchatchou and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-02-12 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le Bassin du Congo couvre le Cameroun, la République centrafricaine, la République démocratique du Congo, la République du Congo, la Guinée équatoriale et le Gabon. Il comprend environ 70 % de la couverture forestière de lAfrique. Sur les 530 millions dhectares du Bassin du Congo, 300 millions sont couverts par la forêt constituée à plus de 99 % de forêts primaires ou naturellement régénérées, par opposition aux plantations.
Download or read book Deforestation and forest degradation in the Congo Basin State of knowledge current causes and perspectives written by Bérenger Tchatchou and published by CIFOR. This book was released on 2015-12-02 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congo Basin comprises Cameroon, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. It covers close to 70% of the forestlands of Africa. Of the 530 million hectares in the Congo Basin, 300 million are composed of forests: 99% of these are primary or naturally regenerated forests, as opposed to plantations.
Download or read book Living in and from the forests of Central Africa written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Living in and from the forests of Central Africa is intended first and foremost as a full-scale extension tool concerning NWFPs in Central Africa. It is a work on the groups who have always lived in these forests, forests that contribute to every aspect of their daily lives, both material and spiritual, and enable them to survive even in periods of extreme crisis.
Download or read book Report of the ECA Mission on Economic Co operation in Central Africa written by United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa and published by New York : United Nations. This book was released on 1966 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tribology of Diamond like Carbon Films written by Christophe Donnet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-06 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights some of the most important structural, chemical, mechanical and tribological characteristics of DLC films. It is particularly dedicated to the fundamental tribological issues that impact the performance and durability of these coatings. The book provides reliable and up-to-date information on available industrial DLC coatings and includes clear definitions and descriptions of various DLC films and their properties.
Download or read book The Forests of the Congo Basin written by Carlos de Wasseige and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2010 State of the Forest report (SOF) benefited from financial support from the European Union, the United States, Germany, France and UNESCO. It represents the collaborative effort of over 100 individuals from a diversity of institutions and the forestry administrations of the Central African countries. The SOF process began with the selection and definition of indicators relevant to monitoring the state of forests in Central Africa. The indicators are structured around three thematic areas: (i) forest cover; (ii) management of production forests; and (iii) conservation and biodiversity. They are presented in a hierarchical structure at the regional, national and management unit (i.e. logging concessions and protected areas) levels. The indicators were vetted by a representative panel of stakeholders of forest management in Central Africa. The indicators are used to guide an annual data collection process carried out between April and August by national groups of four to ten individuals working within the forestry administrations. The data reported on in the 2010 SOF were primarily collected in 2009 and 2010. Results were validated in national workshops attended by government officials as well as representatives of environmental NGOs, the private sector and development projects. The data provided an important basis for the authors of the 11 chapters of the 2010 SOF, which were under the coordination of a scientific committee of international renown. A final workshop was held 29-30 March, 2011 in Douala to review a draft report. Following amendments based on comments from a wide audience of experts the final layout was completed.
Download or read book Governing Africa s Forests in a Globalized World written by Laura Anne German and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many countries around the world are engaged in decentralization processes, and most African countries face serious problems with forest governance, from benefits sharing to illegality and sustainable forest management. This book summarizes experiences to date on the extent and nature of decentralization and its outcomes - most of which suggest an underperformance of governance reforms - and explores the viability of different governance instruments in the context of weak governance and expanding commercial pressures over forests. Findings are grouped into two thematic areas: decentralization, livelihoods and sustainable forest management; and international trade, finance and forest sector governance reforms. The authors examine diverse forces shaping the forest sector, including the theory and practice of decentralization, usurpation of authority, corruption and illegality, inequitable patterns of benefits capture and expansion of international trade in timber and carbon credits, and discuss related outcomes on livelihoods, forest condition and equity. The book builds on earlier volumes exploring different dimensions of decentralization and perspectives from other world regions, and distills dimensions of forest governance that are both unique to Africa and representative of broader global patterns. The authors ground their analysis in relevant theory while drawing out implications of their findings for policy and practice.
Download or read book The State in Africa written by Jean-François Bayart and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1993 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the role and structure of the state in Africa. Amongst the areas considered are: the genesis of the state; the decision to pursue conservative modernization or social revolution; the formation of an historic postcolonial bloc; and entrepreneurs, factions and political networks.
Download or read book Protected Area Management written by Barbara Sladonja and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-08-08 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protected areas are at the base of the most national and international conservation strategies. Due to the many unpredictable elements in ecology matters, each protected area requires a case-specific set of guidelines but a common issue is how to cope with human interaction. The management of protected areas is replete with challenges and the only way to gain understanding and achieve greater management possibilities is to exchange experiences and knowledge. Environmental managers are aware of that and together with scientists are looking for more modern and better solutions, both with respect to natural resources and human interactions in many issues regarding nature protection. This publication presents reviews and research results on protected areas management, as well as 12 case studies derived from around the world with the aim of improving management effectiveness of the protected areas.
Download or read book Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources written by Dieter Deublein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-18 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written as a practical introduction to biogas plant design and operation, this book fills a huge gap by presenting a systematic guide to this emerging technology -- information otherwise only available in poorly intelligible reports by US governmental and other official agencies. The author draws on teaching material from a university course as well as a wide variety of industrial biogas projects he has been involved with, thus combining didactical skill with real-life examples. Alongside biological and technical aspects of biogas generation, this timely work also looks at safety and legal aspects as well as environmental considerations.
Download or read book Bananas and Food Security written by Claudine Picq and published by Bioversity International. This book was released on 1999 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Importance de la banane sur les plans economique et alimentaire; Diversite et dynamique des filieres; Organisation des marches et commercialisation; Systemes de productions/production systems.
Download or read book 2nd Pan African Symposium on the Sustainable Use of Natural Resources in Africa written by Bihini won wa Musiti and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bilingual publication results from a four-day symposium aimed at capturing the general directions and analytical issues that characterize approaches to sustainable use in Africa. The papers included in this work are organized under four major headings: modes of use, devolution, scale issues and external issues. Authors explore these themes through the use of case studies and the description of specific regional experiences. External issues are further explored in a series of commissioned policy papers which have also been included.
Download or read book Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes written by J. Mata-Alvarez and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-08-31 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomethanization of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes is a comprehensive introduction to both the fundamentals and the more practical aspects of the anaerobic digestion of organic solid wastes, particularly those derived from households, that is, the organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW). It can be used as a textbook for specialized courses and also as a guide for practitioners. In the first part, the book covers the relevant aspects of anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic wastes. The fundamentals and kinetic aspects of AD are reviewed with particular emphasis on the aspects related to solid wastes. This introduction is necessary to have a comprehensive view of the AD process and to understand the practical principles as well as the origin of possible problems arising from the management of the process. Chapter 2 emphasizes the role of kinetics in designing the reactor, paying special attention to existing models, particularly the dynamic ones. Through this introduction, it is intended to facilitate the technology transfer from laboratory or pilot plant experiences to full-scale process, in order to implement improvements in current digesters. Laboratory methods are described for the analysis and optimization of reactor performance, such as methanogenic activity tests or experimental evaluation of the biodegradation kinetics of solid organic waste. The different reaction patterns applied to industrial reactors are outlined. Industrial reactors are classified in accordance with the system they use, pointing out advantages and limitations. Co-digestion, enabling the co-treatment of organic wastes of different origin in a more economically feasible way, is described in detail. Examples of co-digestion are given, with OFMSW as a base-substrate. Finally, full-scale co-digestion plants are discussed. Various types (mechanical, biological, physico-chemical) of pre-treatment to increase the biodegradability, and thus the yields of the process, are reviewed in detail. The use of the fermentation products of anaerobic digesters for biological nutrient removal processes in wastewater treatment plants is described. This constitutes an example of integrated waste management, a field in which both economic and technical advances can be achieved. Balances are given to justify the approach, and a full-scale case study is presented. The important topic of economics and the ecological advantages of the process are emphasized. The use of compost, the integration with composting technology, and advantages over other technologies are detailed in the framework of an environmental impact assessment of biowaste treatment. Finally, the anaerobic digestion of MSW in landfills is reviewed in detail, with emphasis on landfill process enhancement and strategies for its application.
Download or read book Making States Work written by United Nations University and published by United Nations University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The point of departure for this collection of articles is the idea that there is a link between international peace and strong states respectful of human rights and robust civil societies. Presented by Chesterman (New York U. School of Law, US), Ignatieff (Harvard U.'s John F. Kennedy School of Government, US), and Thakur (United Nations Universi
