Download or read book Laser Surface Modification of AZ31B Mg Alloy Bio Implant Material written by Tso-chang Wu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnesium and its alloys are considered as the potential biomaterials due to their biocompatibility and biodegradable characteristics but suffer from poor corrosion performance. Various surface modification techniques are employed to improve their corrosion resistance. In present case, laser surface melting was carried out on AZ31B Mg alloy with various laser energy densities using a continuous wave ytterbium laser. Effect of laser treatment on phase and microstructure evolution was evaluated by X ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Multi-physics thermal model predicted time temperature evolution along the depth of the laser treatment zone. Additionally, electrochemical method and bio-immersion test were employed to evaluate the corrosion behavior in simulated body fluid medium. Microstructure revealed grain refinement and even distribution of Mg17Al12 phase along the grain boundary for laser treated samples leading to substantial enhancement in the corrosion resistance of the laser treated samples compared to the untreated alloy. The laser processed samples also possessed a superior wettability in SBF solution than the untreated sample. This was further reflected in enhanced bio-integration behavior of laser processed samples. By changing the parameters of laser processing such as power, scanning speed, and fill spacing, a controllable corrosion resistance and bioactivity/biocompatibility of the implant material was achieved.

Download or read book Laser Surface Treatment of Bio Implant Materials written by Liang Hao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-11-18 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biomaterials technology industry is already well established in the western world and is growing rapidly within Asian Pacific nations. It is often described as the ‘next electronics industry’, whilst the laser is described as a ‘solution looking for a problem’. This book describes the use of the laser to solve a troublesome and costly problem in a rapidly growing global industry. The authors have spent many years conducting research using laser materials processing and wettability characteristics and have perfected a technique to improve the bio-compatibility of various bone-implant materials using laser irradiation. They have made pioneering discoveries on the subject and established some generic theories and principals that will have a wide range of applications in the biomaterials field. Introduces inter-disciplinary research work covering laser materials processing and surface modification of biomaterials for enhanced compatibility. Includes highly scientific and novel research material. Serves both as a practitioner guide and a reference book. Covers an exciting and rapidly developing area of technology that is of keen interest to engineers and clinicians alike. Laser Surface Treatment of Bio-Implant Materials is rare in providing a reference source that describes specifically a mechanical engineering solution to a biotechnology problem. It serves as both a practitioner guide and a medium to high-level reference text book, and as such is a reference source for the engineer practising or looking to move into the biomaterials field, undergraduate and post graduate students and those conducting bio-related research in either academia or industry. It will prove useful to mechanical engineers, biotechnologists, biomechanical engineers, metallurgists, clinicians and even surgeons.

Download or read book Electrochemical Impedance written by John R. Scully and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collection of twenty-seven papers published has been grouped into six major categories : corrosion process characterization and modeling, applications of Kramers-Kronig transformations for evaluating the validity of data, corrosion and its inhibition by either corrosion products of specially added inhibitors, corrosion of aluminum and aluminum alloys, corrosion of steel in soils and concrete, and evaluation of coatings on metal substrates.

Download or read book Surface Modification of Magnesium and its Alloys for Biomedical Applications written by T.S.N. Sankara Narayanan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-01-08 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface modification of magnesium and its alloys for biomedical applications: Biological interactions, mechanical properties and testing, the first of two volumes, is an essential guide on the use of magnesium as a degradable implant material. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, magnesium based degradable implants provide a viable option for the permanent metallic implants. This volume focuses on the fundamental concepts of surface modification of magnesium, its biological interactions, mechanical properties and, in vitro and in vivo testing. The contents of volume 1 is organized and presented in three parts. Part 1 reviews the fundamental aspects of surface modification of magnesium, including surface design, opportunities, challenges and its role in revolutionizing biodegradable biomaterials. Part 2 addresses the biological and mechanical properties covering an in vivo approach to the bioabsorbable behavior of magnesium alloys, mechanical integrity and, the effects of amino acids and proteins on the performance of surface modified magnesium. Part 3 delves in to testing and characterization, exploring the biocompatibility and effects on fatigue life alongside the primary characteristics of surface modified magnesium. All chapters are written by experts, this two volume series provides systematic and thorough coverage of all major modification technologies and coating types of magnesium and its alloys for biomedical applications. Expert analysis of the fundamentals in surface modification of magnesium and its alloys for biomedical applications Includes biological interactions and mechanical properties Focuses on testing and characterisation, as well as biocompatibility

Download or read book Laser Surface Modification of Alloys for Corrosion and Erosion Resistance written by C T Kwok and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-03-20 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion and erosion processes often occur synergistically to cause serious damage to metal alloys. Laser surface modification techniques such as laser surface melting or alloying are being increasingly used to treat surfaces to prevent corrosion or repair corroded or damaged components. Laser surface modification of alloys for corrosion and erosion resistance reviews the wealth of recent research on these important techniques and their applications. After an introductory overview, part one reviews the use of laser surface melting and other techniques to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless and other steels as well as nickel-titanium and a range of other alloys. Part two covers the use of laser surface modification to prevent different types of erosion, including liquid impingement, slurry (solid particle) and electrical erosion as well as laser remanufacturing of damaged components. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Laser surface modification of alloys for corrosion and erosion resistance is a standard reference for all those concerned with preventing corrosion and erosion damage in metallic components in sectors as diverse as energy production and electrical engineering. Reviews recent research on the use of laser surface modification techniques, including the prevention of corrosion and repair of corroded or damaged components Discusses the techniques for improving the corrosion resistance of steels, nickel-titanium and a range of alloys Analyses the use of laser surface modification to prevent different types of erosion, including liquid impingement and laser remanufacturing of damaged components

Download or read book Nanomaterials and Their Biomedical Applications written by Tuhin Subhra Santra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-16 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the evolution of, and novel challenges currently facing, nanomaterials science, nanoengineering, and nanotechnology, and their applications and development in the biological and biomedical fields. It details different nanoscale and nanostructured materials syntheses, processing, characterization, and applications, and considers improvements that can be made in nanostructured materials with their different biomedical applications. The book also briefly covers the state of the art of different nanomaterials design, synthesis, fabrication and their potential biomedical applications. It will be particularly useful for reading and research purposes, especially for science and engineering students, academics, and industrial researchers.

Download or read book The Role of Surface Modification on Bacterial Adhesion of Bio implant Materials written by Santhosh Kumar S and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-09 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Role of Surface Modification on Bacterial Adhesion of Bio-implant Materials: Machining, Characterization, and Applications, explores the relationship between the surface roughness of artificial implants used for hard tissue replacement and their bacterial adhesion. It summarizes the reason for the failure of implants, the mechanisms of bacterial formation on implant surfaces, and the fundamental and established methods of implant surface modification techniques. It provides readers with an organized and rational representation about implant manufacturing and mechanical surface modification. It also explores the use of developed unidirectional abrasive flow finishing processes to finish biomaterials at the nano-level. It is an invaluable guide for academics, graduate students, biomaterial scientists, and manufacturing engineers researching implants, related infections, and implant manufacturing. Key Features: Explores implant related infections Discusses surface modification techniques Contains information on the mechanical finishing processes and complete guide on developed cutting edge unidirectional abrasive flow finishing technology

Download or read book Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys written by G L Song and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of magnesium alloys is increasing in a range of applications, and their popularity is growing wherever lightweight materials are needed. This book provides a comprehensive account of the corrosion of magnesium alloys. It covers not only the corrosion performances and mechanisms of Mg alloys in conventional environments, such as sodium chloride solutions, but also looks at their corrosion behaviours in special media, like engine coolants and simulated body fluids. Part one covers fundamentals such as the corrosion electrochemistry, activity and passivity of magnesium and its alloys. Part two then considers the metallurgical effect in relation to the corrosion of magnesium alloys, including the role of micro-structure and earth-rare elements, the corrosion behaviour of magnesium-based bulk metallic glasses, and the corrosion of innovative magnesium alloys. Part three goes on to describe environmental influences on the corrosion of magnesium alloys, such as atmospheric corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, creep and fatigue behaviour, and galvanic corrosion. Finally, part four is concerned with various means of protecting magnesium alloys against corrosion through the use of aluminium electrodeposition, conversion and electrophoretic coatings, and anodisation. With its distinguished editor and team of contributors, this book is an invaluable resource for metallurgists, engineers and designers working with magnesium and its alloys, as well as professionals in the aerospace and automotive industries.

Download or read book Magnesium Biomaterials written by Nicholas Travis Kirkland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-12 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnesium Biomaterials provides a succinct up-to-date overview of Magnesium biomaterial development, critically examines the types of in vitro experiments that may be performed, and investigates the numerous variables that affect Magnesium biodegradation when undertaking these experiments. This work also discusses the direction in which current Magnesium biomaterial development is heading and the necessary steps for future development of this field. Information is drawn from numerous multi-disciplinary sources to provide a coherent and critical overview. Magnesium Biomaterials is ideal for researchers in the area of bio-Mg, companies interested in exploring their own alloys, and for researchers working with other biodegradable materials who are seeking a cross-platform understanding of material performance.

Download or read book Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications written by Inamuddin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-16 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alloy Materials and Their Allied Applications provides an in-depth overview of alloy materials and applications. The 11 chapters focus on the fabrication methods and design of corrosion-resistant, magnetic, biodegradable, and shape memory alloys. The industrial applications in the allied areas, such as biomedical, dental implants, abrasive finishing, surface treatments, photocatalysis, water treatment, and batteries, are discussed in detail. This book will help readers solve fundamental and applied problems faced in the field of allied alloys applications.

Download or read book Processing Surface Integrity and Performance of Biodegradable Magnesium calcium Implants by Laser Shock Peening written by Michael Patrick Sealy and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, several million people suffer bone fractures caused by accidents or age related diseases in the U.S. alone. The annual incidence of bone fractures is expected to escalate in the coming years due increased life expectancy. The aggregate cost of treating bone fractures is estimated at a staggering $220 billion per year with an annual growth rate of 12%. Many of those fractures have to be surgically fixed by orthopedic implants to replace and act as missing biological structures. However, some patients require a secondary surgery to revise or often remove an implant which has failed. This imposes a heavy burden on the national healthcare system. Implants fail because they are designed to be permanent fixtures attached to bone; however, current implant materials made from titanium, stainless steel, or cobalt-chromium alloys cause stress shielding when left permanently in place. Stress shielding arises when metal implants carry the majority of stress because of their much higher Young's modulus than that of bone. As a consequence, bones are in a reduced stress state which allows them to become brittle and weak over time. Weakened bones are more susceptible to re-fracture and could potentially dislodge an implant causing severe harm and discomfort to a patient. There is a need for a biomaterial that is not permanent because it has the capability to degrade. This reduces stress shielding over time as well as the need for a second removal surgery. The similar mechanical properties of magnesium (Mg) to bone indicate it is an ideal implant material to minimize the damaging effects of stress shielding. Mg alloy implants have the ability to gradually dissolve and absorb into the human body after implantation. Mg alloys as a biodegradable implant material have the potential to minimize stress shielding as well as eliminate the need for secondary surgery while providing both biocompatibility and adequate mechanical properties. The critical issue that hinders the application of a Mg alloy implant is its rapid corrosion in human body fluids. Since corrosion occurs too quickly, mechanical properties cannot be maintained long enough for bone to properly heal. Therefore, how to control the biodegradation rate of Mg-based implants to make them commercially viable for orthopaedic applications is a critical technical barrier to realizing its great socioeconomic benefits. Laser shock peening (LSP) is an innovative surface treatment to impart deep compressive residual stresses and a surface topography across a broad area on an implant. The high compressive residual stress has great potential to slow corrosion rates and improve wear and fatigue performance. Also, the peened surface topography has the potential to promote bone ingrowth and attachment. The goal of this work is to develop and evaluate LSP as an enabling manufacturing process to control the corrosion and fatigue performance of a degradable magnesium-calcium (MgCa) implant by imparting a unique surface integrity. Fabricating such a unique surface integrity for various types of orthopedic implants relies on the peening process parameters such as laser power and the peening overlap. Unique surface integrities were fabricated by changing the laser power from 3 W to 8 W as well as changing the dent overlap ratio from 25%, 50%, and 75%. The effects of LSP on surface integrity, corrosion, and fatigue were investigated. The surface integrity was characterized by topography, microstructure, microhardness, and residual stress. Corrosion rate was assessed by potentiodynamic polarization in Hank's solution. Fatigue life was measured by rotating bending fatigue test in air. LSP reduced the corrosion rate for every tested condition. Also, LSP increased the fatigue life for every tested condition. LSP at high peening overlap ratios reduced the tensile pile-up region which resulted in lower corrosion rates and the highest fatigue life. Low overlap ratios caused more surface area and more pile-up regions which translated to higher corrosion rates and reduced the fatigue life. Increasing the laser power increased the surface roughness and the size of the pile-up region which caused the corrosion rate to increase. Also, surface topography and corrosion rate models have been established based on finite element analysis (FEA) and linear regression analysis, respectively. Therefore, a manufacturing process was developed that controlled the performance of a degradable MgCa implant within the ranges needed for orthopedic applications. In addition, this research has begun modeling the relationship between surface modification and clinical performance in order to be able to develop the next generation of orthopedic implants that can be tailored to degrade to meet individual patient's needs.

Download or read book Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation PEO Coatings written by Marta Mohedano and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also known as micro-arc oxidation (MAO), functionalizes surfaces, improving the mechanical, thermal, and corrosion performance of metallic substrates, along with other tailored properties (e.g., biocompatibility, catalysis, antibacterial response, self-lubrication, etc.). The extensive field of applications of this technique ranges from structural components, in particular, in the transport sector, to more advanced fields, such as bioengineering. The present Special Issue covers the latest advances in PEO‐coated light alloys for structural (Al, Mg) and biomedical applications (Ti, Mg), with 10 research papers and 1 review from leading research groups around the world.

Download or read book Hydroxyapatite and Related Materials written by Paul W. Brown and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Audience Applied biomathematicians, orthopedists, clinical orthopedists.

Download or read book ASM Specialty Handbook written by M. M. Avedesian and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ASM Handbook is the most comprehensive collection of engineering information on this important structural material published in the last sixty years. Prepared with the cooperation of the International Magnesium Association, it presents the current industrial practices and provides information and data about the properties and performance of magnesium alloys. Materials science and engineering are covered, including processing, properties, and commercial uses.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Materials Metals and Alloys written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern metallurgy is a fascinating field of research, full of discoveries, commercial opportunities and industrial utility. Encyclopedia of Materials: Metals and Alloys is a new, multidisciplinary reference work offering a comprehensive coverage of this exciting area, and consolidating research activities in all experimental and theoretical aspects of metallic materials, intermetallic compounds, alloys, blends and composites. Key focus is on those aspects of the science of metals concerned with their manufacturing, processing and fabrication, the relationship between the macro/micro/nanostructures and properties (mechanical, chemical, electrical, electrochemical, magnetic and optical), industrial application, surface modification and functionalization of metals – and, importantly, resource and supply chain issues, and life-cycle and sustainability practices. This title provides users with a single and unique reference source, incorporating elements from many different disciplines. An invaluable addition to any reference library of engineers, chemists and physicists, both from industry and academia. Comprehensive and accessible - offers users a ‘one stop’ comprehensive resource, providing contemporary reviews of current metallurgy research, and an insight into the future direction of the field Clearly structured - meticulously organized, chapters are split into 13 sections on key topics and clearly cross-referenced to allow students, researchers, and professionals to find relevant information quickly and easily Multidisciplinary - chapters written by academics and practitioners from various fields and regions ensure that the knowledge within is easily understood by, and applicable to, a large audience Contemporary content - emphasis is given to clean energy, green transport, healthcare and next-generation manufacturing

Download or read book Advanced Coatings for Corrosion Protection written by Wolfram Fürbeth and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-01-15 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion is a significant issue in many industrial fields. Among other strategies, coatings are by far the most important technology for corrosion protection of metallic surfaces. The Special Issue “Advanced Coatings for Corrosion Protection” has been launched as a means to present recent developments in any type of advanced coating for corrosion protection. This book compiles 15 contributions on metallic, inorganic, polymeric and nanoparticle enhanced coatings that provide corrosion protection as well as other functionalities.

Download or read book Laser Surface Treatments for Tribological Applications written by Jeyaprakash Natarajan and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference presents comprehensive information about laser surface treatments for tribological applications. Chapters of the book highlight the importance of laser technology in modifying materials to optimize the effects of friction and lubrication, by explaining a range of surface modification methods used in industries. These methods include hardening, melting, alloying, cladding and texturing. The knowledge in the book is intended to give an in-depth understanding about the role of laser technology in tribology and the manufacture of industrial materials and surfaces for special applications. Key Features: - 10 chapters on topics relevant to tribology and industrial applications of laser material processing - Comprehensively covers laser surface modification of metals and alloys - Explains a wide range of surface modification methods (hardening, melting, alloying, cladding and texturing) - Covers material and tribological characterization of surfaces - Presents information in a simple structured layout for easy reading, with introductory notes for learners - Provides references for further reading This book is an ideal reference for students and learners in courses related to engineering, manufacturing and materials science. Researchers, industrial professionals and general readers interested in laser assisted machining processes and surface modification techniques will also find the book to be an informative reference on the subject.