Download or read book Large Scale Bridge Abutment Tests to Determine Stiffness and Ultimate Strength Under Seismic Loading written by Brian H. Maroney and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Special Topics in Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering written by Mohamed A. Sakr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-03-20 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics, as well as their interface with Engineering Seismology, Geophysics and Seismology, have all made remarkable progress over the past 15 years, mainly due to the development of instrumented large scale experimental facilities, to the increase in the quantity and quality of recorded earthquake data, to the numerous well-documented case studies from recent strong earthquakes as well as enhanced computer capabilities. One of the major factors contributing to the aforementioned progress is the increasing social need for a safe urban environment, large infrastructures and essential facilities. The main scope of our book is to provide the geotechnical engineers, geologists and seismologists, with the most recent advances and developments in the area of earthquake geotechnical engineering, seismology and soil dynamics.

Download or read book Canadian Geotechnical Journal written by National Research Council Canada and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Seismic Bridge abutment Interaction in a Curved Highway Bridge written by Joseph Wieser and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seat-type bridge abutments are most commonly used to support the end spans of curved highway bridges. This type of abutment is often selected to eliminate unbalanced stresses in the superstructure under service loads, in particular thermal expansion and contraction. However, depending on the width of the expansion gap, large earthquakes may cause the expansion gap to close which results in bridge-abutment interaction. This phenomenon was studied in a federally-funded research project examining the seismic performance of curved highway bridges at the University of Nevada, Reno. As a part of this research a 2/5 th scale model of a 3-span curved steel girder bridge was constructed on four multi-degree-of-freedom shake tables. Two configurations of the bridge one without bridge-abutment interaction and one with nonlinear bridge-abutment interaction were tested. The purpose of these tests was to: (i) identify the influence of bridge-abutment interaction on the global seismic response of the bridge, (ii) characterize the force-deformation characteristics of dynamic bridge-abutment interaction, and (iii) provide experimental data used to calibrate numerical models of bridges including bridge abutment interaction. Based on the experimental investigation it was concluded that bridge-abutment interaction shortens the effective period of vibration of the bridge, which results in decreased deck displacement and increased total base shear demands. However, the increase in base shear demand is resisted by the abutments which results in a net reduction in column shear demand. Though the deck displacement is reduced at the mid-span of the bridge, the active displacement of the deck at the abutments is increased due to the increased in-plane deck rotation generated as a result of the sudden changes in eccentricity between the center of mass and center of stiffness. The amount of in-plane rotation is shown to depend on the phasing and intensity of the ground motion. Interaction between the bridge and abutment backwall can generate significant radial shear forces through contact friction. These radial forces limit the radial displacement of the bridge while in contact with the backwall particularly after the radial shear keys have failed. However, depending on the details of the abutment backwall local damage may occur. In general, engaging the passive resistance of the backfill soil was able to improve the seismic response of the bridge by reducing damage to the columns and adding an additional form of energy dissipation. Both rigorous 3D finite element and simplified grillage models of the experimental model were validated using available software. Good agreement between the numerical models and the experimental data were obtained using both models however the computational effort was greatly reduced using the simplified grillage model. A grossly simplified 3DOF model of the bridge analyzed using the linear multi-modal response spectrum method was shown to give a prediction of the peak displacement response with minimal complexity. Finally, a parameter study determined that the degree of curvature, size of expansion gap, column diameter, and abutment backfill soil type all influence the response of the bridge. Based on the small scale parameter study conducted herein, bridge designers are encouraged to optimize the combination of expansion gap width with the selection of column diameter to minimize the column and/or abutment soil ductility demands.

Download or read book Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics III written by Robert D. Holtz and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comparison of Abutment Stiffness Calculation Methods in the Seismic Analysis of Highway Bridges written by David Gerard Kallmeyer and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Development and Implementation of Improved Seismic Design and Retrofit Procedures for Bridge Abutments written by Geoffrey R. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dynamic Passive Pressure on Abutments and Pile Caps written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seismic Response of Concrete Bridges written by Kosalram Krishnan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Diagnostic and Proof Load Tests on Bridges written by Fikret Necati Catbas and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Guide Specifications for Seismic Isolation Design written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition is based on the work of NCHRP project 20-7, task 262 and updates the 2nd (1999) edition -- P. ix.

Download or read book Longitudinal Strength and Stiffness Behavior of Bridge Abutments written by Karl Romstad and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two, approximately one-half scale, end-diaphragm abutments have been tested to failure. Special attention is focused on the stiffness and strength characteristics of the west abutment system which was designed and constructed to simulate, as accurately as possible, an actual abutment system.

Download or read book Long Term Behavior of Integral Abutment Bridges written by Robert J. Frosch and published by Joint Transportation Research Program. This book was released on 2011-08-15 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integral abutment (IA) construction has become the preferred method over conventional construction for use with typical highway bridges. However, the use of these structures is limited due to state mandated length and skew limitations. To expand their applicability, studies were implemented to define limitations supported by rational analysis rather than simply engineering judgment. Previous research investigations have resulted in larger length limits and an overall better understanding of these structures. However, questions still remain regarding IA behavior; specifically questions regarding long-term behavior and effects of skew. To better define the behavior of these structures, a study was implemented to specifically investigate the long term behavior of IA bridges. First, a field monitoring program was implemented to observe and understand the in-service behavior of three integral abutment bridges. The results of the field investigation were used to develop and calibrate analytical models that adequately capture the long-term behavior. Second, a single-span, quarter-scale integral abutment bridge was constructed and tested to provide insight on the behavior of highly skewed structures. From the acquired knowledge from both the field and laboratory investigations, a parametric analysis was conducted to characterize the effects of a broad range of parameters on the behavior of integral abutment bridges. This study develops an improved understanding of the overall behavior of IA bridges. Based on the results of this study, modified length and skew limitations for integral abutment bridge are proposed. In addition, modeling recommendations and guidelines have been developed to aid designers and facilitate the increased use of integral abutment bridges.

Download or read book AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design written by and published by AASHTO. This book was released on 2011 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers guidance on bridge design for extreme events induced by human beings. This document provides the designer with information on the response of concrete bridge columns subjected to blast loads as well as blast-resistant design and detailing guidelines and analytical models of blast load distribution. The content of this guideline should be considered in situations where resisting blast loads is deemed warranted by the owner or designer.

Download or read book Evaluation of Passive Force on Skewed Bridge Abutments with Large scale Tests written by Aaron Kirt Marsh and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accounting for seismic forces and thermal expansion in bridge design requires an accurate passive force versus backwall deflection relationship. Current design codes make no allowances for skew effects on the development of the passive force. However, small-scale experimental results and available numerical models indicate that there is a significant reduction in peak passive force as skew angle increases for plane-strain cases. To further explore this issue large-scale field tests were conducted at skew angles of 0°, 15°, and 30° with unconfined backfill geometry. The abutment backwall was 11 feet (3.35-m) wide by 5.5 feet (1.68-m) high, and backfill material consisted of dense compacted sand. The peak passive force for the 15° and 30° tests was found to be 73% and 58%, respectively, of the peak passive force for the 0° test which is in good agreement with the small-scale laboratory tests and numerical model results. However, the small differences may suggest that backfill properties (e.g. geometry and density) may have some slight effect on the reduction in peak passive force with respect to skew angle. Longitudinal displacement of the backfill at the peak passive force was found to be approximately 3% of the backfill height for all field tests and is consistent with previously reported values for large-scale passive force-deflection tests, though skew angle may slightly reduce the deflection necessary to reach backfill failure. The backfill failure mechanism appears to transition from a log spiral type failure mechanism where Prandtl and Rankine failure zones develop at low skew angles, to a failure mechanism where a Prandtl failure zone does not develop as skew angle increases.

Download or read book Analytical Methods in Petroleum Upstream Applications written by Cesar Ovalles and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 1351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective measurement of the composition and properties of petroleum is essential for its exploration, production, and refining; however, new technologies and methodologies are not adequately documented in much of the current literature. Analytical Methods in Petroleum Upstream Applications explores advances in the analytical methods and instrumentation that allow more accurate determination of the components, classes of compounds, properties, and features of petroleum and its fractions. Recognized experts explore a host of topics, including: A petroleum molecular composition continuity model as a context for other analytical measurements A modern modular sampling system for use in the lab or the process area to collect and control samples for subsequent analysis The importance of oil-in-water measurements and monitoring The chemical and physical properties of heavy oils, their fractions, and products from their upgrading Analytical measurements using gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications Asphaltene and heavy ends analysis Chemometrics and modeling approaches for understanding petroleum composition and properties to improve upstream, midstream, and downstream operations Due to the renaissance of gas and oil production in North America, interest has grown in analytical methods for a wide range of applications. The understanding provided in this text is designed to help chemists, geologists, and chemical and petroleum engineers make more accurate estimates of the crude value to specific refinery configurations, providing insight into optimum development and extraction schemes.

Download or read book Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil GRS Walls written by Jonathan T. H. Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to provide a detailed overview of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil Walls Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls deploy horizontal layers of closely spaced tensile inclusion in the fill material to achieve stability of a soil mass. GRS walls are more adaptable to different environmental conditions, more economical, and offer high performance in a wide range of transportation infrastructure applications. This book addresses both GRS and GMSE, with a much stronger emphasis on the former. For completeness, it begins with a review of shear strength of soils and classical earth pressure theories. It then goes on to examine the use of geosynthetics as reinforcement, and followed by the load-deformation behavior of GRS mass as a soil-geosynthetic composite, reinforcing mechanisms of GRS, and GRS walls with different types of facing. Finally, the book finishes by covering design concepts with design examples for different loading and geometric conditions, and the construction of GRS walls, including typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines. The number of GRS walls and abutments built to date is relatively low due to lack of understanding of GRS. While failure rate of GMSE has been estimated to be around 5%, failure of GRS has been found to be practically nil, with studies suggesting many advantages, including a smaller susceptibility to long-term creep and stronger resistance to seismic loads when well-compacted granular fill is employed. Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls will serve as an excellent guide or reference for wall projects such as transportation infrastructure—including roadways, bridges, retaining walls, and earth slopes—that are in dire need of repair and replacement in the U.S. and abroad. Covers both GRS and GMSE (MSE with geosynthetics as reinforcement); with much greater emphasis on GRS walls Showcases reinforcing mechanisms, engineering behavior, and design concepts of GRS and includes many step-by-step design examples Features information on typical construction procedures and general construction guidelines Includes hundreds of line drawings and photos Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS) Walls is an important book for practicing geotechnical engineers and structural engineers, as well as for advanced students of civil, structural, and geotechnical engineering.