Download or read book Zoning Rules written by William A. Fischel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Zoning has for a century enabled cities to chart their own course. It is a useful and popular institution, enabling homeowners to protect their main investment and provide safe neighborhoods. As home values have soared in recent years, however, this protection has accelerated to the degree that new housing development has become unreasonably difficult and costly. The widespread Not In My Backyard (NIMBY) syndrome is driven by voters’ excessive concern about their home values and creates barriers to growth that reach beyond individual communities. The barriers contribute to suburban sprawl, entrench income and racial segregation, retard regional immigration to the most productive cities, add to national wealth inequality, and slow the growth of the American economy. Some state, federal, and judicial interventions to control local zoning have done more harm than good. More effective approaches would moderate voters’ demand for local-land use regulation—by, for example, curtailing federal tax subsidies to owner-occupied housing"--Publisher's description.

Download or read book The Economics of Zoning Laws written by William A. Fischel and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1987-08 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land use controls can affect the quality of the environment, the provision of public services, the distribution of income and wealth, the development of natural resources, and the growth of the national economy. The Economics of Zoning Laws is the first book to apply the modern economic theory of property rights to all major aspects of zoning. Zoning laws are neither irrational constrints on otherwise efficient markets nor disinterested attempts to correct market failure. Rather, zoning must be viewed as a collective property right, vested in local governments and administered by politicians who rationally repsond to their constituents and to developers as markets for development rights arise. The Economics of Zoning Laws develops the economic theories of property rights and public choice and applies them to three zoning controversies: the siting of a large industrial plant, the exclusionary zoning of the suburbs, and the constitutional protection of propery owners from excessive regulation. Economic and legal theory, William Fischel contends, suggest that payment of damages under the taking clause of the Constitution may provide the most effective remedy for excessive zoning regulations.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Urban Economics and Planning written by Nancy Brooks and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume embodies a problem-driven and theoretically informed approach to bridging frontier research in urban economics and urban/regional planning. The authors focus on the interface between these two subdisciplines that have historically had an uneasy relationship. Although economists were among the early contributors to the literature on urban planning, many economists have been dismissive of a discipline whose leading scholars frequently favor regulations over market institutions, equity over efficiency, and normative prescriptions over positive analysis. Planners, meanwhile, even as they draw upon economic principles, often view the work of economists as abstract, not sensitive to institutional contexts, and communicated in a formal language spoken by few with decision making authority. Not surprisingly, papers in the leading economic journals rarely cite clearly pertinent papers in planning journals, and vice versa. Despite the historical divergence in perspectives and methods, urban economics and urban planning share an intense interest in many topic areas: the nature of cities, the prosperity of urban economies, the efficient provision of urban services, efficient systems of transportation, and the proper allocation of land between urban and environmental uses. In bridging this gap, the book highlights the best scholarship in planning and economics that address the most pressing urban problems of our day and stimulates further dialog between scholars in urban planning and urban economics.

Download or read book Value Capture and Land Policies written by Gregory K. Ingram and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2012 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Attention to value capture as a source of public revenue has been increasing in the United States and internationally as some governments experience declines in revenue from traditional sources and others face rapid urban population growth and require large investments in public infrastructure. Privately funded improvements by land-owners can increase the value of their land and property. Public actions, such as investments in infrastructure, the provision of public services, and planning and land use regulation, can also affect the value of land and property. Value capture is a means to realize as public revenue some portion of that increase in value through various revenue-raising instruments. This book, based on the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy's sixth annual land policy conference in May 2011, examines the concept of value capture, its forms, and applications. The first section, on the conceptual framework and history of value capture, reviews its relationship to compensation for partial takings; the long history of value capture policies in Britain and France; and the remarkable expansion of tax increment financing in California. The second section reviews the application of particular instruments of value capture, including the conversion of rural to urban land in China, town planning schemes in India, and community benefit agreements. The third section focuses on ends instead of means and examines the use of value capture by community land trusts to provide affordable housing, the use of land development to finance transit, and the use of various fees to fund airports. The final section explores potential extensions of value capture mechanisms to tax-exempt nonprofits and to the management of state trust lands in the United States."--Publisher's website.

Download or read book 3D Cadastre written by Jantien E. Stoter and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (Ph.D.)--Delft University of Technology, 2004.

Download or read book Zoned in the USA written by Sonia A. Hirt and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-24 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why are American cities, suburbs, and towns so distinct? Compared to European cities, those in the United States are characterized by lower densities and greater distances; neat, geometric layouts; an abundance of green space; a greater level of social segregation reflected in space; and—perhaps most noticeably—a greater share of individual, single-family detached housing. In Zoned in the USA, Sonia A. Hirt argues that zoning laws are among the important but understudied reasons for the cross-continental differences.Hirt shows that rather than being imported from Europe, U.S. municipal zoning law was in fact an institution that quickly developed its own, distinctly American profile. A distinct spatial culture of individualism—founded on an ideal of separate, single-family residences apart from the dirt and turmoil of industrial and agricultural production—has driven much of municipal regulation, defined land-use, and, ultimately, shaped American life. Hirt explores municipal zoning from a comparative and international perspective, drawing on archival resources and contemporary land-use laws from England, Germany, France, Australia, Russia, Canada, and Japan to challenge assumptions about American cities and the laws that guide them.

Download or read book Land Use Policy and Property Value written by Cyrus A. Grout and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A plethora of land use policies are implemented at the local, state, and federal levels to influence the manner in which land is utilized. The distribution of the costs and benefits associated with implementing such land use policies always has been, and will continue to be, a source of contention. The three essays presented in this dissertation explore two types of land use policies: state and local-level land use regulations that restrict the use of land and incentives for voluntary conservation. The first essay addresses the economic issues that arise from the adoption of state-level compensation legislation, which requires a government entity to pay compensation to a property owner when the value of his property has been reduced by the enactment of a land use regulation. An assumption implicit to the idea of compensation is that effect of a land use regulation on a property's value is observable and can be accurately estimated. This assumption is problematic due to the complex interaction of land use regulations and land use decisions, and the market's anticipation of both future regulation and potential payments of compensation. Supposing that the price effects of regulation could be accurately estimated, the scope of compensation statutes is too narrow to consistently identify and appropriately compensate landowners who have been most heavily burdened by land use regulation. Economists investigating the effect of land use regulation on property value have typically estimated hedonic property value models with regulations included as exogenous regressors. This approach is likely to be invalid if parcel characteristics that determine property values also influence the government's decision about how to implement regulations. The second essay uses Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD) to study the effect of the Portland, Oregon, Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) on property values. RDD provides an unbiased estimate of the treatment effect under relatively mild conditions and is well-suited to our application because the UGB defines a sharp treatment threshold. We find a price differential on the western and southern sides of the Portland metropolitan area ranging from $30,000 to at least $140,000, but no price differential on the eastern side. Voter support for Measure 37, a compensation statute approved by Oregon voters in 2004, was fueled by price differences such as these among parcels subject to different regulations, but one must be careful not to view current price differentials as evidence that regulations have reduced property values. The third essay considers an incentive mechanism designed to encourage spatially coordinated land conservation: the agglomeration bonus. The primary weakness of the agglomeration bonus as it has been represented in the literature is that it requires landowners to coordinate land use decisions amongst each other, potentially resulting in coordination failure. The functionality of the agglomeration bonus is improved by allowing landowners' enrollment decisions to be conditional on surrounding patterns of enrollment. Under a conditional agglomeration bonus, a landowner's enrollment decision is determined entirely by his own private costs and benefits, eliminating the potential for coordination failure.

Download or read book The Property Tax Land Use and Land Use Regulation written by The late Dick Netzer and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dick Netzer, a leading public finance economist specializing in state and local issues and urban government, brings together in this comprehensive volume essays by top scholars connecting the property tax with land use.

Download or read book Land Use Law in Florida written by W. Thomas Hawkins and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-06-28 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land Use Law in Florida presents an in-depth analysis of land use law common to many states across the United States, using Florida cases and statutes as examples. Florida case law is an important course of study for planners, as the state has its own legal framework that governs how people may use land, with regulation that has evolved to include state-directed urban and regional planning. The book addresses issues in a case format, including planning, land development regulation, property rights, real estate development and land use, transportation, and environmental regulation. Each chapter summarizes the rules that a reader should draw from the cases, making it useful as a reference for practicing professionals and as a teaching tool for planning students who do not have experience in reading law. This text is invaluable for attorneys; professional planners; environmental, property rights, and neighborhood activists; and local government employees who need to understand the rules that govern how property owners may use land in Florida and around the country.

Download or read book Property Rights and Land Policies written by Gregory K. Ingram and published by Lincoln Inst of Land Policy. This book was released on 2009 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Homevoter Hypothesis written by William A. Fischel and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just as investors want the companies they hold equity in to do well, homeowners have a financial interest in the success of their communities. If neighborhood schools are good, if property taxes and crime rates are low, then the value of the homeowner’s principal asset—his home—will rise. Thus, as William Fischel shows, homeowners become watchful citizens of local government, not merely to improve their quality of life, but also to counteract the risk to their largest asset, a risk that cannot be diversified. Meanwhile, their vigilance promotes a municipal governance that provides services more efficiently than do the state or national government. Fischel has coined the portmanteau word “homevoter” to crystallize the connection between homeownership and political involvement. The link neatly explains several vexing puzzles, such as why displacement of local taxation by state funds reduces school quality and why local governments are more likely to be efficient providers of environmental amenities. The Homevoter Hypothesis thereby makes a strong case for decentralization of the fiscal and regulatory functions of government.

Download or read book Environmental and Public Economics written by Wallace E. Oates and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of essays honoring the work of Wallace E. Oates, contributors apply his ideas and insights to a range of problems. Chapters on environmental economics assess environmental policy in today's conservative era and analyze environmental taxes, environmental federalism, and policy instruments. Chapters on public economics investigate vouchers for private schools, capitalization, and urban growth controls. Other subjects examined include intergovernmental grants in South Africa, and public pensions in the EU. The editors are affiliated with the University of Maryland-College Park, and Resources for the Future in Washington, DC. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Download or read book Zoning and Land Use Controls written by Patrick J. Rohan and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book How Have Land use Regulations Affected Property Values in Oregon written by William Kenneth Jaeger and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study examines the ways in which land-use regulations in general and Oregon's land-use planning system in particular may affect property values. The study is focused on Oregon, but it is framed within the broader context of research in economics. Our analysis of Oregon land value data finds no evidence of a generalized reduction in value caused by Oregon's land-use regulations, a result that is consistent with economic theory and with other research in the economics field. Economists recognize three potential effects of land-use regulations on land values: restriction effects, amenity effects, and scarcity effects. The first effect likely will be negative for restricted properties, but in many cases amenity and/or scarcity effects have a positive and potentially offsetting effect. As a result, and despite the widespread belief that most land-use regulations have negative effects on property values, the opposite may be true in many cases. We collected data on samples of parcels indicating the levels and trends of land values in parts of Oregon over the past 40 years--beginning before Oregon's land-use planning system was in place. By comparing land value patterns for regulated lands with those for unregulated lands, and by comparing patterns in Oregon with patterns for similar areas in Washington State (where land-use planning has only recently been enforced), we scrutinized the ways in which Oregon's land-use planning system has affected property values. The analysis was based on land value data for a sample of parcels in five counties, three in Oregon (Lane, Jackson, and Baker) and two in Washington (Lewis and Kittitas). The data are for intervals between the mid-1960s or early 1970s (before the implementation of Oregon's land-use planning system) until the early 2000s. The results of this analysis indicate that: [1] Land values (adjusted for inflation) have generally risen since the introduction of Oregon's land-use planning system in 1973, both for rural lands zoned for farm and forest use and for developable lands both inside and outside of urban growth boundaries (UGBs). [2] Since 1973, when Oregon's land-use planning system was adopted, the rate of change in land values in Oregon has been about the same as for similar lands in Washington. [3] The data indicate that over the past 40 years, lands with the most stringent development limits (e.g., those with exclusive farm or forest use zoning) have increased in value at about the same rate as lands without such restrictions. [4] The value of lands outside the Eugene urban growth boundary in Lane County, Oregon grew slightly faster than properties inside the UGB. [5] Finally, there is no evidence of slower rates of increase overall for the Oregon lands studied compared to lands in the Washington counties studied. The data presented here do not, therefore, support the belief that Oregon's land-use system has systematically reduced the value of restricted properties. The results are consistent, however, with the design of Oregon's land-use planning system and with economic principles. Oregon's land-use planning system is not intended to limit the amount of development that occurs, but rather it is intended to influence the location of development in ways that are consistent with various land-use planning goals. Among those goals is an interest in concentrating the location of development within urban growth boundaries rather than allowing dispersed and fragmented developments. Sprawl or scattered development can raise costs for public services and infrastructure and produce adverse effects when incompatible land uses (e.g., farming and residential) are mixed. In addition, our analysis finds that government programs such as Oregon's special tax assessments for farmlands are likely to be "capitalized" into land prices, raising them by as much as 14 percent on average. These findings are consistent with results from other economic studies. Studies from many other parts of the country, and some within Oregon, have found evidence of positive, negative, and neutral effects from land-use regulations, reflecting the fact that there are often substantial positive amenity and scarcity effects that can offset some or all of the negative restriction effects associated with land-use regulations."--Exec. Sum.

Download or read book Land Use Regulation written by Daniel P. Selmi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dynamic casebook focuses on the role of the lawyer in land use regulatory matters And The factors that influence land development decisions. it emphasizes the modern practice of land use law and cutting-edge issues. Revised and updated to reflect the many new developments in the law, Land Use Regulation: Cases and Materials, Second Edition, Is equally well suited for courses in land use and land development. When you examine this concise casebook, be sure to notice its: Five-part structure, providing a frame of reference for understanding the various issues that arise in land use matters. Plentiful materials -- news articles, law review articles, essays, and other materials - to enrich teaching and illustrate the rapid change in the field. Emphasis on the most current material and recent cases to convey the dynamic context of land use law. Examination of the relative contributions of law, local government discretion and politics in the process that decides local land use questions. Focus on third-party rights in land development, such as the roles played by neighbors, citizen groups, business groups, and housing advocates. Exploration of ethical issues that arise in land use as viewed from the perspectives of both lawyers and society. Clear and practical explanations of the lawyer's role. Comprehensive Teacher's Manual, enhanced by the addition of a Transition Guide For The Second Edition, The authors have refined and improved their casebook by incorporating: deeper coverage of takings developments, including the most recent cases (such as Palazzolo and Tahoe) And The academic debate over the origins and reach of takings law. New cases of First Amendment protections: City of Los Angeles v. Alameda Books, The Florida 'voyeur dorm' case on the regulation of adult businesses, and cases under state and local legislation protecting religious institutions. New information on the economics of land use. A summary of the Playa Vista Project, a large-scale land use project that illustrates most aspects of land use regulation and that can be used as an introduction To The field. A completely updated section on smart growth, sprawl, and sustainable development. Expanded coverage of private law instruments, such as development agreements. New materials on annexations and redevelopment law. Cases chosen for their teaching value. Land Use Regulation: Cases and Materials, Second Edition, Is an excellent vehicle for giving students a realistic look at the modern practice of land use law.

Download or read book The Zoning and Land Use Handbook written by Ronald S. Cope and published by American Bar Association Section of State and Local Government Law. This book was released on 2016-09 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Energy Natural Resource and Environmental Economics written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every decision about energy involves its price and cost. The price of gasoline and the cost of buying from foreign producers; the price of nuclear and hydroelectricity and the costs to our ecosystems; the price of electricity from coal-fired plants and the cost to the atmosphere. Giving life to inventions, lifestyle changes, geopolitical shifts, and things in-between, energy economics is of high interest to Academia, Corporations and Governments. For economists, energy economics is one of three subdisciplines which, taken together, compose an economic approach to the exploitation and preservation of natural resources: energy economics, which focuses on energy-related subjects such as renewable energy, hydropower, nuclear power, and the political economy of energy resource economics, which covers subjects in land and water use, such as mining, fisheries, agriculture, and forests environmental economics, which takes a broader view of natural resources through economic concepts such as risk, valuation, regulation, and distribution Although the three are closely related, they are not often presented as an integrated whole. This Encyclopedia has done just that by unifying these fields into a high-quality and unique overview. The only reference work that codifies the relationships among the three subdisciplines: energy economics, resource economics and environmental economics. Understanding these relationships just became simpler! Nobel Prize Winning Editor-in-Chief (joint recipient 2007 Peace Prize), Jason Shogren, has demonstrated excellent team work again, by coordinating and steering his Editorial Board to produce a cohesive work that guides the user seamlessly through the diverse topics This work contains in equal parts information from and about business, academic, and government perspectives and is intended to serve as a tool for unifying and systematizing research and analysis in business, universities, and government