Download or read book Land Use Controls Dissolved Organic Carbon and Total Mercury Correlation and Quantities in Little Lehigh Watershed Headwater Streams written by Tara A. Redding and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of land-use type to influence headwater stream total mercury (THg), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), major ion, and trace element concentrations was explored in seven sub-catchments of the Little Lehigh watershed. Statistical variance was determined for DOC quantity, whereas THg demonstrated minimal variance. Agricultural land-use type corresponded to increased [DOC], [Ca], and [Mg]. The divergent response of THg and DOC during storm events is an artifact of sample preservation. The THg v DOC correlation is significantly positive considering normal storm event data at one site (r 2 = 0.62, p
Download or read book Relationships Between Land Use and Mercury Contamination in Twelve Tributaries of the Lake St Francis Region of the St Lawrence River Near Cornwall Ontario written by Sarah Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluvial Transport of Mercury Dissolved Organic Carbon Suspended Sediment and Selected Major Ions in Contrasting Stream Basins in South Carolina and New York October 2004 to September 2009 written by Celeste A. Journey and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A spatially extensive assessment of the environmental controls on mercury transport and bioaccumulation in stream ecosystems in New York and South Carolina was conducted as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program and included the determination of suvial transport of mercury and associated constituents during water years 2005–2009. (A water year extends from October of one calendar year to September of the next calendar year.) In the Coastal Plain region of South Carolina, the study area included the Edisto River and its headwater tributary, McTier Creek. In the Adirondack region of New York, the study area included the upper Hudson River and its headwater tributary, Fishing rook. Median concentrations of altered total mercury ranged from 1.55 nanograms per liter (ng/L) at the Hudson River site to 2.77 ng/L at the Edisto River site. The Edisto River site had the greatest mediana ltered methylmercury concentration, at 0.32 ng/L, and the Hudson River site had the least median altered methylmercury concentration, at 0.07 ng/L.
Download or read book Pulse of the Stream written by Catherine Grace Winters and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotic and abiotic factors both play critical roles in the cycling of organic matter and nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. Understanding the relative control of these factors on solute fate and transport in fluvial systems is important for understanding how climatic changes can affect water quality. Many processes that control solute cycling in streams occur at sub-daily scales, making high-frequency, in situ, sub-hourly measurements important for capturing the response of dissolved organic matter and nutrients to changes in the strength of controlling processes. The tightly coupled aquatic and terrestrial environments present in headwater streams make them particularly useful systems for studying high-frequency changes in water chemistry. In this study, we examined the patterns of dissolved organic carbon, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, temperature, dissolved organic matter fluorescence, and stream discharge using in-stream measurements at sub-hourly to monthly time scales to understand the daily and seasonal controls of aquatic organic matter and nutrient processing. We also conducted a laboratory incubation to measure the effects of dissolved organic carbon and nutrient treatments on consumption of carbon and nitrogen in our system. Our main objectives were to identify: 1) the relative controls of diel biotic and abiotic processes on stream dissolved organic carbon and nitrate-N; and 2) the mechanisms controlling rapid autumnal changes in dissolved organic carbon and nitrate-N in stream runoff. We found that hydrology plays a key role in transporting solutes to a forested headwater stream in the Piedmont Region, Maryland; however, once solutes reach the stream biotic controls dominate the stream solute patterns. Biology is an important regulator of diel patterns of streamwater dissolved organic carbon and nitrate concentrations during springtime and autumn leaf fall. Diel cycling is most apparent during the spring prior to leaf out when the water temperature is increasing. Where patterns were evident, nitrate (annual average in second order stream: 17:00) and discharge (17:28) reached their minimums during the afternoon within a few hours of the peaks in dissolved oxygen (13:16), temperature (15:17), dissolved organic carbon (16:06), and dissolved organic matter fluorescence (17:23). Larger amplitudes of dissolved oxygen, nitrate, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved organic matter fluorescence correspond with larger daily temperature changes. Laboratory incubations showed increased consumption of nitrogen in the presence of labile carbon, but not in the presence of labile carbon plus nutrients, which indicates our system is carbon limited. Autumn dissolved organic carbon and nitrate dynamics also indicate our system is carbon limited. Increased rates of leaf litter fall corresponded with increased consumption of stream nitrate leading to a late October depression, or annual minimum, in nitrate concentration. Storm events accelerated the recovery of stream nitrate to early autumn concentrations as nitrate was mobilized and transported from soils to the stream. Hydrology is important for solute transport to and export from the stream. Autotrophic activity dominates on the daily scale, while heterotrophic activity controls seasonal responses in organic matter and nutrient cycling in this forested watershed. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics have been studied in other forested systems, as well, but the controlling processes vary among these watershed. Our results highlight the importance of understanding controlling processes within specific watersheds when making large scale predictions of the potential export of carbon and nitrogen from forested systems.
Download or read book Observed and Modeled Mercury and Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentrations and Loads at Control Structure S 12D Florida Everglades 2013 17 written by Amanda C. Booth and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impact of Land Use on Headwater Stream Organic and Inorganic Carbon Export in a Temperate Midwestern Experimental Watershed written by Scott Alan Kelsey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seasonal and Flow driven Dynamics of Particulate and Dissolved Mercury and Methylmercury in a Stream Impacted by an Industrial Mercury Source written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sediments and floodplain soils in the East Fork Poplar Creek watershed (Oak Ridge, TN, USA) are contaminated with high levels of mercury (Hg) from an industrial source at the headwaters. Although baseflow conditions have been monitored, concentrations of Hg and methylmercury (MeHg) during high-flow storm events, when the stream is more hydrologically connected to the floodplain, have yet to be assessed. This paper evaluated baseflow and event-driven Hg and MeHg dynamics in East Fork Poplar Creek, 5 km upstream of the confluence with Poplar Creek, to determine the importance of hydrology to in-stream concentrations and downstream loads and to ascertain whether the dynamics are comparable to those of systems without an industrial Hg source. Particulate Hg and MeHg were positively correlated with discharge (r2 = 0.64 and 0.58, respectively) and total suspended sediment (r2 = 0.97 and 0.89, respectively), and dissolved Hg also increased with increasing flow (r2 = 0.18) and was associated with increases in dissolved organic carbon (r2 = 0.65), similar to the dynamics observed in uncontaminated systems. Dissolved MeHg decreased with increases in discharge (r2 = 0.23) and was not related to dissolved organic carbon concentrations (p = 0.56), dynamics comparable to relatively uncontaminated watersheds with a small percentage of wetlands (
Download or read book Mercury and Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics During Snowmelt in a Montane Watershed Provo River Utah written by Brian Noel Packer and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) transport in streams is typically facilitated by dissolved organic matter (DOM), however, the dynamics of Hg and DOM during snowmelt in montane watersheds are poorly understood. Hg transport during snowmelt is widely recognized as a significant source of Hg to downstream lakes and reservoirs, such Jordanelle Reservoir where fish consumption advisories are in effect due to elevated Hg concentrations in certain species of fish. For this study, total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg), and DOM samples were collected at three sites in the upper sites in the upper Provo River, northern Utah, during the 2016 and 2017 water years. To evaluate Hg and DOM sources, samples were collected from snowpack and ephemeral streams in the watershed. In-situ fluorescent DOM (fDOM) data and other parameters were measured in the river to characterize high-frequency variation in water chemistry. Excitation-emissions matrices (EEMs) were used to determine changes in DOM characteristics during snowmelt. Hg concentrations increased in the upper Provo River from 1 ng/L during baseflow to 7 ng/L during the snowmelt period (~April-July), with filtered THg concentrations approximately ~75% of the unfiltered concentrations. In the watershed, filtered THg concentrations ranged from ~0.4 ng/L in snowpack to ~8 ng/L in ephemeral streams. Annual THg loading from the Provo River to Jordanelle Reservoir was approximately 1 kg/yr with ~90% of the flux occurring during the snowmelt period. High correlations between filtered THg and fDOM allowed for the development of a high frequency filtered THg proxy using in-situ fDOM sensors. DOM characteristic during the snowmelt period showed that Hg transport was facilitated by humic substances which was sourced from upland soils. Fractions of filtered methylmercury (MeHg) and filtered THg (filtered MeHg:filtered THg) were ~0.1 during baseflow and reduced to ~0.01 during snowmelt, implying that snowmelt runoff has little impact on the MeHg flux to Jordanelle Reservoir. The results suggest that Hg and DOM are flushed from soils during snowmelt, and that a significant majority of the Hg flux occurs the snowmelt period. Our study has implications for understanding Hg sources and transport mechanisms in other snowmelt dominated watersheds.
Download or read book Understanding the Role of the Stream Groundwater Interface in Dissolved Organic Carbon Cycling in a Third Order Lowland River Network written by Sydney S. Ruhala and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization and Impact on Mercury Binding in an Urbanizing Watershed written by Mykel Danielle Mendes and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coupling the Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter and Nutrient Stoichiometry with Nutrient Uptake in Boreal Forest Headwater Streams written by Dana Fjare and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discontinuous permafrost affects the hydrology and distribution of vegetation in boreal forest watersheds, which in turn influence stream water chemistry. I investigated how loss of discontinuous permafrost with projected climate change might affect nutrient cycling in boreal forest headwater streams. I hypothesized that 1) the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (C:N:P) ratio in dissolved organic matter (DOM) affects nutrient uptake due to stoichiometric constraints on autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrient assimilation, and 2) labile DOM affects nutrient uptake by increasing heterotrophic production. I tested my hypotheses using a series of instantaneous nutrient additions in nine headwater streams, with a factorial design manipulating both nutrient stoichiometry and DOM source. DOM was added as either acetate or leachate from birch leaves. Ambient nutrient uptake velocity (Vf-amb) was within the upper range of previously published literature values, ranging from 4.1-67.2 mm/min for N, 4.0-25.0 mm/min for P, and 4.2-34.5 mm/min for acetate. Uptake efficiency was similar for N and P added alone, in co-additions, and with DOM. Acetate and birch-DOM had similar effects on nutrient uptake, because both were sources of highly labile carbon. In 30-day laboratory bioavailability assays, birch and acetate-DOM exhibited ≥ 70% carbon loss. Vf-amb was in part explained by ambient stream chemistry, with Vf-amb for N weakly positively correlated with ambient P concentration, while Vf-amb for P and acetate was weakly negatively correlated with ambient N and ambient dissolved organic carbon, respectively. Consequently, inorganic nutrient availability may affect uptake of solutes as well as DOM lability. High demand for nutrients in boreal forest headwater streams suggests that uptake could increase concurrently with greater inorganic nutrient flux following a loss in permafrost extent.
Download or read book Biogeochemical Cycling in Lake Superior Tributaries written by Ashley Anne Coble and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seasonal and spatial variability in environmental factors may affect dissolved organic matter composition and nutrient transformation and retention in streams. The objective of this research was to quantify and describe seasonality, quantity, and quality of nutrient processing and export of ammonium (NH4), soluble reactive phosphate (SRP), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) into Lake Superior through intensive study in a small 1st order watershed coupled with snapshot measurements across 12 tributaries that varied in size, location, and wetland coverage. Our results suggest biodegradable C is exported from a small headwater stream year-round and that DOC mineralization rates can be stimulated by additions of NH4 and labile C (Chapter 2). We found that biodegradable DOC varied synchronously among 3 rivers that varied in size by three orders of magnitude. Furthermore, these rivers exported 9 to 17% of annual DOC in biodegradable form, which may then fuel biological activity in nearshore zones of Lake Superior. Modeling of historical loads of DOC suggests that spring loads of DOC have increased and fall loads have decreased over a 26 year period, but annual loads have not (Chapter 3). Across eleven tributaries variability in NH4 uptake velocity was explained by watershed area, discharge, and fluorescence index of DOC (indicator of microbial and terrestrial sources; Chapter 4). Temporally detailed measurements (every 2 to 4 weeks for 3 years) of nutrient uptake in a small headwater stream indicated light availability, algal and periphyton biomass, solute concentrations, and pH were important predictors of NH4 uptake velocity (Chapter 5). We found a similar magnitude of NH4 uptake velocity during winter and summer measurements while SRP uptake velocity was greater in summer than winter (Chapter 5). Overall the greatest uptake velocities were observed in spring and fall for NH4, in spring for SRP and in fall for DOC (Chapter 5). Collectively, this research demonstrates the temporally dynamic nature of biodegradable carbon and nutrient uptake, the tight coupling of C and N cycling, and the role of DOM composition in stream nutrient uptake in northern temperate forested streams.
Download or read book Mercury in Fish Bed Sediment and Water from Streams Across the United States 1998 2005 written by Barbara C. Scudder and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-08 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on how mercury (Hg) was examined in top-predator fish, bed sediment, and water from streams that spanned regional and national gradients of Hg source strength and other factors thought to influence methylmercury bioaccum. Sampled settings include stream basins that were agr¿l, urbanized, undeveloped, and mined. Predator fish were targeted for collection, and composited samples of fish were analyzed for total Hg (THg), as most of the Hg found in fish tissue is MeHg. Samples of bed sediment and stream water were analyzed for THg, MeHg, and characteristics thought to affect Hg methylation, such as loss-on-ignition and acid-volatile sulfide in bed sediment, and pH, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved sulfate in water. Illus.
Download or read book Regional Cooperation for Water Quality Improvement in Southwestern Pennsylvania written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The city of Pittsburgh and surrounding area of southwestern Pennsylvania face complex water quality problems, due in large part to aging wastewater infrastructures that cannot handle sewer overflows and stormwater runoff, especially during wet weather. Other problems such as acid mine drainage are a legacy of the region's past coal mining, heavy industry, and manufacturing economy. Currently, water planning and management in southwestern Pennsylvania is highly fragmented; federal and state governments, 11 counties, hundreds of municipalities, and other entities all play roles, but with little coordination or cooperation. The report finds that a comprehensive, watershed-based approach is needed to effectively meet water quality standards throughout the region in the most cost-effective manner. The report outlines both technical and institutional alternatives to consider in the development and implementation of such an approach.
Download or read book The Data of Geochemistry written by Frank Wigglesworth Clarke and published by Legare Street Press. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book EPA 450 4 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-08 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Use of Best Management Practices BMPs in Urban Watersheds written by Richard Field and published by DEStech Publications, Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Presents and compares all major stormwater/runoff control strategies ; New data on pollutant removal efficiencies, design, costs, environmental impacts and more ; Where and why to use the best techniques for limiting/monitoring diffuse pollution ; Provides the tools to meet regulations and improve water quality in urban/suburban watersheds"--From publisher's description.
