Download or read book Land Fragmentation and Off farm Labor Supply in China written by Lili Jia and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land Fragmentation and Rice Production written by Shuhao Tan and published by . This book was released on 2005* with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural landholdings in China have an average size of only 0.53 hectares and are divided over six different plots on average. This very high degree of land fragmentation is likely to impose important constraints to current government policies aimed at supporting the incomes of rural households, raising domestic grain production, and promoting the overall production capacity of agricultural sector in order to meet the challenges posed by foreign competition. The purpose of this study is to examine the causes of this extremely high degree of land fragmentation and its consequences for food production in China. The analysis focuses in particular on rice smallholders in Jiangxi Province, a major rice production base of China.
Download or read book Chinese Agricultural Household Farming Efficiency and Off Farm Labor Supply written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation deals with the off-farm labor supply of Chinese agricultural households. The data used in this study are from the World Bank's 1995 North and Northeast China Living Standards Survey. The objectives are two fold. The first objective explores the relationship between the farm operators' off-farm labor supply and the household's farming efficiency, and identifies the factors affecting the farm operators' off-farm labor supply. Alternative approaches are used to measure farming efficiency. The theoretical model predicts an inverse relationship between farming efficiency and off-farm labor supply. However, the empirical results show that the crop production technical efficiency is positively related to off-farm labor supply and the agricultural production technical efficiency exhibits no significant effect on off-farm labor supply. There appears to be a surplus of labor in the agrarian sector in China. Restrictions on the movement of labor among regions and in the reallocation of farmland serve to maintain this surplus and thus bring about economic inefficiencies. The second objective investigates the switching nature of the operator's off-farm labor supply depending on the spouse's participation status in off-farm labor markets. An endogenous switching regression model shows that the spouse's participation status is endogenous to the operator's off-farm labor supply decision. The off-farm labor supply behavior of operators with spouses working off-farm exhibits some differences from that of the operators with spouses' not working off-farm. The results support that the agricultural household is a more relevant decision unit for resource allocation than is its individual members.
Download or read book Forced Off Farm Labor Allocation Response to Land Requisition in Rural China written by Ren Mu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land requisition has been an important process by which Chinese local governments promote urbanization and generate revenue. This study investigates the impacts of land requisition on farmers' decisions of labor allocation between agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. We argue that, conditional on village fixed effects, land requisition can be explored as a quasi-natural experiment to identify the relationship between land rights and labor allocation of farmers. We find that young farmers (age 16-44) are not affected in their migration decisions by land loss through requisition, while some older farmers (age 45-55) are affected. In response to land loss through requisition, the probability that older farmers living beyond the mean distance from the county seat migrates to cities increases by 8.5 percentage points. An econometric test confirms that the finding is unlikely to be driven by unobserved variables associated with household experience of land loss. This finding raises concerns about the wellbeing of the farmers who may not be competitive in the urban labor market and therefore unlikely to leave farming unless they have to.
Download or read book The Effects of Land Tenure and Grain Quota Policies on Farm Household Labor Allocation in China written by Bryan Thomas Lohmar and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chinese Agricultural Household Farming Efficiency and Off farm Labor Supply written by Tao Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: off-farm labor supply, farming efficiency, chinese agricultural household.
Download or read book Land Tenure Policy and Women Off Farm Employment in Rural China written by Hongqin Chang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the data from three waves (1995, 2002 and 2008) of the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP), which covers nine provinces in China, this paper investigates the impact of land tenure security on farmers' labor market outcomes in rural China, especially for women' s labor market behavior. To identify the effect of land tenure security, this paper used difference-in-differences strategy to control for time invariant heterogeneity, and a number of observed time-varying economic characteristics for its validity. The paper finds that in response to more security land rights, both women and men increase their probability of wage employment participation and individual income.
Download or read book China s Agricultural Development written by Xiao-yuan Dong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in this book are selected from the papers presented at the 2004 international symposium on China's Rural Economy: Problems and Strategies. At this conference, the participants discussed a wide range of pressing issues concerning China's rural development.
Download or read book Developmental Dilemmas written by Peter Ho and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-05-24 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental Dilemmas singles out land as an object of study and places it in the context of one of the world's largest and most populous countries undergoing institutional reform: the People's Republic of China. The book demonstrates that private property protected by law, the principle of 'getting-the-prices-right', and the emergence of effectively functioning markets are the outcome of a given society's historical development and institutional fabric. Peter Ho argues that the successful creation of new institutions hinges in part on choice and timing in relation to the particular constellation of societal, economic, political and cultural parameters. Disregarding these could result in rising inequality, bad land stewardship, and the eruption of land-related grievances.
Download or read book Fragmentation in Semi Arid and Arid Landscapes written by Kathleen A. Galvin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-12 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With detailed data from nine sites around the world, the authors examine how the so-called ‘fragmentation’ of these fragile landscapes occurs and the consequences of this break-up for ecosystems and the people who depend on them. ‘Rangelands’ make up a quarter of the world’s landscape, and here, the case is developed that while fragmentation arises from different natural, social and economic conditions worldwide, it creates similar outcomes for human and natural systems.
Download or read book Efficiency and Equity Impacts of Rural Land Rental Restrictions Evidence from India written by Klaus Deininger and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition of the potentially deleterious implications of inequality in opportunity originating in a skewed asset distribution has spawned considerable interest in land reforms. However, little attention has been devoted to the fact that, in the longer-term, the measures used to implement land reforms, especially rental restrictions, could negatively affect productivity. Use of state level data on rental restrictions, together with a nationally representative survey from India suggests that, contrary to original intentions, rental restrictions negatively affect productivity and equity by reducing scope for efficiency-enhancing rental transactions that benefit poor producers. Simulations suggest that, by doubling the number of producers with access to land through rental, from about 15 million currently, liberalization of rental markets could have far-reaching impacts.
Download or read book Who Will Feed China written by Lester Brown and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-08-18 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1995, but with enduring relevance in a time of global population growth and food insecurity, when it was first published, this book attracted much global attention, and criticism from Beijing. It argued that even as water becomes scarcer in a land where 80% of the grain crop is irrigated, as per-acre yield gains are erased by the loss of agricultural land to industrialization, and as food production stagnates, China still increases its population by the equivalent of a new Beijing each year. This book predicts that in an integrated world economy, China’s rising food prices will become the world’s rising food prices. China’s land scarcity will come everyone’s land scarcity and water scarcity in China will affect the entire world. China’s dependence on massive imports, like the collapse of the world’s fisheries, will be a wake-up call that we are colliding with the earth’s capacity to feed us. Over time, Janet Larsen argued, China’s leaders came to ‘acknowledge how Who Will Feed China? changed their thinking..’ As China’s wealth increases, so do the dietary demands of its population. The increasing middle classes demand more grain-intensive meat and farmed fish. The issue of who will feed China has not gone away.
Download or read book Agricultural Household Models written by Inderjit Singh and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the basic model of an agricultural household that underlies most of the case studies undertaken so far. The model assumes that households are price-takers and is therefore recursive. The decisions modeled include those affecting production and the demand for inputs and those affecting consumption and the supply of labor. Comparative results on selected elasticities are presented for a number of economies. The empirical significance of the approach is demonstrated in a comparison of models that treat production and consumption decisions separately and those in which the decisionmaking process is recursive. The book summarizes the implications of agricultural pricing policy for the welfare of farm households, marketed surplus, the demand for nonagricultural goods and services, the rural labor market, budget revenues, and foreign exchange earnings. In addition, it is shown that the basic model can be extended in order to explore the effects of government policy on crop composition, nutritional status, health, saving, and investment and to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the effects on budget revenues and foreign exchange earnings. Methodological topics, primarily the data requirements of the basic model and its extensions, along with aggregation, market interaction, uncertainty, and market imperfections are discussed. The most important methodological issues - the question of the recursive property of these models - is also discussed.
Download or read book Farming Systems and Poverty written by John A. Dixon and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A joint FAO and World Bank study which shows how the farming systems approach can be used to identify priorities for the reduction of hunger and poverty in the main farming systems of the six major developing regions of the world.
Download or read book Migrant Labor Markets and the Welfare of Rural Households in the Developing World written by Alan de Brauw and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we examine the impact of reductions in barriers to migration on the consumption of households in rural China. We find that increased migration from rural villages leads to significant increases in consumption per capita, and that this effect is stronger for poorer households within villages. Household income per capita and non-durable consumption per capita both increase with out-migration, and this increase is greater for poorer households. We also establish a causal relationship between increased out-migration and investment in housing and durable goods assets, and these effects are also stronger for poorer households. We do not find robust evidence, however, to support a connection between increased migration and investment in productive activity. Instead, increased migration is associated with two significant changes for poorer households: increases both in the total labor supplied to productive activities and in the land per capita managed by the household. In examining the effect of migration, we pay considerable attention to motivating, developing and evaluating our identification strategy.
Download or read book China s 40 Years of Reform and Development 1978 2018 written by Ross Garnaut and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2018 marks 40 years of reform and development in China (1978–2018). This commemorative book assembles some of the world’s most prominent scholars on the Chinese economy to reflect on what has been achieved as a result of the economic reform programs, and to draw out the key lessons that have been learned by the model of growth and development in China over the preceding four decades. This book explores what has happened in the transformation of the Chinese economy in the past 40 years for China itself, as well as for the rest of the world, and discusses the implications of what will happen next in the context of China’s new reform agenda. Focusing on the long-term development strategy amid various old and new challenges that face the economy, this book sets the scene for what the world can expect in China’s fifth decade of reform and development. A key feature of this book is its comprehensive coverage of the key issues involved in China’s economic reform and development. Included are discussions of China’s 40 years of reform and development in a global perspective; the political economy of economic transformation; the progress of marketisation and changes in market-compatible institutions; the reform program for state-owned enterprises; the financial sector and fiscal system reform, and its foreign exchange system reform; the progress and challenges in economic rebalancing; and the continuing process of China’s global integration. This book further documents and analyses the development experiences including China’s large scale of migration and urbanisation, the demographic structural changes, the private sector development, income distribution, land reform and regional development, agricultural development, and energy and climate change policies.
Download or read book The Land Rural written by Land Enquiry Committee and published by . This book was released on 1913 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
