Download or read book Land Degradation and Trade Liberalization written by Sanjib Pohit and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper makes an attempt to use GTAP model to understand the interplay between the agricultural trade liberalization and land degradation in India. Like any other developing country, soil erosion happens to be one of the principal environmental problems caused by agricultural production in India. In this paper, our attempt is to simulate the on-site productivity impacts of erosion, along with standard intersectoral and inter-regional economic effects of trade liberalization. The deeper and fuller agricultural trade liberalization opens up opportunities for India's agriculture. Our result indicates that paddy, wheat, and other agriculture are the sectors in India where production would expand following liberalisation while there would be a fall in production in cereal grain sector and livestock sector. Overall, there is a small increase in India's welfare to the tune of US $ 360 millions. While India's agricultural expands due to opening up of opportunities, soil degradation increases with increased use of land. To what extent, the above result would change if we incorporate land degradation feedback mechanism in our analysis? Our results indicates that agricultural trade liberalisation reduces land productivity, but the effects are weak to negate the benefits of India's welfare from agricultural trade liberalisation.
Download or read book Trade Liberalization and Land Degradation in Indonesia written by Anna Strutt and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade Liberalization and Land Degradation in Indonesia written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vulnerable Places Vulnerable People written by Jonathan A. Cook and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: . . . the case studies and subsequent summarizing discussions provide interesting insights on the many interactions of trade, poverty and the environment. . . digestible also for those without an academic background in economics. Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture While some argue that trade liberalization has raised incomes and led to environmental protection in developing countries, others claim that it generates neither poverty reduction nor sustainability. The detailed case studies in this book demonstrate that neither interpretation is universally correct, given how much depends on specific policies and institutions that determine on-the-ground outcomes. Drawing on research from six countries around the developing world, the book also presents the unique perspectives of researchers at both the world s largest development organization (The World Bank) and the world s largest conservation organization (World Wildlife Fund) on the debate over trade liberalization and its effects on poverty and the environment. The authors trace international trade rules and events down through national development contexts to investigate on-the-ground outcomes for real people and places. The studies underscore the importance of evaluating trade from a perspective that pays attention to environmental and social vulnerability and understands the linkages between poverty reduction and environmental protection. The lessons drawn provide a critical first step in developing the appropriate response options needed to ensure that trade plays a positive role in promoting truly sustainable development. Academics and students in environmental economics, development economics and agriculture, as well as policymakers and those in development institutions will appreciate this groundbreaking work.
Download or read book Trade and the Environment written by Savas S. Alpay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the demand for environmental quality is increasing and as the current GATT rules monitored by the WTO are not very suitable for environmental protection, either a new international environmental organization may be formed soon or new environmental regulations may be added to GATT. In either case, understanding of the interactions between trade and the environment will be vital. Trade and the Environment presents both the theoretical and empirical exposition of (i) the impact of trade liberalization on environmental quality; (ii) the impact of environmental regulations on international competitiveness; and (iii) strategic trade and environmental policies. An important feature of Trade and the Environment as compared to earlier books is that it brings together the reciprocal interactions between trade and the environment. It can be used as the main or complementary textbook for a course on trade and the environment.
Download or read book Environmental Effects of Agricultural Trade Liberalization and Domestic Agricultural Policy Reforms written by Jussi Lankoski and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook on Trade and the Environment written by Kevin Gallagher and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook on Trade and the Environment is a good source for those looking for a better understanding of political issues, of legal debates, and of the state of discussion between government, industry, NGO, and private sector groups on topics that are not often treated elsewhere. Judith M. Dean, World Trade Review I would recommend the book to anyone concerned with the interaction of trade and the environment. John Goodier, Reference Reviews In this comprehensive reference work, Kevin Gallagher has compiled a fresh and broad-ranging collection of expert voices commenting on the interdisciplinary field of trade and the environment. For over two decades policymakers and scholars have been struggling to understand the relationship between international trade in a globalizing world and its effects on the natural environment. The authors in this Handbook provide the tools to do just that. The editor s well-worked introduction synthesizes the emerging themes of the collection, which is divided into three sections: trade and environmental quality, trade and environmental politics, and trade and environmental policy. Topics include the extent to which trade liberalization creates pollution havens where dirty industries flock to poorer countries with lax environmental standards, and conversely, how multinational corporations bring cleaner environmental technologies to developing countries when they choose to move abroad. The volume also addresses the extent to which national environmental policy and/or global environmental agreements clash with the emerging rules of the World Trade Organization and whether such environmental policies hinder export competitiveness. Finally, numerous political economy analyses of the complex political coalitions that arise to adapt to and mitigate changes in trade and environmental policy are provided. In addition to broader overviews of the field, in-depth case studies of nations and regions are offered, including the United States, the European Union, China, India and Mexico as well East Asia, Latin America, and Africa. The volume will serve as a guide for scholars new to the field as well as students and policy-makers needing a quick reference to the research on the interface between trade and the environment.
Download or read book Links Between Economic Liberalization and Rural Resource Degradation in the Developing Regions written by Edward B. Barbier and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines evidence of the effects of economic liberalization and globalization on rural resource degradation in developing countries. The principal resource effects of concern are processes of land use change leading to forestland conversion, degradation and deforestation. The main trends in globalization of interest are trade liberalization and economy-wide reforms in developing countries that have 'opened up' the agroindustrial sectors, thus increasing their export-orientation. Such reforms have clearly spurred agroindustrialization, rural development and economic growth, but there is also concern that there may be direct and indirect impacts on rural resource degradation. The direct impacts may occur as increased agricultural activity leads to conversion of forests and increased land degradation from 'unsustainable' production methods. However, there may also be indirect effects if agroindustrial development displaces landless, near-landless and rural poor generally, who then migrate to marginal agricultural lands and forest frontier regions. This paper explores these direct and indirect effects of globalization and agroindustrialization on rural resource degradation both generally, plus through examining case study evidence. The paper focuses in particular on the examples of structural adjustment, trade liberalization and agricultural development in Ghana, and maize sector liberalization in Mexico under North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Download or read book Essays on Environmental and Development Policy Analysis in Developing Countries written by Demeke E. Bayou and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Open Economy and the Environment written by Ian Coxhead and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work asks what globalization means for environmental quality and the use of natural resources in developing economies. The authors develop theoretical models that trace the effects of trade and trade liberalization on sectoral resource allocation, factor returns, income and welfare, as well as incentives to clear forest and degrade agricultural land. The models reflect important developing economy features including spacial distinctions between uplands and lowlands, open-access forest resources and the special features of domestic food products. The authors also analyse representative economy submodels, explore empirical cases based on applied general equilibrium models of Asian economies, and examine welfare and environmental implications of migration, trade liberalization and development policy.
Download or read book International Trade and the Environment written by Patrick Low and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers focuses on the links between trade and the environment, and the use of trade policies to address environmental degradation, analyzing the relationships between environmental quality and international competitiveness, industrial location, trade liberalization, and growth. Wh
Download or read book Effects of International Trade on the Environment written by Caroline Mutuku and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-07-02 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: 1, , language: English, abstract: This paper looks into the effects the international trade has on the environment. Trade and environment is one of the most debated topics in management and economics studies over the years because of the increasing concerns on how international trade affects environment and vice versa. That said, the debate on trade and environment is not new, and it emerged in the early 1970s with concerns such as environmental protection, environmental policies on trade, and the impact on trade on environment. Most of the developed economies expressed interests on environmental degradation linked with the globalization process for instance, industrial pollution. In the 1980s, environmental concerns increased as more complex environmental issues were raised such as the climate change and the depletion of the ozone layer. Later in the 1990s, the sustainable development concept was introduced as trade liberalization and the globalization process accelerated. Several theories in support of international trade such as the economic theory has rendered the debate complex as the proponents of the economic theory argue that international trade is vital to economies because it results into a robust economic growth and also generates greater wellbeing of its citizens. That said, environmental policies and goals have been difficult to achieve during these debates. Diverse arguments exist about international trade with a few ecologists in favour of environmental protection as they argue that international trade has resulted into environmental depletion as the demand of world natural resources continue to increase. Of the two perspectives, there is an intermediate concept which has been proposed, the sustainable development which means that as international trade results into economic growth, this growth must be accompanied by environmental policies and strict environmental protection rules. Some of the defenders of sustainable development have supported free trade but with the inclusion of restrictions in multilateral negotiations so as to control the degradation of natural resources.
Download or read book Trade Liberalization Resource Degradation and Industrial Pollution in Developing Countries written by Ian Coxhead and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Trade Liberalization and Policies for the Sustainable Management of Natural Resources written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the benefits of global trade, many of the world's developing countries and countries with economies in transition, have sought to actively participate in the global trading regime. Recently, however, the undesirable effect of environmental degradation has emerged as a result of rapid increase in trade. This case study on Chile's Mining sector is one of a series of United Nations Environment Programme publications that discusses the country's experience with the environmental impacts of trade liberalization on their natural and environmental resources. It also presents innovative strategies to address negative impacts and strengthen positive ones. The other country studies available are: on Bangladesh's Shrimp farming industry; India's automotive sector; the Philippines' forestry sector; Romania's water sector and Uganda's fisheries sector
Download or read book Environment and Trade written by Sören Noack and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: 1,3, Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus (Lehrstuhl für VWL, inbesondere Umweltökonomie), course: Environmental Economics, language: English, abstract: Trade and environment form a complex relationship. Current trade regulations, though addressing environmental issues, do not lead automatically to effective environmental protection. This paper examines the role of environmental aspects in global and regional trade agreements like WTO, EU, NAFTA and Mercosur. The complex patterns of global trade and its influence on our environment are presented in detail by a case study on banana production in Costa Rica and the "Banana War" between the European Union and USA.
Download or read book Trade and Sustainable Development written by Robert C. Repetto and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From an economic perspective, both trade liberalization and environmental protection are inherently important. Trade liberalization allows countries to specialize in producing goods and services in which they have the comparative advantage, allowing consumers to purchase goods and services from countries that produce them most efficiently. Environmental protection ensures the full incremental costs of production and consumption are reflected in the decisions that producers and consumers face. The goal is to combine both trade liberalization and environmental protection to promote sustainable economic development."--Page de titre.
Download or read book The Effectiveness of Environmental Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements written by Ryan Abman and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade liberalization can spur environmental degradation. Concerns over these adverse impacts have led to a debate over the need for environmental provisions in regional trade agreements (RTAs), however the effectiveness of such provisions is unknown. This paper provides new causal evidence that environmental provisions are effective in limiting deforestation following the entry into force of RTAs. It exploits high-resolution, satellite-derived estimates of deforestation and identify the content of RTAs using a new dataset with detailed information on individual provisions. Accounting for the potential endogeneity of environmental provisions in RTAs, the paper finds that the inclusion of specific provisions aimed at protecting forests and/or biodiversity entirely offsets the net increases in forest loss observed in similar RTAs without such provisions. The inclusion of these provisions limits agricultural land expansion, but does not completely offset increases in total agricultural production. The effects are concentrated in tropical, developing countries with greater biodiversity.
