Download or read book Labor Markets And Agricultural Production written by Jan Douwe van der Ploeg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-04-05 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the complex and often contradictory relationships between agricultural production and markets, Labor, Markets, and Agricultural Production examines the micro-macro linkages between farm production, farm labor issues, and the degree of autonomy or dependency vis-Ã -vis markets. By comparing the case of farmers in Peru, generally regarded as peripheral agricultural producers, with that of European farmers able to easily access the centralized markets of the EEC, Dr. van der Ploeg is able to draw general conclusions about the ongoing process of commoditization of agriculture and the roles farmers play in agrarian development.

Download or read book Can labor market imperfections explain changes in the inverse farm size productivity relationship written by Deininger, Klaus and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-06-24 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand whether and how inverse relationship between farm size and productivity changes when labor market performance improves, we use large national farm panel from India covering a quarter-century (1982, 1999, 2008) to show that the inverserelationship weakened significantly over time, despite an increase in the dispersion of farm sizes. A key reason was the substitution of capital for labor in response to nonagricultural labor demand. In addition, family labor wasmore efficient than hired labor in the 1982–1999 period, but not during the 1999–2008period.In line with labor market imperfections as a key factor, separability of labor supply and demand decisions cannot be rejected in the second period,except in villages with very low nonagricultural labor demand.

Download or read book Seasonal Agricultural Labor Markets in the United States written by Robert D. Emerson and published by Iowa State Press. This book was released on 1984 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seasonal Liquidity Rural Labor Markets and Agricultural Production written by Günther Fink and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many rural households in low and middle income countries continue to rely on small-scale agriculture as their primary source of income. In the absence of irrigation, income arrives only once or twice per year, and has to cover consumption and input needs until the subsequent harvest. We develop a model to show that seasonal liquidity constraints not only undermine households' ability to smooth consumption over the cropping cycle, but also affect labor markets if liquidity-constrained farmers sell family labor off-farm to meet short-run cash needs. To identify the impact of seasonal constraints on labor allocation and agricultural production, we conducted a two-year randomized controlled trial with small-scale farmers in rural Zambia. Our results indicate that lowering the cost of accessing liquidity at the time of the year when farmers are most constrained (the lean season) reduces aggregate labor supply, drives up wages and leads to a reallocation of labor from less to more liquidity-constrained farms. This reallocation reduces consumption and income inequality among treated farmers and increases average agricultural output.

Download or read book Seasonal Liquidity Rural Labor Markets and Agricultural Production written by Günther Fink and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many rural households in low and middle income countries continue to rely on small-scale agriculture as their primary source of income. In the absence of irrigation, income arrives only once or twice per year, and has to cover consumption and input needs until the subsequent harvest. We develop a model to show that seasonal liquidity constraints not only undermine households' ability to smooth consumption over the cropping cycle, but also affect labor markets if liquidity-constrained farmers sell family labor off-farm to meet short-run cash needs. To identify the impact of seasonal constraints on labor allocation and agricultural production, we conducted a two-year randomized controlled trial with small-scale farmers in rural Zambia. Our results indicate that lowering the cost of accessing liquidity at the time of the year when farmers are most constrained (the lean season) reduces aggregate labor supply, drives up wages and leads to a reallocation of labor from less to more liquidity-constrained farms. This reallocation reduces consumption and income inequality among treated farmers and increases average agricultural output.

Download or read book Migration Mechanization And Agricultural Labor Markets In Egypt written by Alan Richards and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After a long period of stability, Egypt’s agricultural sector experienced sudden change due to the 1973 oil price increases and Anwar Sadat’s Open Door economic policies. Workers left rural Egypt for the cities and high-wage jobs in the oil-exporting countries. The resulting “labor shortage†and rising real wages in agriculture coincided with a

Download or read book The Farm Labor Problem written by J. Edward Taylor and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Farm Labor Problem: A Global Perspective explores the unique character of agricultural labor markets and the implications for food production, farm worker welfare and advocacy, and immigration policy. Agricultural labor markets differ from other labor markets in fundamental ways related to seasonality and uncertainty, and they evolve differently than other labor markets as economies develop. We weave economic analysis with the history of agricultural labor markets using data and real-world events. The farm labor history of California and the United States is particularly rich, so it plays a central role in the book, but the book has a global perspective ensuring its relevance to Europe and high-income Asian countries. The chapters in this book provide readers with the basics for understanding how farm labor markets work (labor in agricultural household models, farm labor supply and demand, spatial market equilibria); farm labor and immigration policy; farm labor organizing; farm employment and rural poverty; unionization and the United Farm Workers movement; the Fair Food Program as a new approach to collective bargaining; the declining immigrant farm labor supply; and what economic development in relatively low-income countries portends for the future of agriculture in the United States and other high-income countries. The book concludes with a chapter called "Robots in the Fields," which extrapolates current trends to a perhaps not-so-distant future. The Farm Labor Problem serves as both a guide to policy makers, farmworker advocates and international development organizations and as a textbook for students of agricultural economics and economics. - Describes the unique character of agricultural labor markets providing consequential insights - Contextualizes the economics of agricultural labor with a global perspective - Examines the history of farm labor, immigration, policy and collective bargaining with a view to the future

Download or read book Consistent Aggregation of Family and Hired Labor in Agricultural Production Functions written by Howard Barnum and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An estimated production function for the Muda river valley in Malaysia is used to examine three issues: (1) whether or not labor marginal product is zero, (2) whether or not farm households allocate resources efficiently and (3) whether or not agricultural labor markets are characterized by dualism. In areas where an active labor market exists the first two of these issues may be closely related to the third if family and hired labor can be considered separate factors of production. This study shows that if the labor aggregate is defined as the sum of family and hired labor the resulting production function estimate will be subject to specification bias which will render empirical tests of the issues mentioned invalid. Using separate variables for family and hired labor it is shown that the marginal product of family labor is positive and significantly different from zero and that farms are approximately allocatively efficient. The study does find, however, some substantiation for a mild degree of dualism in the labor market.

Download or read book China s Rural Labor Migration And Its Economic Development written by Liu Xiaoguang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agricultural Labour Markets and Structural Adjustment in Sub Saharan Africa written by Lawrence D. Smith and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1991 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seasonal Agricultural Labor Markets in the United States written by United States. Employment and Training Administration and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 681 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Non farm income and labor markets in rural Ethiopia written by Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethiopia’s economy is rapidly transforming. However, the extent to which this is affecting off-farm income and labor markets in rural areas is not well understood. Based on a large-scale household survey in high potential agricultural areas, we find that total off-farm income (defined as wage and enterprise income) makes up 18 percent of total rural income. Wage income in both the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors accounts for 10 percent of total household income, equating in importance to livestock income. We show off-farm income and wage income to be relatively more important for the poor and female and youth-headed households. We further find that real rural wages increased by 54 percent over the last decade, mostly driven by high agricultural growth. While this wage increase is good news for the poor, it also induces adjustments in agricultural production practices, including increased adoption of labor-substituting technologies such as herbicides and mechanization. However, it also relaxes liquidity constraints in the off-season for some households, consequently leading to higher productivity.

Download or read book Labor Markets in Rural and Urban Haiti Based on the First Household Survey for Haiti written by Dorte Verner and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper addresses labor markets in Haiti, including farm and nonfarm employment and income generation. The analyses are based on the first Living Conditions Survey of 7,186 households covering the whole country and representative at the regional level. The findings suggest that four key determinants of employment and productivity in nonfarm activities are education, gender, location, and migration status. This is emphasized when nonfarm activities are divided into low-return and high-return activities. The wage and producer income analyses reveal that education is key to earning higher wages and incomes. Moreover, producer incomes increase with farm size, land title, and access to tools, electricity, roads, irrigation, and other farm inputs.

Download or read book Essays on Off farm Labor Market Participation Farm Production Decisions and Household Economic Wellbeing written by Mary W. Kiiru Mathenge and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Domestic and Imported Workers in the Harvest Labor Market Santa Clara County California 1954 written by Varden Fuller and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Agricultural Economics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-08 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Volume Five highlights new advances in the field, with this new release exploring comprehensive chapters written by an international board of authors who discuss topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, food and agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets: Immigration Policy, Minimum Wages, Etc., Risk Management in Agricultural Production, Animal Health and Livestock Disease, Behavioral and Experimental Economics to Inform Agri-Environmental Programs and Policies, Big Data, Machine Learning Methods for Agricultural and Applied Economists, Agricultural data collection to minimize measurement error and maximize coverage, Gender, agriculture and nutrition, Social Networks Analysis In Agricultural Economics, and more. - Presents the latest release in the Handbook of Agricultural Economics - Written and contributed by leaders in the field - Covers topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, Food and Agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets, and more

Download or read book Labor and Rainfed Agriculture in West Asia and North Africa written by Dennis Tully and published by Springer. This book was released on 1990 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part one- Regional overview papers; Labor and the adoption and impactof farm technology; Labor markets in North Africa and the near east: a survey of developments since 1970; Mechanization, off-farm employment and agriculture; Household labor issues in West Asia and North Africa;Perspectives from labor studies in South Asia; Part two-country review papers; Agricultural labor and technological change in Turkey; Agricultural labor and technological change in cyprus; Agricultural labor and technological change in the Syriam; Agricultural labor and technological change in Jordan; Agricultural labor and technological change in Iraq; Agricultural labor and technological change in the Yemen; Agricultural labor and technological change in Tunisia; Agricultural labor and technological change in Morocco.