Download or read book Off Grid Solar Electrification in Africa written by Nathanael Ojong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates off-grid solar electrification in Africa by examining how political, economic, institutional, and social forces shape the adoption of off-grid solar technologies, including how issues of energy injustice are manifested at different levels and spaces. The book takes a historical, contemporary, and projective outlook using case studies from pre- and ongoing electrification communities in non-Western countries such as Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Senegal, Malawi, Tanzania, and Nigeria. Beyond the diverse nature of these countries in terms of their geographical location in West, East, and Southern Africa, each offers a different experience in terms of colonial history, economic and institutional infrastructure, social and cultural context, and level of adoption of off-grid solar technologies. Notably, the book contributes to the off-grid solar and energy justice scholarship in low-income non-Western contexts. It examines various approaches to energy justice and does so by engaging with Western and non-Western philosophical notions of the concept. It takes into consideration the major principles of Ubuntu philosophy with the adoption of off-grid solar technologies, hence enriching the energy justice framework. Finally, the book interrogates the degree to which the social mission that catalysed the expansion of the off-grid solar sector is being undermined by broader structural dynamics of the capital investment upon which it is reliant. It also argues that the ascendance of off-grid solar electrification in Africa is transformative in that it enables millions of people without access to or facing uncertainties linked to centralised grid energy to have access to basic energy services.

Download or read book Les D terminants de la Production Agricole en Afrique de L Ouest written by Bernard Yapo Kouassi and published by KARTHALA Editions. This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: En Afrique de l'Ouest, une série de facteurs contribue à la baisse de la productivité agricole : la dégradation de l'environnement, la forte croissance démographique, les attaques acridiennes, la performance insuffisante des économies. De nombreux pays enregistrent d'énormes déficits alimentaires. Une telle situation ne peut être améliorée qu'à partir de l'adoption de nouvelles technologies visant à l'obtention de meilleurs rendements. Dans cet ouvrage organisé en quatre chapitres, les auteurs se penchent sur les déterminants d'une meilleure productivité agricole. L'accent est surtout mis sur les aléas climatiques de ces dernières décennies, marquées par de fortes irrégularités saisonnières et une baisse régulière de la pluviométrie. Aux aléas climatiques s'ajoute le problème de la fertilité des sols caractérisé le plus souvent par un faible taux de matières organiques : carence en phosphore et en azote, complexe absorbant insuffisant, petite capacité de rétention en eau, etc. Enfin, dans les régions à forte densité de population ( exemples du Ghana et du Togo ), le taux de croissance démographique élevé agit négativement sur le potentiel foncier, caractérisé par la dégradation des ressources naturelles. Les auteurs exposent ici les réalités de ces facteurs déterminants pour la sécurité alimentaire, afin de permettre aux décideurs de mieux les intégrer à leur politique de développement du secteur agricole.

Download or read book cosyst mes forestiers des Cara bes written by and published by KARTHALA Editions. This book was released on 2009 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grâce à la grande diversité des organisations biologiques, notamment des bio-systèmes forestiers, la Caraïbe fait partie des 34 Hotspots actuels de la biosphère. C'est une aire géographique extraordinaire pour l'évolution du vivant, car les différents canevas régionaux - géomorphologiques, pédologiques, climatiques - associés aux îles, à la bordure continentale et à l'isthme ont induit une pluralité de biotopes. Ce qui a conditionné autant de communautés floristiques et faunistiques, de physionomies et de paysages. Tous les écosystèmes de l'espace intertropical y sont représentés. Néanmoins, les sociétés successives depuis la découverte des Amériques, tout en utilisant les ressources offertes par les écosystèmes du Nouveau Monde, les ont architecturés et les paysages notamment végétaux du présent sont des témoins pertinents de ce processus. L'érosion biologique régulière, consubstantielle à la croissance des productions humaines, reste, encore aujourd'hui, un danger pour le développement de ces territoires : bien des aspects floristiques et faunistiques sont encore inconnus. En quelque sorte, dans cette partie du monde la recherche est " insaturée ". Le colloque de décembre 2005 sur les " Écosystèmes forestiers des Caraïbes " organisé par le Conseil Général de la Martinique et piloté scientifiquement par l'Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (sous la direction de Philippe Joseph), a mis en relief la problématique de la biodiversité des terres qui enserrent la mer des Caraïbes. Et, plus largement, celle de la planète tout entière confrontée au changement climatique et à ses conséquences à long terme sur les milieux anthropisés, singulièrement les modifications des frontières écosystémiques et les espèces envahissantes. La mise en perspective des données obtenues par les chercheurs de champs disciplinaires variés, qui relèvent des sciences exactes, humaines, juridiques et économiques, a fourni une somme importante de connaissances et de méthodes. Celles-ci permettent d'éclairer la décision publique, en particulier pour améliorer les outils de gestion et de planification des forêts caribéennes. Par cette initiative, le Conseil Général de la Martinique, à l'instar de son président, a indiqué la voie qui devrait permettre, à long terme, une conservation et une valorisation de toutes les diversités biologiques. Au regard des modifications climatiques futures, en effet, le potentiel évolutif des bio-systèmes doit être, par tous les moyens, préservé.

Download or read book Les cartes de la connaissance written by Jean-Paul Bord and published by KARTHALA Editions. This book was released on 2004 with total page 699 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les sciences humaines et sociales entretiennent avec l'image en général et la carte en particulier des rapports complexes, voire contradictoires ou extrêmes, allant du rejet iconoclaste des uns à l'iconophilie, voire l'iconomanie des autres. Pourquoi pareil spectre de positions à l'intérieur d'une même discipline (ici en géographie) et pareille diversité de pratiques entre disciplines ? Au-delà de la compétence technique nécessaire qui peut expliquer la fréquence et la virtuosité du recours à la cartographie d'une part, au-delà de l'intérêt pédagogique de la visualisation d'un discours abstrait d'autre part, se pose plus fondamentalement la question épistémologique de la valeur heuristique de la carte dans la production du savoir. Après un groupe de contributions introductives définissant des positions théoriques différentes, voire opposées, cet ouvrage développe la réflexion autour de quatre thèmes : 1) Commandes, productions et usages de la carte ; 2) Dénaturaliser les cartes : 1e pouvoir et l'autorité ; 3) Langage graphique et construction du savoir ; 4) Cartographier l'Autre. Il se poursuit par un groupe d'interrogations transversales sur les précurseurs du langage graphique de la cartographie statistique des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles ; sur la valeur rhétorique de 1a carte, les modalités collectives de construction de l'identité et de l'altérité et des politiques publiques territoriales ; à propos des politiques urbaines, sur la force de l'instrument graphique et en même temps sa difficulté, voire son incapacité, à dire la complexité du social. Trois contributions tirent enfin quelques leçons d'ensemble : la première établit une comparaison entre les traditions cartographiques anglo-saxonne et française ; la seconde, sans nier les inconvénients, voire les risques, de l'outil cartographique, insiste sur son apport aux processus de la cognition géographique ; la dernière, interrogeant les travaux de sciences politiques en priorité mais pas exclusivement, pose la question de la redondance de l'image par rapport au texte et surtout du risque d'une cartographie d'assignation, de " portrait du roi ".

Download or read book Trees Outside the Forest written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book FAO Conservation Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Monthly Bibliography written by United Nations Library (Geneva, Switzerland) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book International African Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliographie Mensuelle written by United Nations Library (Geneva, Switzerland) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Visages et d fis des principales villes camerounaises written by Hénock Blaise Nguendo Yongsi and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Absorptive Capacity in the Sahel Countries written by Elliot Berg and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Britain France and the Decolonization of Africa written by Andrew W.M. Smith and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Looking at decolonization in the conditional tense, this volume teases out the complex and uncertain ends of British and French empire in Africa during the period of ‘late colonial shift’ after 1945. Rather than view decolonization as an inevitable process, the contributors together explore the crucial historical moments in which change was negotiated, compromises were made, and debates were staged. Three core themes guide the analysis: development, contingency and entanglement. The chapters consider the ways in which decolonization was governed and moderated by concerns about development and profit. A complementary focus on contingency allows deeper consideration of how colonial powers planned for ‘colonial futures’, and how divergent voices greeted the end of empire. Thinking about entanglements likewise stresses both the connections that existed between the British and French empires in Africa, and those that endured beyond the formal transfer of power.

Download or read book Development Economics written by Alain de Janvry and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-30 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Development Economics: Theory and Practice continues to provide students and practitioners with the perspectives and tools they need to think analytically and critically about the current major economic development issues in the world. Alain de Janvry and Elisabeth Sadoulet identify seven key dimensions of development—growth, poverty, vulnerability, inequality, basic needs, sustainability, and quality of life—and use them to structure the contents of the text. The book gives a historical perspective on the evolution of thought in development. It uses theory and empirical analysis to present readers with a full picture of how development works, how its successes and failures can be assessed, and how alternatives can be introduced. The authors demonstrate how diagnostics, design of programs and policies, and impact evaluation can be used to seek new solutions to the suffering and violence caused by development failures. In the second edition, more attention has been given to ongoing developments, such as: pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals continuously rising global and national inequality health as a domestic and international public good cash transfers for social protection carbon trading for sustainability This text is fully engaged with the most cutting-edge research in the field and equips readers with analytical tools for impact evaluation of development programs and policies, illustrated with numerous examples. It is underpinned throughout by a wealth of student-friendly features, including case studies, quantitative problem sets, end-of-chapter questions, and extensive references. Excel and Stata exercises are available as digital supplements for students and instructors. This unique text is ideal for those taking courses in development economics, economic growth, and development policy, and will provide an excellent foundation for those wishing to pursue careers in development.

Download or read book Global Renewables Outlook Energy Transformation 2050 written by International Renewable Energy Agency IRENA and published by International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This outlook highlights climate-safe investment options until 2050, policies for transition and specific regional challenges. It also explores options to eventually cut emissions to zero.

Download or read book The Conservation Biology of Tortoises written by IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group and published by IUCN. This book was released on 1989 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reducing Inequalities written by Rémi Genevey and published by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reduction of inequalities within and between countries stands as a policy goal, and deserves to take centre stage in the design of the Sustainable Development Goals agreed during the Rio+20 Summit in 2012.The 2013 edition of A Planet for Life represents a unique international initiative grounded on conceptual and strategic thinking, and – most importantly – empirical experiments, conducted on five continents and touching on multiple realities. This unprecedented collection of works proposes a solid empirical approach, rather than an ideological one, to inform future debate.The case studies collected in this volume demonstrate the complexity of the new systems required to accommodate each country's specific economic, political and cultural realities. These systems combine technical, financial, legal, fiscal and organizational elements with a great deal of applied expertise, and are articulated within a clear, well-understood, growth- and job-generating development strategy.Inequality reduction does not occur by decree; neither does it automatically arise through economic growth, nor through policies that equalize incomes downward via ill conceived fiscal policies. Inequality reduction involves a collaborative effort that must motivate all concerned parties, one that constitutes a genuine political and social innovation, and one that often runs counter to prevailing political and economic forces.

Download or read book Geneva Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: