Download or read book Enforcement and Effectiveness of Consumer Law written by Hans-W. Micklitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focusses on the enforcement of consumer law in order to identify commonalities and best practices across nations. It is composed of twenty-eight contributions from national rapporteurs to the IACL Congress in Montevideo in 2016 and the introductory comparative general report. The national contributors are drawn from across the globe, with representation from Africa (1), Asia (5), Europe (15), Oceania (2) and the Americas (5). The general report proposes a general introduction to the question of enforcement and effectiveness of consumer law. It then proceeds to identify the variety of ways in which national legislatures approach this question and the diversity of mechanisms put in place to address it. The general report uses examples drawn from the reports to illustrate common approaches and to identify more original or distinct unique approaches, taking into account the reported strengths and weaknesses of each. The general report consistently points readers to particular national reports on specific issues, inviting readers to consult these individual contributions for more details. The national contributions deal with the following areas: the national legal framework for consumer protection, the general design of the enforcement mechanism, the number and characteristics of consumer complaints and disputes, the use of courts and specialized agencies for the enforcement of consumer law, the role of consumer organizations and of private regulation in the enforcement of consumer law, the place of collective redress mechanism and of alternative dispute resolution modes, the sanctions for breaches of consumer law and the nature of external relations or cooperation with other countries or international organizations. These enriching national and international perspectives offer a comprehensive overview of the current state of consumer law around the globe.
Download or read book European Banking Law written by Ross Cranston and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents a practical analysis of the private law of banking transactions. Rooted in contract, the banker-customer relationship is overlaid with a range of rights and obligations having their derivation in tort, delict, notions of equity, good faith and statute. The book looks at some questions that arise within the banker-customer relationship in various European jurisdictions. What are the nature and consequences of the banker-customer relationship? Is there a duty on banks to advise customers and others about particular dealings and what liability arises if any advice given is wrong? What security can a bank take to protect itself as lender?
Download or read book Control of Price Related Terms in Standard Form Contracts written by Yeşim M. Atamer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores various approaches around the world regarding price term control, and particularly discusses the effectiveness of two major paths: ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Price control and its limits are issues that affect all liberal market economies, as well as more regulated markets. For the past several years, courts in many different countries have been confronted with the issue of whether, and to what extent, they should intervene regarding price-related terms in standard form contracts – especially in the area of consumer contracts. Open price clauses, flat remunerations, price adjustment clauses, clauses giving the seller/supplier the right to ask for additional payments, bundling or partitioning practices, etc.: a variety of price related terms are used to manipulate customers’ choices, often also by exploiting their behavioral biases. The result is an unfavorable contract that is later challenged in court. However, invalidating a given price term in standard forms e.g. of a banking or utilities contract only has an inter partes effect, which means that in thousands if not millions of similar contracts, the same clauses continue to be used. Effective procedural rules are often lacking. Therefore, pricing patterns that serve to hide rather than to reveal the real cost of goods and services require special attention on the part of regulators. The aim of this book is to determine the various approaches in the world regarding price term control, and particularly to discuss the efficiency of both paths, ex ante regulatory and ex post judicial intervention. Thanks to its broad comparative analysis, this book offers a thorough overview of the methods employed in several countries. It gathers twenty-eight contributions from national rapporteurs and one supra-national rapporteur (EU) to the 2018 IACL Congress held in Fukuoka. These are supplemented by a general report presented at the same IACL Congress, which includes a comparative analysis of the national and supranational reports. The national contributors hail from around the globe, including Africa (1), Asia (5), Europe (17), the European Union (1) and the Americas (5).
Download or read book European Consumer Policy after Maastricht written by N. Reich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Consumer Policy after Maastricht raises both `horizontal' and `vertical' issues of consumer policy in the European Community and associated countries. The work was prompted by three important `constitutional' events in Europe: the completion of the Internal Market on 31 December 1992, the adoption of the Maastricht Treaty on Political Union, and the conclusion of the Agreement on the European Economic Area (EEA). The `horizontal' papers in Part I are concerned both with analyzing the `acquis' of consumer policy in Europe and with new directions as well as obstacles. The keynote paper by Micklitz and Weatherill gives an overall analysis of the political and legal bases of consumer policy from both the Internal Market and the Political Union perspectives. It is followed by two papers on subsidiarity by Gibson and Dahl which take up and clarify a somewhat confusing and irritating discussion in the EC. Lothar Maier is concerned with the function and role of the Consumer's Consultative Council in the EC of which he is the President; Monique Goyens with the opportunities and especially the shortcomings of consumer interest lobbying in the EC by her association, BEUC. The papers by Schmitz, Micklitz, Wilhelmsson and Krämer raise controversial and still unresolved policy and legal issues which go beyond traditional consumer policy via directives, e.g. in commercial marketing, cross-border litigation, contract law matters and conflicts between consumer and conflicts between consumer and environmental policy. Part II is concerned with national perspectives. The individual country reports relate to the EC and EEA countries and to Switzerland. They document the diverse -- sometimes protective, sometimes disturbing -- impact of EC lawmaking on national legislation, court practice and enforcement. They demonstrate that law harmonization is a painstaking process towards the goal of creating a European legal area with common protective standards.
Download or read book Boundaries of European Private International Law written by Jean-Sylvestre Bergé and published by Primento. This book was released on 2015-04-22 with total page 747 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European private international law is by now based mainly on a large body of uniform rules such as the Regulations Rome I, Rome II, Brussels I, Brussels I bis. This significant legislative output, however, does not take place in a vacuum. Rules of private international law have been earlier (and still are) adopted at national, international and even European level in scattered regulations and directives. The recent plethora of private international law rules gives rise to issues of delineation and calls for some sort of ordering as gaps, overlaps and contradictions become flagrant. At the same time, the resulting interactions can offer new insight, ideas and even opportunities at a more theoretical level. This book gathers a collection of essays resulting out of a series of international seminars held in Lyon, Barcelona and Louvain-la-Neuve. During those seminars, young researchers selected in an open call for papers had the opportunity to discuss their views among themselves as well as with various specialists of the field, such as more senior academics, EU civil servants, national experts and representatives of other international organisations. The book offers the fresh views of those who will in the future shape the dialectic between the various sources of private international law and attempts to launch a discussion on the “living together” of legal sources. Two ranges of topics are addressed in the book: - firstly, the relationship between EU private international law and national law (substantial and procedural) and/or international law (international instruments of private international law or of uniform substantive law); and - secondly, the relationship between EU private international law and other aspects of EU law (internal market rules of primary law, harmonisation through secondary law and other pieces of legislation enacted in the realm of the area of freedom, security and justice).
Download or read book La protecci n jur dica del consumidor en la contrataci n en general written by María Teresa Álvarez Moreno and published by Editorial Reus. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El lector tiene en sus manos una monografía esencial para comprender los cambios que se han producido en la legislación protectora del consumidor, en cualquier tipo de contrato celebrado entre un profesional y un consumidor, ya sea de venta de bienes o de prestación de servicios y con independencia del modo o lugar en que éste se celebre. Escrito en lenguaje sencillo, sin renunciar a la precisión jurídica en los términos utilizados, este libro sirve tanto para el estudiante que quiere aprender nociones básicas de derecho de consumo, como para el profesional que, en el ejercicio de su profesión, quiere clarificar conceptos y conocer los cambios producidos en el Texto Refundido de la Ley de consumidores y usuarios tras la reforma operada por la ley 3/2014. No se trata sólo de modificaciones necesarias para adaptarse a la Directiva de Derechos de los consumidores, sino que, en algunos aspectos, suponen desviaciones de las soluciones marcadas por el derecho de contratos en general. María Teresa Álvarez Moreno es Licenciada y Doctora en Derecho por la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Fue profesora ayudante (de Escuela y de Facultad) en la citada Universidad entre 1993 y 2002, año en que obtuvo una Cátedra de Escuela Universitaria en la Universidad de León, donde impartió docencia hasta 2007. Desde esta fecha es profesora titular de Derecho Civil en la Universidad Complutense. Es coordinadora del Máster en Derecho Privado de la UCM desde junio de 2011 y Directora del Departamento de derecho Civil UCM desde mayo de 2015. Ha participado en varios proyectos de investigación I+D del Ministerio (Educación primero, y Competitividad después) sobre materias de contratación y de protección de consumidores. Ha realizado numerosas estancias en Universidades extranjeras, de docencia y de investigación, destacando sobre todas ellas las estancias como profesora visitante en dos universidades italianas en 2014 y 2015. Es autora de numerosas publicaciones en el marco del llamado Derecho de consumo, y ha impartido conferencias, ponencias y cursos especializados tanto en Universidades españolas y extranjeras, como en el marco de las administraciones públicas, ya fuese para formación inicial o permanente del personal cualificado.
Download or read book Glosario Del Banco Mundial written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition of the World Bank has been revised and expanded by the Terminology Unit in the Languages Services Division of the World Bank in collaboration with the English, Spanish, and French Translation Sections. The Glossary is intended to assist the Bank's translators and interpreters, other Bank staff using French and Spanish in their work, and free-lance translator's and interpreters employed by the Bank. For this reason, the Glossary contains not only financial and economic terminology and terms relating to the Bank's procedures and practices, but also terms that frequently occur in Bank documents, and others for which the Bank has a preferred equivalent. Although many of these terms, relating to such fields as agriculture, education, energy, housing, law, technology, and transportation, could be found in other sources, they have been assembled here for ease of reference. A list of acronyms occurring frequently in Bank texts (the terms to which they refer being found in the Glossary) and a list of international, regional, and national organizations will be found at the end of the Glossary.
Download or read book Conference on Public Law of the Economy written by and published by Eusko Jaurlaritza. This book was released on 1988 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Revista de derecho puertorrique o written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book LEV written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bolet n de la Biblioteca Jur dica written by Organization of American States. Law Library and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book OECD Review of Agricultural Policies Colombia 2015 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review assesses the performance of Colombian agriculture over the last two decades, evaluates Colombian agricultural policy reforms and provides recommendations to address key challenges in the future.
Download or read book Bibliographie Du Droit de la Consommation Dans la Communaut Europ enne 1983 1988 written by Françoise Maniet and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Publicidad 360 written by Alejandro Álvarez Nobell and published by Ediciones Universidad San Jorge. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Esta publicación es fruto de la reflexión de, fundamentalmente, docentes del ámbito de la comunicación y de la publicidad basada en la necesidad de aunar fuerzas para ofrecer una obra de conjunto que intenta ver la publicidad como un hecho global y no solo aislado de la comunicación comercial. La presente obra profundiza en el valor de la publicidad y su importancia contemporánea, desde una perspectiva holística y con el objetivo de querer ser una publicación didáctica y de reflexión.
Download or read book The North American Mosaic written by Commission for Environmental Cooperation (Montréal, Québec). Secretariat and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.
Download or read book The Law Applicable to Cross border Contracts involving Weaker Parties in EU Private International Law written by María Campo Comba and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides answers to the following questions: how do traditional principles of private international law relate to the requirements of the internal market for the realisation of the EU’s objectives regarding the protection of weaker parties such as consumers and employees? When and how should private international law ensure the applicability of EU directives concerning the protection of weaker parties? Are the EU’s current private international law, rules on conflict of laws, and private international law approach sufficient to ensure the realisation of its objectives regarding weaker contracting parties, or is a different approach to private international law called for? The book concludes with several proposed amendments, mainly regarding the Rome I Regulation on the law applicable to contractual obligations, as well as suggestions on the EU’s current approach to private international law. This book is primarily intended for an academic audience and to help achieve better regulation in the future. It also seeks to dispel certain lingering doubts regarding the current practice of EU private international law.
Download or read book Wrap Contracts written by Nancy S. Kim and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author explains why wrap contracts were created, how they have developed, and what this means for society. The book uses hypotheticals, cases, and real world examples. She discusses court decisions and provides summary critiques to go with these. In addition, she provides doctrinal solutions grounded in law and policy. The book defines and distinguishes different types of contract terms. Finally, it includes actual wrap contract terms, flow charts, checklists, and other visual aids to explain legal concepts.
