Download or read book Le d veloppement des comp tences en Afrique subsaharienne un exercice d quilibre written by Omar Arias and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malgré la forte croissance économique que l’Afrique subsaharienne a connue ces vingt dernières années, les niveaux de transformation économique, de réduction de la pauvreté et de développement des compétences dans cette partie du monde sont bien inférieurs à ceux des autres régions. Des investissements judicieux dans le développement des compétences, en accord avec les objectifs politiques de croissance de la productivité, d’inclusion et d’adaptabilité, peuvent aider à accélérer la transformation économique de la région subsaharienne au XXIe siècle. L’augmentation de la population en âge de travailler en Afrique subsaharienne constitue une réelle chance d’accroître la prospérité collective. Les pays de la région ont investi massivement dans le développement des compétences†‰; les dépenses publiques consacrées à l’éducation ont été multipliées par sept au cours des 30 dernières années, et le nombre d’enfants scolarisés est aujourd’hui plus élevé que jamais. Pourtant, les systèmes d’éducation de cette population n’ont pas donné les résultats escomptés, et ces insuffisances entravent considérablement les perspectives économiques. Dans la moitié des pays, moins de deux enfants sur trois terminent l’école primaire, et encore moins atteignent des niveaux supérieurs d’enseignement et obtiennent un diplôme. Les acquis d’apprentissage demeurent faibles, ce qui entraîne des lacunes dans les compétences cognitives de base telles que la lecture, l’écriture et le calcul, aussi bien chez les enfants, les jeunes que les adultes. Le taux d’alphabétisation de la population adulte est inférieur à 50 % dans de nombreux pays†‰; la part des adultes sachant lire, écrire et compter de manière fonctionnelle est encore plus faible. Une réforme du système est nécessaire pour réaliser des progrès significatifs. De multiples agences aux niveaux national et local sont impliquées dans les stratégies de développement des compétences, faisant des compétences «†‰le problème de tous, mais la responsabilité de personne†‰». Les politiques et les réformes doivent permettre de renforcer les capacités des politiques qui ont fait leurs preuves et d’instaurer des mesures incitatives visant à faire converger le comportement de tous les acteurs dans la poursuite des objectifs de développement des compétences au niveau national. Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d’équilibre. Investir dans les compétences pour la productivité, l’inclusion et l’adaptabilité présente des données qui éclaireront les choix stratégiques des pays en matière d’investissements dans les compétences. Chaque chapitre aborde un ensemble de questions spécifiques, en s’appuyant sur une analyse originale et sur une synthèse des travaux existants pour explorer les domaines principaux : • comment les compétences appropriées à chaque étape du cycle de vie sont-elles acquises et quelles défaillances du marché et des institutions affectent le développement des compétences†‰; • quels systèmes sont nécessaires pour que les individus aient accès à ces compétences, notamment les investissements consentis par les familles, les institutions du secteur privé, les écoles et autres programmes publics†‰; • comment ces systèmes peuvent-ils être renforcés†‰; • comment les personnes les plus vulnérables, à savoir celles qui ne font pas partie des systèmes standards et qui n’ont pas réussi à acquérir des compétences essentielles, peuvent-elles être soutenues. Les pays de la région seront souvent confrontés à des arbitrages difficiles qui auront des effets distributifs et influeront sur leur trajectoire de développement. Des dirigeants engagés, des efforts conjoints de réforme et des politiques bien coordonnées sont essentiels pour aborder le délicat exercice d’équilibre que représente le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne.
Download or read book Economic Liberalisation and Development in Africa written by Jomo Kwame Sundaram and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2008 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this endnote address delivered at the 11th General Assembly of CODESRIA, held in Maputo in 2005, Sundaram notes that over three decades of economic stagnation, contraction and increased poverty have taken a huge toll on Africa's economic, social and political fabric; and pro-active efforts are urgently required in order to build new capacities and capabilities for development. He argues that much of the ostensible conventional wisdom regarding African development and poverty is often both erroneous and harmful; and calls for greater 'policy space' for African governments to choose or design their own development strategies, as well as implement more appropriate development policies. (This dual language edition is in both English and French).
Download or read book Commodity Market Review 1998 99 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1999 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book L industrialisation en Afrique subsaharienne written by Kaleb G. Abreha and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Génératrice d’emplois et de productivité, l’industrialisation est un vecteur de croissance qui coïncide souvent avec l’accélération du développement dans les économies les plus avancées. Cela étant, du fait de la rapidité des avancées technologiques et des restructurations qu’a connues le commerce international, certains chercheurs et décideurs remettent aujourd’hui en cause les contributions de l’industrie manufacturière au développement dans les Etats où son apparition est tardive. Dans le même temps, l’industrialisation et les transformations structurelles font partie intégrante de l’Agenda 2063 de l’Union africaine et des stratégies de développement de nombreux pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne. A la lumière de ce regain d’intérêt pour l’industrialisation dans l’ensemble de la région, il importe moins de savoir si les pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne doivent considérer l’industrialisation comme l’une des voies vers la croissance durable que de promouvoir effi cacement les perspectives ouvertes par cette dernière. L’industrialisation en Afrique subsaharienne : Saisir les opportunités offertes par les chaînes de valeur mondiales se penche sur cette question en proposant de réévaluer les perspectives d’industrialisation des pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne au travers de leur intégration dans les chaînes de valeur mondiales et en examinant le rôle de la politiques dans le renforcement de ces perspectives.Les principaux enseignements de cette étude indiquent que • L’Afrique sub-saharienne n’a pas connu de désindustrialisation précoce; au contraire, la région a bénéfi cié d’une croissance substantielle de l’emploi manufacturier en dépit d’une contribution toujours limitée de la valeur ajoutée industrielle au PIB. • L’intégration de la région aux chaînes de valeur industrielles mondiales reste relativement élevée, bien qu’elle soit marquée par la présence dominante des produits primaires et par le recours à l’emploi peu qualifi é. • L’intégration aux chaînes de valeur mondiales conduit à des créations d’emplois et l’intégration verticale en amont permet d’en créer encore davantage. Le présent ouvrage souligne l’importance des politiques dans le maintien d’un marché compétitif, dans la promotion d’une hausse de la productivité, dans l’encouragement du développement des compétences et dans l’accompagnement de secteurs tels que les infrastructures et la fi nance. Les décideurs politiques peuvent renforcer les connections des chaînes de valeur mondiales 1) en augmentant la valeur ajoutée des produits d’export existants, 2) en encourageant la reconversion vers l’emploi hautement qualifi é et 3) en créant des avantages comparatifs pour les industries centrées sur les savoirs.
Download or read book The Political Economy of Economic Growth in Africa 1960 2000 written by B. J. Ndulu and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 2 of an analysis of the economic development of Sub-Saharan Africa, 1960-2000.
Download or read book Rapports et proc s verbaux des r unions written by and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Economic Outlook October 2017 Middle East and Central Asia written by International Monetary Fund. Middle East and Central Asia Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-10-27 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil exporters in the Middle East and North Africa, Afghanistan, and Pakistan region (MENAP) are continuing to adjust to lower oil prices, which have dampened growth and contributed to large fiscal and external deficits.
Download or read book Echinoderm Research written by Michel Jangoux and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an outcome of the second European conference on Echinoderm brussels held in Belgium in 1989. It covers the following areas of research in echinoderm: paleontology, reproduction, development and larval biology, evolution, systematics and biogeography, morphology and physiology.
Download or read book World Bank Assistance to Agriculture in Sub Saharan Africa written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sub-Saharan Africa is a critical development priority-it has some of the world's poorest countries and during the past two decades the number of poor in the Region has doubled, to 300 million-more than 40 percent of the Region's population. Africa remains behind on most of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and is unlikely to reach them by 2015. With some of the world's poorest countries, Africa is a development priority for the donor community. A major drag on Africa's development is the underperformance of the critical agriculture sector, which has been neglected both by donors and governments over the past two decades. The sector faces a variety of constraints that are particular to agriculture in Africa and make its development a complex challenge. Poor governance and conflict in several countries further complicate matters. IEG has assessed the development effectiveness of World Bank assistance in addressing constraints to agricultural development in Africa over the period of fiscal 1991-2006.
Download or read book Capacity Building Governance and Economic Reform in Africa written by Mr.Michel Dessart and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2001-10-02 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, edited by Michel A. Dessart and Roland E. Ubogu, records the presentations made and discussions held during the Inaugural Seminar of the Joint Africa Institute (JAI). The JAI was established in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, by the African Development Bank, the IMF, and the World Bank to meet the pressing training needs of the African continent. The participants discussed four main topics: the changing role of the state, governance, and new capacity requirements; the challenge of achieving macroeconomic stability in Africa; the requirement for capacity building in Africa; and the role of international financial institutions in capacity building in Africa. The seminar was held in November 1999, but the topics and recommendations of the seminar remain current and of particular importance today. The seminar was held in English and French, and both language versions are contained in this volume. 240 pp. 2001
Download or read book Annuaire Europeen 2000 European Yearbook 2000 written by Francis Rosensteil and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 2001-07-01 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2000's most significant international event was, almost certainly, neither political nor military, but scientific - the announcement, in June, that the human genome had been almost totally decoded. Future generations may well see this as a major turning point, opening the way to radical changes in diagnosis, prognosis, and medical treatment. Often compared with the space programme, this vast enterprise still generates misgivings: this new power, which human beings now have, to modify the genetic heritage of living creatures raises fundamentally new ethical questions - and society as a whole will have to find the answers. In fact, the accelerating pace of scientific and technical progress seems to be reviving atavistic anxieties, some rational, others less so. Recent public-health crises, including the mad cow disease' scare, which lasted into 2000, have fuelled these fears. The public's rejection of GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms) - verging on a crusade in some countries - tells its own story. As regards conflict, 2000 saw the Middle East peace process grind to a halt, and the Intifada resume. In Europe, the situation in Kosovo and Chechnya, both the scenes of fighting in 1999, stayed precarious. Peace and democracy did score some successes, however, particularly in Europe: the centre-left's victory in Croatia, sweeping former President Tudjman's party off the scene, the democratic party's triumph in Bosnia, and the fall of the Milosevic regime in Serbia.
Download or read book Bilingual Dictionary of Terms written by François Elandi and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2019-02-14 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bilingual Dictionary of Terms Banks. Finances. Money. Financial Markets / Banques. Finances. Monnaie. Marchés Financiers METODES Editions Collection Culture & Savoir (C&S) François Elandi This bilingual work, fruit of a team of specialists and professionals, deals with banking, finance, and stock market practices with —— more than 25,000 words and terms used in French and in British and North American English of today; —— convenient examples to better assimilate the terms used, contributing to make the work the most precise reference in its specialty; and —— a cross-reference system to more precise definitions and complementary expressions to other words and terms inside the development of a word or an expression. It is intended for ——high school pupils and students of higher education, ——professional users, and ——the general public. In order for them to ——acquire and develop their professional lexicological heritage; ——master the exact terminology in the practice linked to their activity or profession; ——perfect their knowledge in banking, finance, and stock exchange practice; and ——better communicate efficiently. Cet ouvrage bilingue, fruit d’une équipe de spécialistes et de professionnels, traite des pratiques bancaires, financières et boursières, avec : ——Plus de 25000 mots et termes utilisés en français et en anglais britannique et nordaméricain ; ——Des exemples pratiques pour mieux assimiler l’emploi de ces termes, contribuant à faire de l’ouvrage la référence la plus précise dans sa spécialité ; ——Un système de renvois à des définitions et explications complémentaires et plus précises à d’autres mots et termes au sein du développement d’un mot ou d’une expression. Il est destiné : ——A l’élève des lycées et collèges ou à l’étudiant de l’enseignement supérieur ; ——A l’utilisateur professionnel ; ——Au grand public. Pour : ——Acquérir et développer son patrimoine lexicologique professionnel ; ——Maîtriser la terminologie exacte dans la pratique liée à son activité ou à sa profession ; ——Perfectionner ses connaissances dans la pratique bancaire, financière et boursière ; ——Mieux communiquer efficacement.
Download or read book The Origins of Energy and Environmental Policy in Europe written by Thomas C. Hoerber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development of a European environmental conscience through successive steps of European integration in energy policy. In the 1960s-70s, the world was slowly beginning to realise that environment degradation was not sustainable. With phenomena such as acid rain, it became clear that pollution did not stop at national boundaries and the European environmental conscience developed in parallel to such growing environmental concerns. The oil crisis in 1973 was a turning point in the integration process for both energy policy and environment policy, and while further integration towards the European energy policy failed; the environmental policies took shape in measures such as energy saving. The Commission incorporated both energy and environmental policies into the EU policy canon and built an institutional framework, responding to the insufficiency of national policy answers and the developing environmental conscience of the European people. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of European Integration, European Union politics and history and environmental politics and policy.
Download or read book Capaciades de Pasta Y Papel written by and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1998 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These annual surveys of wood pulp and paper capacities are based on figures received from correspondents in many countries and on Secretariat estimates for the remaining countries. Country tables for pulp and paper are presented on one page, and regional tables include all the detail of country tables. Topics include: wood pulp for paper making, mechanical wood pulp, chemical wood pulp, paper and paperboard, newsprint, and much more.
Download or read book Lemur Social Systems and Their Ecological Basis written by J. Ganzhorn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has seen a steady increase in studies oflemur behavior and ecology. As a result, there is much novel information on newly studied populations, and even newly discovered species, that has not yet been published or summarized. In fact, lemurs have not been the focus of an international symposium since the Prosimian Biology Conference in London in 1972. Moreover, research on lemurs has reached a new quality by addressing general issues in behavioral ecology and evolutionary biology. Although lemurs provide important comparative information on these topics, this aspect of research on lemurs has not been reviewed and compared with similar studies in other primate radiations. Thus, as did many in the field, we felt that the time was ripe to review and synthesize our knowledge of lemur behavioral ecology. Following an initiative by Gerry Doyle, we organized a symposium at the XIVth Congress of the International Primatological Society in Strasbourg, France, where 15 contributions summarized much new information on lemur social systems and their ecological basis. This volume provides a collection of the papers presented at the Strasbourg symposium (plus two reports from recently completed field projects). Each chapter was peer-reviewed, typically by one "lemurologist" and one other biologist. The first three chapters present novel information from the first long-term field studies of three enigmatic species. Sterling describes the social organization of Daubentonia madagascariensis, showing that aye-aye ranging patterns deviate from those of all other nocturnal primates.
